INCORPORATED JULY: 26, 1957  Richard G. Barakat, Mayor (District 3) Richard" T. Hale, Jr. Mayor Pro Tem (District 1) Elizabeth Bruny, Council Member (District5) Bruce Lathrop, Council Member (District4) Monte Lewis, Council Member (District2)  BRADBURY  City of Bradbury Agenda Report  TO: FROM: DATE:  Honorable Mayor and Council Members Kevin Kearney, City Manager Lisa Kranitz, Assistant City Attorney November 7, 2023  SUBJECT: 2021-2029 (6TH CYCLE) HOUSING ELEMENT  CITY COUNCIL RESOLUTION NO. 23-22  ARESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF BRADBURY, CALIFORNIA, SETTING FORTH THE FINDINGS OF FACT AND A DECISION TO APPROVE AND ADOPT THE 6TH CYCLE 2021-2029  HOUSING ELEMENT Attachments  1) HCD Letter of October 19, 2023 2) Resolution No. 23-22 with Exhibits: A) 2021-2029 Housing Element B) Housing Element Completeness Checklist  SUMMARY  California State law requires every city to have a General Plan that includes a Housing Element that complies with the Government Code. A Housing Element is to identify sites and establish policies to enable a city to accommodate the Regional Housing Needs Assessment (RHNA) allocation to meet the needs of existing and future residents. With reflection on the characteristics of a city, a Housing Element establishes policies that will guide decision making and sets forth programs with quantified objectives. These commitments are required in furtherance of the statewide goal of, "early attainment of decent housing and a suitable living environment for every California family." The City retained Veronica Tam and Associates, Inc., and began preparation of the 6th Cycle 2021-2029 Housing Element (the Housing Element Update) in Spring 2021. After a presentation to the City Council, and a Housing Workshop, a Draft Housing Element was made available for public review from April 29 to May 30, 2022, and the Draft was  AGENDA ITEM NO.    2021-2029 6th Cycle Housing Element- Adoption  November 7, 2023  Page 2of4  submitted to the California Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) for review on June 15, 2022. HCD provided comments on September 1, 2022, and the Revised Draft Housing Element was prepared and made available for public review on February 27, 2023, and sent to HCD on April 6, 2023. HCD sent additional comments, and after meetings with the City Council in. July 2023, the Revised Draft Housing Element was further revised in August, posted on the City website, and sent to HCD. HCD contacted City staff with preliminary comments, and met with City staff on October 10, 2023, to discuss the comments. City staff and HCD agreed on final revisions needed for approval, and on October 11, 2023, the final revised 6th Cycle Housing Element was posted = see Exhibit A of the attached Resolution No. 23-22 (Attachment 4 2). HCD provides a Housing Element Completeness Checklist - see Exhibit B of Resolution 23-22, that outlines the requirements for a Housing Element to conform with State Housing Element Law. On October 19, 2023, HCD issued the attached letter (Attachment 1) stating that the Housing Element Update meets the statutory requirements of State Housing Element Law. It is recommended that the City Council approve the 2021-2029 6th Cycle Housing Element Update and adopt the attached Resolution No. 23-22.  PROPOSED HOUSING ELEMENT UPDATE  State Housing Element law requires that each city develop local housing programs that will enable it to meet its fair share of current and future housing needs for all income groups. This fair share is established through the Regional Housing Needs Assessment (RHNA) that is determined by a Council of Governments (SCAG) and allocates a regional share to the various jurisdictions. Table III-1 on Page II-2 oft the Housing Element Update presents the following 2021-2029 RHNA allocation for the City of Bradbury:  Income Level Extremely Low Very Low Low Moderate Above Moderate Total  Percent Area Median Income 0-30% 31-50% 51-80% 81-120% >120%  No. of Units 8 8 9 9 7 41  Percent 19.5 19.5 22 22 17 100  Through the public participation and review processes, concern was expressed about the City'sability to accommodate the additional housing because oft the unique characteristics of the City. In response to these concerns and in light of the Housing Element requirements, the City amended the provisions for SRO housing by requiring that cooking facilities be included sO that they function as adequate living units, and the Cityy will amend the Affordable Housing Overlay zone, and place the Overlay on a portion of the Civic Center to provide an opportunity to develop multi-family affordable housing see Program 6: Multi-Family Housing on Page VI-6 of the attached Housing Element Update. The Revised Draft 2021-2029 Housing Element presents and discusses the City's demographics, and the constraints and resources that relate to the production of housing,    2021-2029 6th Cycle Housing Element- Adoption  November 7, 2023  Page 3 of4  such as the minimal amount of vacant land, the combination of high land and construction costs, and the significant hazards of wildfires and earthquakes. Despite the constraints, the Housing Element Update has been prepared to provide for adequate opportunities to meet the City's RHNA allocation. It is expected that this will primarily be through the For the Housing Element Update, it is required that a specific site in the City be identified and zoned for affordable housing. The Civic Center is the one property that the City has control over, and therefore can be readily designated for affordable housing. In 2018, the Land Use Element was amended to place the. Affordable Housing Overlay designation on the entire Civic Center property. It is required that this site be able to accommodate 18 multi-family units and a 6-person emergency shelter. Since City Hall is not likely to be relocated, having the Affordable Housing Overlay designation on the entire Civic Center property is unrealistic. Iti is therefore to be replaced with a new affordable housing overlay titled, Affordable Housing Civic Center Overlay (AHCCO) that is to be placed on the rear/easterly 0.68-acre portion of the Civic Center property. An ordinance will create the The Planning Commission held a public hearing on September 27, 2023, at which time the Commission adopted Resolution No. PC: 23-316, recommending that the City Council  development of secondary and accessory dwelling units.  new AHCCO zone and apply it to the rear of the Civic Center site.  adopt the Housing Element Update. FINANCIAL REVIEW  There will be no additional financial cost to the City associated with adoption of the Housing Element Update as the amendments implement what the City is already required  to do by State law. ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW  The City, through Veronica Tam and Associates, Inc., retained Recon Environmental, Inc. to prepare the environmental documentation for the Housing Element Update and related actions. This began with the Initial Study Checklist, and two environmental factors, Cultural Resources and Tribal Cultural Resources were identified as potentially affected, but which would not be significant with mitigation measures. The other topic areas were all of less than significant impact. A Mitigated Negative Declaration was prepared, along Prior tot this item, the City Council will have considered the environmental documents and ift they are found to be adequate, the Council will have adopted Resolution No. 23-211 to adopt the Mitigated Negative Declaration and Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting  with a Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program.  Program for the Housing Element.  PUBLIC NOTICE  At least ten days prior to the November 7, 2023, Special Meeting, a notice of the public hearings on the agenda was mailed to the owners of every property in the City, to those    2021-2029 6th Cycle Housing Element Adoption  November7.2023  Page 4 of4  parties and entities that had requested to be notified, and posted at the three locations in  the City required by City Council Resolution No. 1226.  FINDINGS  Inaddition to finding the environmental review and documentation adequate, the following A. Itis is necessary to update the City's Housing Element to comply with State law, and the 2021-2029 Housing Element has been prepared in accordance with State law. B. The City has considered the comments from HCD and has made changes to the . The Housing Element substantially complies with Housing Element Law as provided in Government Code section 65580 et seq., and contains all provisions required by D. The Housing Element is consistent with the other elements of the General Plan, including the Land Use Element which is being updated concurrently.  findings are applicable to the City Council decision:  Housing Element in response to those comments.  State Housing Element Law.  RECOMMENDATION AND ACTION  The City Council is to open a public hearing and solicit testimony on the Housing Element After the testimony, the Council is to close the public hearing and it is recommended that the Council determine that thet findings can be made to approve and adopt the 2021-2029 Housing Element and approve a motion to adopt the attached Resolution No. 23-22.  Update.  ATTACHMENTS  1) HCD Letter of October 19, 2023 2) Resolution No. 23-22 with Exhibits: A) 2021-2029 Housing Element B) Housing Element Completeness Checklist    ATTACHMENT  1  HOUSING AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT (HCD)  LETTER OF OCTOBER 19, 2023    STATE OF CALIFORNIA- BUSNESS.CONSUMEN: SERVICESANDHOUSINGAGENCY DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT  GAMINNEWSOM_Gosne  DIVISION OF HOUSING POLICY DEVELOPMENT 2020 W.E EIC Camino Avenue, Suite 500 Sacramento, CA 95833 (916) 8/FAX01028.7A63 www.hcd.ca.gov  October 19, 2023  Kevin Kearney, City Manager City of Bradbury 600 Winston Avenue Bradbury, California 91008 Dear Kevin Kearny:  RE: City of Bradbury's 6th Cycle (2021-2029) Revised Draft Housing Element Thank you for submitting the City of Bradbury's (City) revised draft housing element received for review on August 22, 2023. The California Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) also received revisions on October 19, 2023 that were made available to the public for seven days. Pursuant to Government Code section The revised draft element, incorporating the revisions submitted, meets the statutory requirements of State Housing Element Law described in HCD's June 5, 2023 review. However, the housing element cannot be found in substantial compliance until the City has completed necessary rezones to make priori identified sites available or address the shortfall of sites to accommodate the regional housing needs allocation (RHNA) pursuant to Assembly Bill 1398 (Chapter 358, Statutes of 2021) as described below. The housing element will substantially comply with State Housing Element Law (Gov. Code, S 65580 et seq) when the necessary rezoning is complete and the element is adopted, submitted to, and approved by HCD, in accordance with Government Code Pursuant to Assembly Bill 1398 (Chapter 358, Statutes of 2021), a jurisdiction that failed to adopt a compliant housing element within one year from the statutory deadline cannot be found in compliance until rezones to make prior identified sites available or accommodate a shortfall of sites are completed pursuant to Government Code section 65583, subdivision (c) (1) (A) and Government Code section 65583.2, subdivision (c). As this year has passed and Program 5 (Sites Inventory) has not been completed, the housing element will remain out of compliance until the rezoning has been completed. Once the City completes the rezone, a copy oft the resolution or ordinance should be transmitted to HCD. HCD will review the documentation and issue correspondence identifying the updated status oft the City's housing element compliance. Public participation in the development, adoption and implementation of the housing element is essential to effective housing planning. Throughout the housing element  65585, HCD is reporting the results of its review.  section 65585.    Kevin Kearney, City Manager  Page 2  process, the City should continue to engage the community, including organizations that represent lower-income and special needs households, by making information regularly available and considering and incorporating comments where appropriate. Please be aware, any revisions to the element must be posted on the local government's website and to email a link to all individuals and organizations that have previously requested notices relating to the local government's housing element at least seven days before For your information, pursuant to Government Code section 65583.3, the City must submit an electronic sites inventory with its adopted housing element. The City must utilize standards, forms, and definitions adopted by HCD. Please see HCD's housing element webpage at htps/www.hcd.cagovpanning-and-communitvy- developmenthousing-elements for a copy of the form and instructions. The City can reach out to HCD at sitesinventory@hed ca.gov for technical assistance. Several federal, state, and regional funding programs consider housing element compliance as an eligibility or ranking criteria. For example, the CalTrans Senate Bill (SB) 1 Sustainable Communities grant, the Affordable Housing and Sustainable Communities program, and HCD's Permanent Local Housing Allocation consider housing element compliance and/or annual reporting requirements pursuant to Government Code section 65400. With a compliant housing element, the City will meet housing element requirements for these and other funding sources. For your information, some general plan element updates are triggered by housing element adoption. HCD reminds the City to consider timing provisions and welcomes the opportunity to provide assistance. For information, please see the Technical Advisories issued by the Governor's Office of Planning and Research at: ntps/Mwwoprca.owpaminasenentoen!  submitting to HCD.  HCD appreciates the hard work and dedication of the housing element update team. Their efforts and commitment to effectively plan for Bradbury's existing and future housing needs are commendable. HCD looks forward to receiving the City's adopted housing element. If you have any questions or need additional technical assistance,  please contact Margaret Scarpa at asartsSapadhaasoe  Sincerely,  RP Paul McDougall Senior Program Manager    ATTACHMENT  2  CITY COUNCIL RESOLUTION NO. 23-22  A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF BRADBURY, CALIFORNIA, SETTING FORTH THE FINDINGS OF FACT AND A DECISION TO APPROVE AND ADOPT THE  6TH CYCLE 2021-2029 HOUSING ELEMENT  Exhibits:  A) 2021-2029 Housing Element B) Housing Element Completeness Checklist    RESOLUTION NO. 23-22  Al RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF BRADBURY, CALIFORNIA, AMENDING THE BRADBURY GENERAL PLAN BY ADOPTING THE 6th CYCLE 2021-2029 HOUSING ELEMENT WHEREAS, California state law requires every city to have a General Plan, including a Housing Element which complies with the provisions of Government Code  section 65580 et seq.; and  WHEREAS, the Housing Element is required, among other things, to identify sites sufficient to accommodate the City's Regional Housing Needs Assessment (RHNA) as  assigned by the Southern California Association of Governments; and  WHEREAS, the City's final RHNA allocation was a total of41 housing units broken down among the various income levels as follows: above moderate - 7; moderate - 9;  low -9 9; and very low - 16; and  WHEREAS, in March 2021 the City approved a consulting agreement withVeronica Tam and Associates for consulting services relating to the preparation of the Housing  Element; and  WHEREAS, the City held a number of meetings on the Housing Element before the City Council including on February 7, 2022, July 6, 2023, and July 26, 2023; and WHEREAS, the draft Housing Element and site inventory information was originally posted on the City's website from April 29, 2022, to May 30, 2022, for comment  and review; and  WHEREAS, on June 15, 2022, the City sent its draft Housing Element to the Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) for comment and on  September 1, 2022, the City received comments from HCD; and  WHEREAS, a revised draft was posted on the City's website on February 27, 2023, WHEREAS, the City received an additional comment letter from HCD on June 5, WHEREAS, additional revisions to the draft Housing Element were made based WHEREAS, on August 15, 2023, the City posted the revised Housing Element on WHEREAS, on August 22, 2023, the City sent a revised Housing Element to HCD; WHEREAS, on September 27, 2023, the Planning Commission of the City of Bradbury held a duly noticed public hearing on the Revised 6th Cycle Housing Element in  and sent to HCD on April 6, 2023; and  2023; and  on the further comments by HCD; and  its website; and and    accordance with State law requirements at which time it took into consideration all  evidence presented, both oral and written; and  WHEREAS, at the close of the public hearing the Planning Commission adopted Resolution No. PC 23-316, recommending adoption of the Revised 6th Cycle Housing  Element by the City Council; and  WHEREAS, City staff met with HCD on October 10, 2023 to discuss the review and comments on the last submittal to HCD of the Revised 6th Cycle Housing Element, and City Staff and HCD agreed on the final additions and revisions needed for approval  of the Revised 6th Cycle Housing Element; and  WHEREAS, on October 11, 2023, the City posted the Revised 6th Cycle Housing Element with the final additions and revisions agreed upon with HCD on the City website;  and  WHEREAS, on October 19, 2023, HCD issued a letter stating that the Revised 6th Cycle Housing Element as posted on October 11, 2023, meets the statutory requirements  of State Housing Element Law; and  WHEREAS, on November 7, 2023, the City Council held a duly noticed public hearing on the Revised 6th Cycle Housing Element, Exhibit A attached hereto and incorporated herein by reference, at which time it considered all evidence presented, both  written and oral; and  WHEREAS, prior to adopting this Resolution, the City Council adopted Resolution No. 23-21 adopting the Mitigated Negative Declaration and Mitigation Monitoring and NOW, THEREFORE, THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF BRADBURY DOES SECTION 1. Findings. The City Council of the City of Bradbury does hereby find as  Reporting Program for the Housing Element; HEREBY RESOLVE AS FOLLOWS:  follows:  A. The foregoing recitals are true and correct and are incorporated by reference B. Iti is necessary to update the City's Housing Element to comply with State law. C. The City Council has considered the comment ietters from HCD and has made D. The Housing Element substantially complies with Housing Element Law as provided in Government Code section 65580 et seq., and contains all provisions required by State Housing Element Law, as shown in the attached Exhibit B, the Housing Element  into this action.  changes to the Housing Element in response to these comments.  Completeness Checklist, which is incorporated herein by reference.  E. The Housing Element is consistent with other elements of the General Plan,  including the Land Use Element which is being updated concurrently herewith.  -2-  Reso. 23-22    SECTION2. Adoption. Based on the above, the City Council hereby adopts the 6th Cycle Housing Element for 2021-2029 and directs the City Manager to submit the SECTION3. Modification. The City Council hereby authorizes the City Manager to make all non-substantive changes or amendments to the Housing Element to make it internally consistent or to address any non-substantive changes or amendments SECTION4. Effective Date. This Resolution shall become effective immediately. SECTION5. Certification. The City Clerk shall certify to the passage of this Resolution. SECTION6. Custodian of Record. Each and every one of the findings and determinations in this Resolution are based on the competent and substantial evidence, both oral and written, contained in the entire record relating to the Project. All summaries of information in the findings which precede this section are based on the entire record. The absence of any particular fact from any such summary is not an indication that a particular finding is not based in part on that fact. The documents and materials that constitute the record of proceedings on which these findings and approval are based are located in City Hall. The Custodian of Record is the City Clerk, Diane Jensen, who can be reached at (626)358-3218, or by email at ensen@ahobradhunong  document to HCD for certification.  requested by HCD to achieve certification.  PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED this 7th day of November 2023.  Mayor  ATTEST:  Diane Jensen, City Clerk  1, Diane Jensen, City Clerk, hereby certify that the foregoing Resolution No. 23-22 was duly adopted by the City Council of the City of Bradbury, California, at a special  meeting held on the 7th day of November 2023, by the following vote:  AYES: NOES: ABSTAIN: ABSENT:  -3-  Reso. 23-22    EXHIBIT A 2021-2029 Housing Element  Reso. 23-22    CITYORE BRADBURY  2021-2029 Housing Element  Draft June 2022  Revised Draft August and  2023  Bradbury City Hall 600 Winston Avenue Bradbury, CA 91008    Housing Element 2021-2029 Table of Contents Introduction. A. Purpose.. B. Public Participation.  Table ofContents  I-1 I-1 I-1 I-2 I-2 I-2 I-3 I-3 II-1 II-1 .II-1 II-2 II-3 II-4 II-5 II-6 II-8 .III-1 III-1 III-2 III-3 III-4 III-8 IV-1 IV-1 IV-2 .IV-4 IV-16 IV-17 .IV-17 IV-18 IV-20 IV-22 IV-22 IV-23 IV-25 IV-26 IV-26 IV-34  C. Consistency with State Planning Law and General Plan.  D. Housing Element Planning Period.. E. Housing Element Organization. F. Information Resources. G. The Unique Character oft the City of Bradbury II. Demographic Characteristics A. Population B. Age Distribution. C. Race and Ethnicity. D. Household Income. E. Employment Trends. F. Household Type. I. Housing Values. III.Housing Needs Assessment.. A. Regional Housing Needs Assessment. B. Overcrowding C. Housing Cost Burden. D. Special Housing Needs E. Units at Risk..  G. Existing Housing Stock in Bradbury  H. Secondary Living Quarters, Single Room Occupancy, and Accessory Dwelling Units. .II-7  IV.Housing Constraints & Resources. A. City Development History. B. Residential Land Use. C. Provision for a Variety ofl Housing Types. D. Housing for Persons with Disabilities. E. Building Codes and Enforcement. F. Site Improvement Constraints.. G. Fees and Other Exactions.. H. Processing and Permit Procedures. . Local Ordinances J. Transparency in Development Regulations K. Non-Governmental Constraints L. Environmental Constraints. M. Infrastructure Constraints. N. Future Development Potential O. Energy Conservation and Climate. Action Plan.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Table of Contents    Housing Element 2021-2029  Table ofContents  V. Review of] Housing Element Performance. A. Progress in Implementing the 2014-2021 Housing Policies and Programs. B. Addressing the 2014-2021 Housing Element Objectives VLHousing Policies, Programs, & Quantified Objectives.  V-1 V-1 V-6 VI-1 VI-1 VI-11 A-1 .B-1 B-1 B-2 B-4  A. Housing Policies and Programs. B. Quantified Objectives Appendix A: Public Outreach.. Appendix B: Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing A. Introduction and Overview of AB 686. B. Overview of] Bradbury C. Assessment ofl Fair Housing Issues..  Housing Element 2021-2029  Table of Contents    Housing Element 2021-2029  Introduction  F7Z  BRADBURY  Housing Element 2021-2029  CHAPTERI INTRODUCTION  A. Purpose  The Housing Element of the Bradbury General Plan identifies and establishes the City's policies with respect to meeting the needs of existing and future residents. It establishes policies that will guide City decision-making and sets forth an action plan including quantified objectives to implement its housing goals over the 2021-2029 Housing Element planning period. These commitments are in furtherance of the statewide housing goal of "early attainment of decent housing and a suitable living environment for every California family," as well as a reflection of  the characteristics unique to the City ofl Bradbury.  B. Public Participation  The City of] Bradbury began the Housing Element update process in Spring 2021. An introductory presentation was made before the City Council on April 20, 2021. The meeting provided an overview oft the Housing Element requirements and offered the public an opportunity to provide input. In addition to announcing the meeting on the City's website, a special flyer was prepared and sent to agencies and organizations that serve special needs populations in the region, market- rate and affordable housing developers in the region, and agenciesindividuals that have provided comments to the City's Housing Element update. The flyer and mailing list are included in Appendix A. During the meeting, the public was concerned about the City's limited potential for additional housing growth. The City conducted a second Housing Workshop on March 7,2022 to discuss the provisions for single-room occupancy (SRO) units and SRO developments. In addition, the City has conducted discussions with the City Council on various housing topics: March 1, 2021 - Kickoff of Housing Element update and potential challenges February 7,2022-F Re-initiation ofthel Housing Element update after delays due to staffing The Draft Housing Element was made available for Public Review from April 29, 2022 to May 30,2022. The draft was posted in the City's website and stakeholders were notified. A copy oft the  constraints  Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapterl  Page. 11    Housing Element 2021-2029  Introduction  notice is found in Appendix A. The Draft was submitted to) HCD for review on June 15, 2022.A Revised Draft Housing Element was prepared to respond to HCD's comments (received September 1,2 2022). The Revised Draft was available for public review on February 27. 2023 and sent to HCD on April 6. 2023. HCD sent another comment letter and additional revisions were made. These changes were discussed at Special Study Sessions of the City Council on. July 6.2 2023 and July 26, 2023. The Revised Draft was available for public review on August 15. 2023 and sent  toHCD on August 22, 2023.  Pursuant to SB 1087, the City will provide the adopted Housing Element to its water and sewer During the various public meetings, thej public has expressed concerns regarding the City's ability to accommodate additional housing given its unique characteristics. Ini response to these concerns while addressing Housing Element requirements, the Cityrevised the provisions for SRO housing (tor require cooking facilities and therefore can function as an adequate living unit) and will amend the Affordable Housing Overlay to permit multi-family affordable housing development (see  service providers.  Program 5 in the Housing Plan section of this Housing Element C. Consistency with State Planning Law and General Plan  The Housing Element is one of the eight General Plan elements mandated by the State of California, as articulated in Chapters 65580 to 65589.8 of the Government Code. State Law requires that the Housing Element consist of "an identification and analysis of existing and projected housing needs and a statement of goals, policies, quantified objectives, and scheduled programs for the preservation, improvement and development of housing." The residential character of the City is, largely, determined by the variety of its housing and the location and maintenance oft the housing. The Housing Element represents an effort toj provide housing for all The Housing Element of the General Plan is only one facet of a City's planning program. The California Government Code requires that General Plans contain an integrated, consistent set of goals and policies. The Housing Element is, therefore, affected by development policies contained in the Land Use Element, which establishes the location, type, intensity and distribution of land uses throughout the City. The Circulation Element establishes policies for providing essential streets and roadways to all housing that is developed. The policies that are contained in other  economic segments oft the population.  elements oft the General Plan affect the quality ofl life that citizens expect.  Housing Element. 2021-2029  Chapterl  Page I-2    Housing Element 2021-2029  Introduction  As part of this Housing Element update, the City reviewed the General Plan and its implementing Zoning Code for consistency with this Housing Element update. In September 2022, the City amended the Zoning Code to address the provision of SRO developments. The City will also amend the Zoning Code in 2023 to address to provision of adequate sites for RHNA As portions of the General Plan may be amended in the future, the elements of the General Plan, including the Housing Element, will be continuously reviewed to ensure that internal consistency  is maintained.  D. Housing Element Planning Period  State law requires that a jurisdiction evaluate its housing element according to a schedule established for each region in the State to determine its effectiveness in achieving City and State housing goals and objectives, and to adopt an updated Housing Element that reflects the results of this evaluation. Pursuant to the update cycle for jurisdictions within the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) region, Bradbury's Housing Element update covers the  eight-year, 2021-2029 planning period. E. Housing Element Organization  California Government Code Section 65583 requires the Housing Element to include the following  components:  Areview of the previous element's goals, policies, programs, and objectives to ascertain the effectiveness of each of these components, as well as an assessment of the overall An assessment of housing needs and an inventory of resources and constraints related to A statement of community goals, quantified objectives, and policies relative to the Ap program which sets forth an eight-year schedule of actions that the City is undertaking, ori intends to undertake, in implementing the policies set forth in the Housing Element. Chapter I provides an overview oft the scope and purpose oft the Housing Element including a summary oft the public participation and consistency with the General Plan; Chapter II presents the Demographic Characteristics profile which provides an overview of population, employment and housing characteristics in the City; Chapter mI identifies existing and future housing needs, including special needs populations; Chapter IV examines Housing Constraints and Resources that either facilitate or impede Chapter V provides ai review of the 2013-2021 Housing Element Performance;  effectiveness oft the Housing Element.  meeting these needs.  maintenance, preservation, improvement and development of] housing.  Thel Housing Element is divided into six chapters:  housing development ini the City;  Housing. Element 2021-2029  Chapterl  Page I-3    Housing Element 2021-2029  Introduction  Chapter VI is the community's statement of housing policies and describes the housing programs that will be implemented in order to achieve these goals and policies. This Chapter also contains Bradbury's Quantified Objectives for the Housing Element 2021-2029 planning  period.  F. Information Resources  A number ofs sources were used in preparing the Housing Element update. These include: American Community Survey (ACS)2015-2019 five-year estimates Population and housing estimates from the State Department of Finance  Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS) prepared by HUD (based on  2014-2018 ACS) City records  City development standards derived from the City's Municipal Code  SCAG's Pre-Certified Local Housing Profiles  The regional housing needs allocation (RHNA) was developed by the Southern California Association ofGovernments (SCAG). All data related to existing housing andi residential building sites was obtained from City records. Information regarding development fees charged by other  cities was obtained from their planning departments. G. The Unique Character of the City of Bradbury  Although many cities can state that they have unique qualities that will shape the future development of that city, the City of Bradbury is clearly distinctive among the other cities in Los Angeles County. The City of! Bradbury is located in the foothills oft the Angeles National Forest and contains only 1.9 square miles of land area (1,216 acres). Twenty-five percent of the City (approximately 301 acres) is vacant steep hillside that is not easily accessible and devoid ofp public infrastructure. This environmentally sensitive area contains protected ridgelines and riparian habitat, and consists ofs seven (Z) parcels toward the City's northern boundary adjacent to the City of Monrovia to the west, the City of Duarte to the east, and the Angeles National Forest to the north. The General Plan Land Use Map identifies this area as Open Space, Privately Owned Virtually the entire City is located in a very high fire hazard severity zone. The natural hazards, the steep topography and environmental sensitivity have a significant impact on the planned land uses and densities. The entire City is planned and zoned for single-family residential development, with a majority of the land area located within gate guarded private estate neighborhoods. The City does not contain any multi-family residential zones or commercially or industrially zoned property, and accommodates multi-family rental housing through single-room occupancy (SRO) developments typically used to house on-site equestrian or agricultural employees. The City provides zoning for 7,500 and 20,000 square foot parcels as well as one-, two-, and five-acre The City of Bradbury has not experienced substantial population growth for several decades as it isap primarily built-out community. The lack ofvacant parcels ofland has limited the City's ability  Undeveloped, having ai maximum density of one dwelling unit per five acres.  parcels.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapterl  Page I-4    Housing Element 2021-2029  Introduction  tol build housing for new residents. Future growth is expected to remain relatively low because the number of developable parcels ofland is continually diminishing. Nonetheless, the community recognizes that it has ai role inj providing opportunities to address the City's "fairs share"ofregional housing. During this housing element cycle, the City's Regional Housing Needs Allocation  (RHNA) assigned by SCAG is 41 units, in the following income distribution:  Very Low Income (0-50 percent Area Median Income) - 161 units (39 percent) Low Income (51-80 percent Area Median Income) - 91 units (22 percent) Moderate Income (81-120 percent Area Median Income) -91 units (22 percent) Above Moderate Income (above 120 percent Area Median Income) - 71 units (171 percent) A significant portion of the community is located within private gated neighborhoods. The circulation systems within these communities are comprised primarily ofnarrowj private roads that havej paved widths ofbetween 15 and 201 feet. Thej private streets arei maintained by thel homeowner associations. Water, gas, electric, and telephone utilities are available to all areas ofthe community with the exception ofthe approximately 302 acres ofvacants steep hillside property located adjacent to the Angeles National Forest. The majority ofthe existing 400 dwelling units have private septic sewer systems. The lack of public sewers constrains the community's density. Therefore, the City focuses its efforts in meeting the RHNA through the provision of Accessory Dwelling Units (ADUS) and has modified the requirements of SRO housing to address its lower and moderate Since there is only ai minimal amount of vacant land in the City for new residential development, and the combination of land values and construction costs render these potential properties as above market rate properties, future affordable housing needs must be provided primarily through the development ofr new accessory dwelling units. Natural hazards such as wildfires, earthquakes, earth movement, flooding, and windstorms are significant occurrences that constrain the City's land use and density opportunities. Narrow public and private roads, and marginal fire flows have  income housing needs.  a direct bearing on the land uses and densities adopted by the community.  Housing Element 2021-2029  ChapterI  Page I-5    Housing Element 2021-2029  Demographic Characteristics  EITVOTA BRADBURY  Housing Element 2021-2029  CHAPTER II  DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS  A. Population  An accurate assessment of existing and future residents' housing needs in the City of Bradbury forms the basis for establishing program priorities and quantified objectives in the Housing Element. This chapter presents statistical information and analyses of demographic and housing factors that influence the demand for, and availability of, affordable housing. The focus of this chapter is to identify the need for housing according to income level and by special needs groups. Most ofthe data presented is based on the 2015-2019 American Community Survey (ACS). Other data sources include the U.S. Department of Housing and' Urban Development (HUD), and data According to the 2015-2019 ACS, thej population oft the City ofBradbury was 833 persons. Ofthis total, 398 arei males (47.8 percent), and 435 (52.2 percent) are females. At thet time ofincorporation in 1957, the Cityl had 5181 residents. In the 53 years between incorporation and the 2015-20194 ACS, the City's population grew by 315 individuals to a total of 833 persons, or an increase of 60.8  collected by the City ofl Bradbury.  percent. B. Age Distribution  Age distribution is an important characteristic because housing demand within the market is influenced by the housing preferences of various distinct age groups. The 2015-2019 ACS indicated that the median age in the City is 46.2 years. This figure is significantly higher than the Los Angeles County median age of 36.5 years (2015-2019 ACS). Demand for housing that responds to the young adult population (18-34 years) traditionally takes the form of apartments, low to moderate cost condomintums, and smaller single-family units; while middle-age adults (35-64 years) generate a demand for moderate to high cost apartments, condominiums, and larger single-family units. Traditionally, seniors (age 65+) tend to live in older, larger houses that have been the property of their households for extended periods. However, as residents age, they can also generate a demand for low to moderate cost apartments, condominiums, group quarters, and manufactured or mobile homes. Table II-1 shows the age distribution of the City of] Bradbury in 2019. As shown, children 17 years and younger comprise approximately 17 percent of Bradbury's population while more than half oft the City's residents are age 45 and older (52.7 percent).  Housing. Element. 2021-2029  Chapter II  Page II-1    Housing Element 2021-2029  Demographic Characteristics  TABLEII-1  POPULATION AGE DISTRIBUTION-2019  Age Group Preschool (<5 years) School. Age (5-17 years) College Age (18-24 years) Young Adults (25-44 years) Middle Age (45-64 years) Senior Citizens (65+ years) Total Median Age = 46.2 years Source: 2015-2019 ACS  Persons 50 95 61 188 267 172 833  Percent 6.0% 11.4% 7.3% 22.6% 32.1% 20.6 100%  - Race and Ethnicity  Ethnicity of the population is important to the analysis of! housing needs for several reasons. The cultural influences of ethnicity often reflect the preferences for housing type, location ofhousing, associated services, and household composition. For example, the concept of "extended family" can have implications on the definition of overcrowding and housing conditions. While the City of Bradbury continues to have a predominately white population (45.1 percent), the 2015-2019 ACS documents 37.5 percent of the residents as Asian/Pacific Islander, and 14.9 percent as Hispanic. The City's ethnic and racial characteristics are summarized in' Table II-2:  TABLEII-2  RACE AND ETHNICITY-2019  Racial/Ethnic Group White Asian/Pacific Islander Hispanic African. American Other race/two or more: races Total Source: 2015-2019ACS  Persons 376 312 124 8 13 833  Percent 45.1% 37.5% 14.9% 1.0% 1.0% 100%  Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter II  Page. II-2    Housing Element 2021-2029 D. Household Income  Demographic Characteristics  Income is the most important factor in determining whether a household or family is able to balance housing costs with basic necessities ofl life while avoiding housing problems such as cost burden and overcrowding. The income characteristics not only influence the range of housing prices in the community, but also the ability of the population to obtain affordable housing. According to the 2015-2019, ACS, the estimated median income inl Bradbury was $146,250, which wast twice the $72,797 median income ofLos. Angeles County. This underscores the City'srelative For planning and funding purposes, the California State Department of] Housing and Community Development (HCD) has developed the following income categories based on the Area Median  affluence compared to the region.  Income (AMI) ofar metropolitan area (such as Los Angeles County):  Extremely Low Income: households earning up to 30 percent of the. AMI Very Low Income: households earning between 31 and 50 percent oft the. AMI Low Income: households earning between 51 percent and 80 percent oft the. AMI Moderate Income: households earning between 81 percent and 120 percent oft the AMI Above Moderate Income: households earning over 120 percent oft the AMI  Combined, the extremely low, very low-, and low-income groups are referred to as lower income. The Census does not collect information on the number of households belonging to each of the income categories described above. However, household income data was tabulated by HUD for 2014-2018 (Table II-3). As shown below, between 2014-2018, approximately 26 percent of the City's households earned lower incomes, while approximately 74 percent earned incomes of  moderate or above.  TABLEII-3  HOUSEHOLD INCOME DISTRIBUTION-20IB  Number of Bradbury Households 25 8 35 220 288  Percent of Bradbury Households 9% 3% 12% 76% 100%  Income Category Extremely Low (0-30% AMI) Very Low (31-50% AMI) Low (51-80% AMI) Moderate and Above (>81 AMI) Total Source: HUD CHAS Data, 2014-2018  Federal housing and community development programs typically assist households with incomes up to 80j percent oft the. AMI and use different terminology. For example, the Federal Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program refers households with incomes between 51 and 80 percent AMI as moderate income (compared tol low  income based on State definition). Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter. II  Page II-3    Housing Element 2021-2029 E. Employment Trends  Demographic Characteristics  Employment characteristics are important to housing market analysis because employment is directly related to income and the ability to afford housing. In addition, the relationship between the location ofhousing and thel location ofemployment. has an impact upon transportation systems, which can impact the location ofa affordable housing. The only employment opportunities within the City ofBradbury are those: related to agricultural uses, and domestic services and maintenance. According to the 2015-2019 ACS, there were 426 persons 16 years and older in the labor force. Oft this total, 417 were employed and 9 were unemployed. Ofall employed persons 16 years and older, the type of employment, by industry, as identified in the 2015-2019 ACS, is shown in the following Table II-4. Given that 20 percent ofthe City's population are age 65 and older, it can be assumed that a substantial portion of those individuals not employed (not in labor force) were As indicated in Table II-4, residents of Bradbury are employed in a variety of industries. The highest percentage of residents are in the following industries: 25.2 percent are employed in education, health and social services; 19.6 percent of residents are involved in management or professional specialties; 9.8 percent ofresidents work ini manufacturing, 8.9 percent are employed in finance, insurance and real estate; and 7.9 percent are in other services besides public administration. While the Census identifies 15 persons employed in farming, forestry or fishing industries, City business license records identify at least six (6) farms in the City, employing an estimated 13 helpers. Staff observed that these farm workers either live in Accessory Dwelling Units on the property, or in single rooms attached to thel house or other accessory buildings.  retired. In 2019, the overall unemployment rate was 2.1percent.  TABLEII-4  EMPLOYMENT TRENDS- 2015-2019  Industry  Number of Persons 82 105 37 15 15 15 19 14 17 41 15 9 33 417  Percent 19.6% 25.2% 8.9% 3.6% 3.6% 3.6% 4.6% 3.4% 4.1% 9.8% 3.6% 2.2% 7.9% 100%  Professional, scientific, management and administrative Educational, health ands social services Finance, insurance, real estate andi rental & leasing  Construction Public Administration Retail Trade Information Wholesale trade Manufacturing  Arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation and food services  Agriculture, forestry and fisheries & mining Transportation, warehousing, and utilities Other services (except public administration) Source: 2015-2019. ACS, Table DP03  Total  Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter II  Page II-4    Housing Element 2021-2029  Demographic Characteristics  The City does not expect a substantial increase or change in business activity during thel Housing Element planning period (2021-2029). The Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) also projects stable levels ofemployment in] Bradbury, with SCAG's 2020-2045 Regional Transportation Plan/Sustainable Communities Strategy showing no change in the 200 jobs in The majority of Bradbury residents work in other parts of the metropolitan Los Angeles area as there are: few opportunities outside ofservice, agricultural, and domestic maintenance employment within the City. The City has no commercial zones or business districts, and therefore it is not a viable location for retail or ofhice/professional businesses. The City's steep topography and lack of infrastructure restricts or precludes traditional commercial and industrial urban land uses. Nearby communities such as Monrovia, Arcadia, and Duarte have boundaries that extend beyond the hillside areas and include freeways and arterial streets that run throughout the San Gabriel valley, allowing these cities to have commercial and industrial employment opportunities. These nearby communities have access to regional transportation and have large commercial and industrial areas that provide opportunities for economic expansion and income growth. The City  Bradbury from 20161 to 2045.2  of] Bradbury's] primary revenue source is] property tax.  F. Household Types  Table II-5 shows the household types in Bradbury. The vast majority (89 percent) ofl households are families. Ofthe 241 family households, 174 do not have children under the age of1 181 living at  home. Singles comprise the remaining 11 percent ofhouseholds in the City.  TABLE: II-5  HOUSEHOLDS IN BRADBURY- -2019  Household Type Families With Children Without Children Singles Total Households Owner-occupied Renter-occupied Total Households Average Household Size Average Owner Household Size Average Renter Household Size Source: 2015-2019ACS  Number Percent 241 89% (67) (28%) (174) (72%) 29 11% 270 100% 219 81% 51 19% 270 100% 3.09 3.26 2.33  Southern California Association ofGovernments, Connect SoCall Demographics and Growth! Forecast Technical  Report, Adopted on September 3, 2020. Housing. Element. 2021-2029  Chapter II  Page II-5    Housing Element 2021-2029  Demographic Characteristics  Of the City's 270 households, 219 were owner-occupied (81 percent), and 51 units were renter- occupied (19 percent). The City's average overall household size was 3.09 persons per household in 2019. Owner-occupied housing units had an average household size of 3.26 persons per household, which was larger than the 2.33 persons per household ofrenter-occupied units.  G.I Existing Housing Stock in Bradbury  The 2015-2019 ACS identified a total of 385 dwelling units in Bradbury, a 92 percent increase since 200 dwelling units were recorded in 1970. (This does not include 50 units that were reportedly lost in the wildfires ofl November 1980). As shown in Table II-6, the vast majority (97  percent) oft the housing in the City are single-family, detached units.  TABLEI II-6  HOUSING TYPE AND NUMBER OF UNITS-2019  Unit' Type Single-family detached Single unit attached Multi-family attached units Total Source: 2015-2019. ACS, City ofl Bradbury  Number 377 5 3 385  Percent 97.9% 1.3% 0.8 100%  Among Bradbury's 385 housing units documented by the 2015-2019 ACS, 115 were unoccupied, which means a 29.9 percent vacancy rate., About 27 percent ofthese vacant units are for seasonal use, while 24 percent are fors sale only or are sold/not occupied yet. Only four percent ofl Bradbury's vacant units are for rent. The remaining 45 percent of vacant units are classified as "other" by the ACS andi include units held for settlement of an estate. held for personal reasons, orl held for repairs, The vacancy rate of30 percent in Bradbury is abnormally high. Comparatively, the vacancy rate countywide is only 6.4 percent. The vacancy rate in Bradbury was only 12.7 percent in 2010, according to 2006-2010 ACS estimates. The vacancy rate countywidei increased only slightly, from 6.1 percent, during the same period. The homeowner vacancy rate in Bradbury, or vacant homes for sale, is 8.9 percent. The rental vacancy rate, or units for rent, is also 8.9 percent according to the 2015-2019 ACS. The City is characterized by a large number of foreign owners who do not occupy, or occupy only sometimes, the property they own. These are often larger estates where  among other reasons (see note 1 on Table II-7).  the owners have no interest in redevelopment.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter II  Page II-6    Housing Element 2021-2029  Demographic Characteristics  TABLEII-7 VACANT UNITS BYTYPE  # 115 5 0 22 5 31 0 52  % 4.3% 0.0% 19.1% 4.3% 27.0% 0.0% 45.2%  Total: For rent Rented, not occupied For sale only Sold, not occupied For migrant workers Other vacant'  For seasonal, recreational, or occasional use  1.Unitsi includedi in this category are year-round units which were vacant for reasons other than those mentioned above: For example, held for settlement ofa an estate, held for personal reasons,or held for repairs. Below are the definitions for the other vacant categories presented referenced by ACS: orcbur-pemomilamiy, reasons, legal proceedings. preparing tor rent/sell, held for storage of household furniture, needs repairs. currently being repairedrenovated.; specific use housing (only used by aspecific group of people at one or various timest throughout the year). extended absence. abandoned/possiblyi tol be demolished possibly condemned, other write-in/don'  know. See: htps/www.censuss mhasiahsintiant  Source: 2015-2019ACS.,  The condition of existing housing stock is determined by its age, quality of original construction, and continued level ofr maintenance. Favorable housing conditions enhance neighborhood quality, which in turn promotes housing maintenance and improvement. Quality housing stock also correlates with the income and social stability of a neighborhood and the entire community. According to the City of Bradbury Municipal Code, a substandard building is any building or structure in such condition that is defective, unsightly, or in such condition of deterioration or disrepair that it causes, or may be reasonably expected to cause, any diminution of the values of adjacent properties, or to the City as a whole, or its residents, or that interferes with the peaceful use, possession, or enjoyment of such properties, or improvements on such adjacent lots. Oft the 385 dwelling units in Bradbury identified by the 2015-2019. ACS, 229 (59.5 percent) were built prior to 1990 and are now over 30 years old. Oft those units, 189 units are over: 50 years old. Though units that are at least 30 years old usually need some replacement of systems (roof, plumbing, electrical). The units in Bradbury were custom built and have been well maintained. The 2015-2019 ACS shows that all occupied housing units have complete plumbing facilities and only three units (one percent of occupied housing units) lack complete kitchen facilities. According to the City's Building Official, the majority of the City's housing stock is in good-to- fair condition, and very few housing units are not in full compliance with the applicable Building and Safety Codes, and related local ordinances. The City estimates that approximately ten percent ofthe homes built prior to 1970 (50+ years in age) arei ini need ofs some level ofrehabilitation. This equates to approximately 19 units. No units have been identified as being in need of replacement. In 2013, the City of Bradbury adopted an ordinance enacting the Mills Act. Thisi is aj preservation and rehabilitation incentive program that provides taxi reliefto designated! historic resources within  Housing. Element 2021-2029  Chapter. II  Page. II-7    Housing Element 2021-2029  Demographic Characteristics  the community. Homeowners ofl historic properties are to utilize the tax savings for architectural restoration, and/or upgrades to plumbing, heating, and other essential housing features. Thei majority ofh housing units in the City use private septic systems to handle effluent. In 2021, of the City's 349 parcels, 132 parcels are connected to the sewer system (37.8 percent) and 217 (62.2 percent) are not. The majority oft the units connected to sewers are in the south and south-eastern  portions oft the City.  H. Single Room Occupancy Units and Accessory Dwelling Units  Nearly half of the dwelling units in Bradbury are located on two- to five-acre agricultural estate parcels. These properties often contain secondary living quarters (SLQs) on the same parcel with the main dwelling unit and have been allowed for decades. The SLQs range from a few hundred square feet to 2,500 square feet. The SLQs do not have separate addresses and the utilities are often obtained through the meters installed to service the main dwelling unit. Occupants of these SLQs range from extended family members to individuals engaged in the care and maintenance of the main dwelling, the grounds or the agriculuralequestrian activities on the property. SLQs are often considered as affordable because they can be occupied by individuals and families that qualify as The larger estate dwelling units may also contain guest rooms and maid's quarters, usually in the form ofs single room occupancy (SRO) units.. Although these existing SRO: facilities usually doi not contain complete kitchens, they do provide living and sleeping accommodations for thej personnel The City added Accessory Dwelling Units (ADUS) and. Junior. Accessory Dwelling Units (JADUS) in accordance with State law, but has not yet received an application for an ADU or JADU. This may be because the City has allowed secondary dwelling units that are the equivalent of ADUS Ins September 2022, the City amended the Zoning Code to require SRO units toi include plumbing and cooking facilities to function as a dwelling unit under the California Building Code standards. Single SRO units are no longer permitted. Instead, SRO developments of2 or more units are permitted in all agricultural zones in the City. SRO units are now also permitted to be used as rentals. The maximum SRO unit size has also increased to 300 square feet (increasing from the current 250 square feet). SRO units are the most feasible option to provide affordable accommodation for lower income households (including extremely low income). The ability of the City to accommodate more conventional types of affordable housing is constrained by a variety of factors. The hillside character oft the community does not lend itselfto high density zoning or development. Land cost is high, and the community lacks public sewers and public storm drain facilities. Private streets are narrow and semi-improved. Conventional curbs, gutters, and sidewalks are non-existent in the private gated areas. The community is subject to several significant natural hazards such as wildfires, windstorms, earthquakes, and flooding. High density development, mixed use development, and multiple-family development are not generally options available to the City for the provision of affordable housing. However, the City  very low and low income households.  employed on site.  and. JADUS for many years.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter II  Page II-8    Housing Element 2021-2029  Demographic Characteristics  is amending the. Affordable Housing Overlay to allow multi-family affordable housing on the City The City is committed to the continued promotion ofs secondary living quarters/accessory dwelling unit development. City building permit and code enforcement records were reviewed toi identify the existence of second units. In 1994, a survey of second units was conducted with a resulting count of61 second units. Between 1994 and 2014, 36 additional second units had been approved, bringing the total to 97. Between 2014 and 2021, the City added seven secondary units, bringing the total to 104. The City's goal will bet to add at least OneADUDADU/SRO unit per year over the 2021-2029 planning period. The Constraints chapter of this Housing Element details the Municipal Code changes the City has made to comply with state law and encourage the  Hall site.  development of ADUS/JADUS/SROS and other secondary dwelling units.  I. Housing Values  Table II-8 below shows the value of owner-occupied housing units in 2019. Almost all (99.1 percent) oft the owner-occupied housing units had values in excess of $500,000, and 76.7 percent were valued over $1,000,000. The median home value in Bradbury was $1,555,900 compared to  $644,100 in Los Angeles County.  TABLE. II-8  VALUE OF OWNER-OCCUPIED HOUSING UNITS -2019  Value Less than $50,000 $50,000- $99,000 $I00,000-S149,000 $150,000-$ $199,000 $200,000-529,000 $300,000- $499,000 $500,000- $999,999 $1,000,000 plus Total Source: 2015-2019ACS, B25075  Number 0 0 0 2 0 0 49 168 219  Percent 0% 0% 0% 0.9% 0% 0% 22.4% 76.7% 100%  Zillow, a real estate website, had five listings for single family home sales in February and March 2022. There were no listings for houses with fewer than five bedrooms for Bradbury. The  following is a summary oft the listings Four listings for five-bedroom homes: 5,234 square feet.  Asking prices ranged from $1,980,000 to $3,250,000, median square footage was One seven-bedroom home was listed for $11,500,000 and was over 11,000 square feet in By comparison, there were no listings for Monrovia and only one for Duarte for houses with at least five bedrooms. Arcadia had a more robust listing of] homes with more than five bedrooms. Combing all listings for homes with five or more bedrooms in Arcadia and Duarte, there were:  size.  Housing. Element 2021-2029  Chapter. II  Page II-9    Housing Element 2021-2029  Demographic Characteristics  151 listings for five-bedroom homes footage was 4,693 square feet. 161 listings for six-bedroom homes 7,034 square feet. Two listings for seven-bedroom homes 10,971 square feet.  Asking price ranges from $895,000 (Duarte listing) to $4,990,000, median square Asking prices ranges from $1.5 million to $12 million, median square footage was Asking price ranges from $7.3 million to $8.4 million, median square footage was  Monthly contract rent is listed in the following Table II-9. As indicated previously, the majority (81.1 percent) ofthe occupied housing units int the City are owner-occupied. Ofthe total 51 rentals, 48 (94.1 percent) were: identified as having "no cash rent," " which are likely Accessory Dwelling Units occupied by grooms/animal caretakers, farm workers, and/or domestic employees, and the  living accommodations are provided as part oft the occupant's compensation.  TABLEII-2 Number 0 0 3 48 51  MONTHLY CONTRACT RENT-2 2019  Monthly Rent Less than $499 $500- $799 $800-$999 No Cash Rent Total Rental Occupied Units Source: 2015-2019. AC, $2503  Percent 0% 0% 5.9% 94.1% 100%  Inl March 2022, review of advertised apartments on Zillow near Bradbury in the adjacent cities of  Monrovia, Duarte, and Arcadia provide additional information on rental costs.  Nine one-bedroom apartments were listed for rent with a median rent of $1,700; 16t two-bedroom apartments were. listed for rent with a median rent of $2,273; and Nine three-bedroom apartments were. listed for rent with a median rent of $3,300.  Housing Affordability  The costs of home ownership and renting can be compared to a household's ability to pay for housing to determine the affordability of a community. The federal Department of] Housing and Urban Development (HUD) conducts annual household income surveys nationwide to determine ab household's eligibility for federal housing assistance. Based on this survey, HCD developed income limits that can be used to determine the maximum price that could be affordable to households in the upper range of their respective income category. Table II-10illustrates maximum affordable mortgage payments and rents for various household sizes in Los Angeles  County earning the top end of their respective income categories.  Housing Element. 2021-2029  Chapter. II  Page II-10    Housing Element 2021-2029  Demographic Characteristics  Given that the median home value in Bradbury was $1,555,900 in2 2019, purchasing al home is only feasible for upper income households. Renting in nearby communities, such as Monrovia and Duarte, may also prove challenging for lower and moderate income households. Comparing the affordable rents in Table II-9 with the median rents from the Zillow website listed above, some lower priced one-bedroom units may be available to low and moderate income households but  larger households are priced out oft two- and three-bedroom units.  TABLE: II-10  LOS ANGELES COUNTY AFFORDABLE HOUISNG COST (2020)  Annual Affordable Income Monthly Utilities Limits $23,700 $27,050 $30,450 $33,800 $36,550 $39,450 $45,050 $50,700 $56,300 $60,850 $63,100 $72,100 $81,100 $90,100 $97,350 $64,900 $74,200 $83,500 $92,750 $100,150  Taxes, Ins., HOA (Ownership only) $207 $237 $266 $296 $320 $345 $394 $444 $493 $532 $552 $631 $710 $788 $852 $568 $649 $731 $812 $876  Affordable Affordable Rent $442 $510 $571 $622 $650 $836 $960 $1,077 $1,185 $1,257 $1,427 $1,637 $1,837 $2,030 $2,170 $1,472 $1,689 $1,897 $2,096 $2,240  Housing Costs $593 $676 $761 $845 $914 $986 $1,126 $1,268 $1,408 $1,521 $1,578 $1,803 $2,028 $2,253 $2,434 $1,623 $1,855 $2,088 $2,319 $2,504  Home Price $61,790 $72,096 $80,244 $86,069 $86,953 $129,241 $149,182 $166,966 $182,427 $191,020 $230,524 $265,026 $297,157 $327,179 $347,334 $238,233 $274,020 $307,435 $338,527 $359,325  Extremely Low Income (0-30% AMI)  1-Person (studio) 2-Person (1 bdrm) 3-Person (2 bdrm) 4P Person (31 bdrm) 5P Person (41 bdrm) Very Low Income (31-50% AMI) 1-Person 2-Person 3-Person 4P Person 5Person Low Income (51-80% AMI) 1-Person 2-Person 3-Person 4P Person 5Person I-Person 2-Person 3-Person 41 Person 5Person 2021. 10.0% down payment.  $151 $166 $190 $223 $264 $151 $166 $190 $223 $264 $151 $166 $190 $223 $264 $151 $166 $190 $223 $264  Moderate Income (81-120% AMI)  Assumptions: 2020 HCD income limits - LA County; LACDA Utility allowance schedule, 2020; VTA and Associates, Based on: 3% interest rate; 30.0% affordable housing cost; 35.0% of monthly affordable cost for taxes and insurance;  Housing. Element. 2021-2029  Chapter II  Page I-11    Housing Element 2021-2029  Housing Needs Assessment  CIT - F4 BRADBURY  Housing Element 2021-2029  CHAPTER III  HOUSING NEEDS ASSESSMENT  The following analysis of current City housing conditions presents housing needs and concerns relative to various segments of the population. Several factors influence the degree of demand, or need," for new housing in Bradbury in the coming years. The four major "needs" categories  considered ini this element include:  Housing needs resulting from population growth, both in the City and the surrounding  region;  Housing needs resulting from overcrowding; adjusted annual income for housing; and  Housing needs that occur when households are paying more than 30 percent of their Housing requirements for "special needs groups" such as persons with disabilities, the  elderly, large families, female-headed! households, and the homeless.  A. Regional Housing Needs Assessment  California's Housing Element law requires that each city and county develop local housing programs designed to meet their "fair share" of existing and future housing needs for all income groups. The Regional Housing Needs. Assessment (RHNA)is tol be determined by thej jurisdiction's Council of Governments. This allocation concept seeks to ensure that each jurisdiction accepts responsibility for the housing needs of not only its resident population, but also for those households who might reasonably be expected to reside within the jurisdiction, particularly lower The allocation process begins with the State Department of Finance's projection of statewide housing demand for an eight-year planning period, which is then apportioned by the State Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) among each oft the State's official regions. The regions are represented by an agency typically termed a Council of Government (COG). In the six-county Southern California region, which includes the City ofl Bradbury and all other incorporated cities and unincorporated areas ofLos Angeles County, the agency responsible for assigning these is the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG). Council of  income households.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter III  Page IIL-I    Housing Element 2021-2029  Housing Needs Assessment  Governments, such as SCAG, then further allocates its assigned regional shares among its member Overview oft the SCAG Allocation Process - A local jurisdiction's share ofregional housing need ist the number ofadditional dwelling units that will need to be constructed: in aj jurisdiction in order to house the anticipated growth in the number of households, replace expected demolitions and conversions ofl housing units to non-housing uses, and achieve a future vacancy rate that allows for the healthy functioning of the housing market, over a specified time period. The allocation is provided in four income categories as defined by the State, based upon the relationship to the  jurisdictions.  County (Area) median income (AMI), adjusted for household size:  Very Low Low Moderate  0-50% of AMI 51-80% of AMI 81-120% of AMI  Above Moderate 121% or more of AMI  The allocations are further adjusted to avoid an over concentration ofl lower income households in any one. jurisdiction. The allocation must also consider the existing "deficit" ofl housing need due to the number oflower income households who are currently paying more than 30 percent oftheir incomes for housing or living in overcrowded conditions. Table III-1 represents the RHNA for  Bradbury for the 2021-2029 planning period.  TABLE III-1 2021-2029 Percent AMI* #ofUnits 0-30% 31-50% 51-80% 81-120% >120%  REGIONAL HOUSING NEEDS ASSESSMENT  Income Level Extremely Low** Very Low Low Moderate Above Moderate Total *AMI- Areal Median Income  Percent 19.5% 19.5% 22% 22% 17.0% 100%  8 8 9 9 7 41  Source: SCAG 6th Cycle Final RHNA Allocation Plan (approved by HCD on 3/22/21). **State law requires jurisdictions to also projects housing needs for extremely low income households. SCAG does not differentiate between very low (VLI) and extremely lowi income (ELI): needsi int thel RHNA. Pursuant to State law, the City can evenly splitt the very lowi income  RHNA into veryl low and extremely lowi incomes.  B. Overcrowding  An overcrowded household is typically the result ofas shortage of space. Specitaly,overcrowdimg occurs when there are more than 1.01 persons per room (excluding bathrooms, storage areas, and hallways or stairways); and severe overcrowding occurs when there are more than 1.50 persons per room. According to the 2015-2019 ACS, the City of Bradbury has a high number of rooms per household (a median of7.8 rooms per household) with a comparatively low number of persons per household (3.26 persons for owner occupied units and 2.33 persons for renter-occupied units). This  Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter II  Page III-2    Housing Element 2021-2029  Housing Needs Assessment  reflects the City's relative affluence. Among the 270 occupied housing units identified in Bradbury by the 2015-2019. ACS, no owner-occupied units or rental units were overcrowded.  C. Housing Cost Burden  Most households, particularly lower and moderate income households pay for their housing costs out of their wages and income. When a household pays more than 30 percent of its income on housing, it is considered cost burdened. Severe cost burden is paying more than 50 percent of householdi income for housing. Above moderate: income households oftenj pay for theirl housing costs That said, data from the 2014-2018 ACS and compiled by income category by HUD (referred to as Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy or CHAS data) identifies ai total of 290 households in Bradbury. Of these, 97 households in Bradbury (33.4 percent) were labeled as cost burdened, with 48 of these households (16.6 percent) spending more than half their income for housing = see the following Table III-2. Specifically, 35.3 percent ofl homeowners (83 households) were labeled as cost burdened, with 14.5 percent (34 households) being severely burdened. Approximately one- quarter of the City's renter-households: were labeled as cost burdened. However, Bradbury has homeowners that are in the top one percent of wealth in the United States. Therefore, the standard measuresofatiordabliy exaggerate the need'ofBradbury: residents, who arei mostly homeowners.  using assets that are unrelated to wages or employment income.  TABLEI III-2  HOUSING COST BURDEN - 2014-2018  Households by Income & Cost Burden Extremely) Low (<-30%AMI) Cost Burden >30 Cost Burden >50 Very Low (>30% to <=50% AMI) Cost Burden >30 Cost Burden >50 Low (>501 to <-80%AMI) Cost Burden >30 Cost Burden >50 Mod/Above Mod (>80% AMI) Cost Burden >30 Cost Burden >50 AII Households Cost Burden >30 Cost Burden >50 from source.  Renters 15 26.7% 26.7% 4 0.0% 0.0% 10 0.0% 0.0% 25 40.0% 40.0% 55 25.5% 100.0%  Owners 10 100.0% 100.0% 4 100.0% 100.0% 25 56.0% 40.0% 195 28.2% 5.1% 235 35.3% 14.5%  All Households 25 56.0% 56.0% 8 50.0% 50.0% 35 40.0% 28.6% 220 29.5% 9.1% 290 33.4% 16.6%  Source: Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS)2014-2018 data.  Note: Severe cost burden is a subset of cost burden. Totals do not add up to 290 due to errors  Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter III  Page III-3    Housing Element 2021-2029 Lower Income Cost Burden  Housing Needs Assessment  For lower income households, cost burden is a housing problem. Of the 74lower income households in Bradbury, 49 percent face cost burden. Specifically, for lower income renters, cost burden was at 12 percent while cost burden for lower income homeowners was 88 percent. For the City's 3lextremely low income households, 52 percent were facing severe cost burden. However, it is likely that the lower income homeowners are retirees with limited incomes but adequate assets for housing costs. Regarding renters, as described in the Demographics Characteristics chapter, almost all of renters (94 percent) in Bradbury were identified as having "no cash rent", which are likely Accessory Dwelling Units occupied by grooms/animal caretakers, farm workers, and/or domestic employees, and the living accommodations are provided as part of the occupant's compensation. In summary, income alone is not a reasonable gauge by which to determine necessity for housing assistance in this community. Therefore, the City will consider other indicators that might point to need, such as property maintenance changes or outright  inquiries about housing assistance. D. Special Housing Needs  Pursuant to Housing Element Legislation, this Housing Element must include an analysis of special housing needs. The special needs groupsi sinclude persons with disabilities, the elderly, large families, Persons with Disabilities --The 2015-2019 ACS includes data about people with disabilities, including developmental disabilities. The housing needs of people with disabilities vary with the type and severity of the particular disability, and not all people with disabilities require specialized housing consideration. There were 69 people with a disability in Bradbury (Table III-3), which represented 8.3 percent oft the City'spopulation. Ofthe 69 residents, 50 oft these were 65 years and older. In Bradbury's labor force, 19 (5 percent) of the 383 employed residents had a disability. There are numerous programs for special education clients and people with disabilities in the San Gabriel/Pomona Valley. Most of these programs are provided through the Los Angeles County  families with female heads ofhouseholds, farm workers, and the homeless.  Department of Social Services, San Gabriel Valley Region.  TABLEIII-3  DISABILITY AND EMPLOYMENT STATUS  Status  Number of Persons 383 69 19 50  Total Employed Persons in Labor Force (Population 16 to 64 years) Persons with Disabilities that are not employed or not in work force  All Persons with a Disability Persons with Disabilities that are employed Source: American Community Survey 2015-2019: 5-year estimates.  Disability data also provides valuable context for assessing current and future need for accessible housing units. For example, 84 percent of persons with disabilities have ambulatory difficulties (Table III-4). People with an ambulatory difficulty experience serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs. Persons with an ambulatory difficulty may have unique requirements for accessibility.such  Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter II  Page IIL-I    Housing Element 2021-2029  Housing Needs Assessment  as ramps or elevators. The City's Building Department implements and enforces State codes that require accessibility for people with disabilities. Continued application of the building code requirements will ensure that adequate accessibility is provided for the disabled.  TABLEIII-4 DISABILITYEYTYPE  Number ofl Persons  %of Persons witha Disability  Total Population with a Disability With al hearing difficulty With a vision difficulty With a cognitive difficulty With an ambulatory difficulty Withas self-care difficulty With an independent living difficulty Source: American Community Survey 2015-2019: 5-yeare estimates.  69 10 13 20 58 29 24  14.5% 18.8% 29.0% 84.1% 42.0% 34.8%  The other two most common disability types reported among persons with disabilities were self- care difficulties (42 percent) and independent-living difficulties (35 percent). People with a self- care difficulty encounter challenges inj performing activities of dailyli living(ADLS.such as dressing or bathing. Depending on thes severity oft the disability.people with as self-care difficultyr may require additional assistance in the home to conduct daily activities. People with independent-living difficulties also require assistance to perform instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) like grocery shopping or visiting a doctor's office. People with these types of disabilities require home While there are no adult licensed community care facilities within the City of Bradbury, the Royal Oaks Assisted Living Community is located in) Duarte immediately adjacent to the City. The facility has three levels of care: independent, assisted, and a 48-bed skilled nursing unit. In addition, the Los Angeles County Department of Social Services, San Gabriel Valley Region offers many housing programs that are available to the elderly in the region. Also, Meals-on-Whecls is offered througha program at the Duarte Senior Center on Huntington Drive, and at the Monrovia Senior Neighborhood Center on Foothill Boulevard. Arrangements can be made with Meals-on-Wheelsto Developmental Disabilities - Due to the dramatic rise in autism spectrum disorders (ASD), the California legislature in 2010, passed SB 812, which requires the Housing Element to specifically analyze the housing needs of persons with developmental disabilities, and to identify resources available to serve this population. The State Department of Developmental Services (DDS) currently provides community-based services to 6,000 adults diagnosed with ASD. And, over 4,000 California teenagers diagnosed with ASD will reach adulthood over the next five years,  care services and transportation and task assistance services.  deliver meals.  many of whom will want to live independently and need appropriate housing.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter II  Page III-2    Housing Element 2021-2029  Housing Needs Assessment  The San Gabriel/ Pomona Regional Center (SGPRC) is among 21 regional centers operated by the State DDS to serve the developmentally disabled population. The goal of these centers is to: 1) prevent/minimize institutionalization of developmentally disabled persons and their dislocation from family and community; and 2) enable this population to lead more independent and productive lives. The DDS publishes a quarterly report by age group and residence type. Due to Bradbury's small population, the only data available shows that the SGPRC served between one and ten residents from the 91008 ZIP code between October to December 2021. The regional centers have identified a number of communitybased housing types appropriate for persons living with a developmental disability: Licensed community care facilities and group homes; supervised apartment settings with support services; SB 962 homes (for persons with special health care and intensive support needs); and rent subsidized homes and Section 8 rental Bradbury supports the provision of housing for persons with disabilities, and has adopted provisions in its Development Code to allow supportive housing consistent with other residential uses, and to explicitly provide for community care facilities. The City has also codified procedures to ensure reasonable accommodation for persons with disabilities. Housing Element programs to facilitate affordable housing can also assist residents with developmental disabilities. Elderly The 2015-2019 ACS indicate that in 2019, 172 persons (20.6 percent) of the City's population of 833 were 65 years of age or older. An additional 113 persons (13.6 percent) were between 55 and 64 years of age. As mentioned earlier, 50 senior residents had a disability, The 2015-2019. ACS indicates that there were: 55 family households in Bradbury headed by ap person over 65; all were owner-households. This represented 20 percent oft the City's households. There were 11 elderly residents living alone: eight owners and three renters. Elderly homeowners are subject toi increasing utility rates and increased costs for property maintenance. The City recognizes the needs of the elderly, which may include affordability, proximity to services and transportation, The HUD CHAS 2014-2018 data indicates that among the 18 elderly owner-households, four had extremely low incomes and four had low incomes. Four elderly extremely low income owner- households had cost burden for housing. Among the 8lelderly renter-nouseholds, four were extremely low income, four were very low income, and eight were low income; all experienced housing cost burden. Bradbury's elderly population, like the rest oft the City, is relatively affluent and do not have significant housing problems. The cost burden statistics do not accurately reflect As stated above (under the Persons with Disabilities section), there are no adult community care facilities licensed within the City ofl Bradbury. However, Royal Oaks is an elder-care facility located adjacent to the City within an unincorporated pocket ofLos Angeles County. The facility has three levels of care; independent, assisted, and a 48-bed skilled nursing unit. Los Angeles County Department of Social Services, San Gabriel Valley Region offers many housing programs that are available to the elderly in the region. In addition, Meals-on-Wheels is offered through a program at the Duarte Senior Center on Huntington Drive, and at the Monrovia Senior Neighborhood Center on Foothill Boulevard. Arrangements can be made with Meals-on-Wheels to deliver meals.  vouchers for persons able to live more independently.  comprising 29 percent of the population 65 years and older.  and special design features to accommodate physical needs.  the local situation.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter III  Page III-3    Housing Element 2021-2029  Housing Needs Assessment  Large Family Households - Large families, those with five or more persons, can experience a greater incidence ofovercrowding due to the large family size. According to the 2015-2019, ACS, there were 31 large families with five or more people (11.5 percent of all households), of which 28 were owner-occupied, and three were renter-households. Almost 98 percent (377 units) of Bradbury housing stock is detached single family houses. Ofthe 377 single-family homes, 332 Families with Female. Heads ofHouseholds -I Female headed households arei morel likelyton need affordable living accommodations that are: near schools, childcare, public transportation, various social services, and employment opportunities. The 2015-2019. ACS identifies 471 female-headed households in Bradbury, representing17 percent of Bradbury's total households. Of these 47 households, 22 had children under the age of 18 years old. Specifically, 11 female-headed households were at or below poverty. Programs for families are available nearby in both Duarte Farmworker Housing - The majority oft the City is zoned for agricultural use ofland. The City is comprised of many farms surrounded by urban low density single-family development. According to City business licenses there are six active agricultural businesses with an estimated 13 helpers. This is consistent with the 2015-2019 ACS estimates where 15 employed persons or 3.6 percent of the work force in Bradbury listed farming, forestry or fishing as their occupations. Itis assumed that all 15 oft these individuals are farm workers since many oft the sites of five acres or more the community operate equestrian ranches, and some of the parcels support orchards or groves. Thel U.S. Department ofLabor estimated that mean hourly salary for farmworkers in May 2021 was $19.51. Assuming farmworkers are hired full time and year round. the annual salary is about $37.469. This income falls between HCD's extremely low and very low income limits for 2021.With those low incomes, frmworkers need access to affordable housing. In Bradbury, most of the working equestrian centers and orchards provide housing (single occupancy rooms, accessory dwelling units, or guesthouses) for thej permanent workers employed on site. Staff observed that these farm/ranch workers either live in Accessory Dwelling Units on the property, or in single rooms attached to the house or other accessory buildings. Top provide improved accommodation for farm/ranch workers. the City's new SRO development definition Homeless - State legislation (SB2) has mandated that thes special needs assessment ofthe Housing Element include an analysis of the City's homeless conditions and need for emergency shelter. Homelessness refers to persons and/or families who are without shelter because of economic, disability (physical, mental, substance abuse), and/or domestic circumstances. Such persons may live in vehicles, motels, shelters, and other temporary accommodations. The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) defines al homeless person as, "an individual who lacks fixed, regular and adequate nighttime residence and an individual who has ai nighttime residence that is a public or private nighttime place that is not designated for ordinary use as a regular  have three or more bedrooms.  and Monrovia.  would create independent living units.  sleeping accommodation for human beings."  Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter III  Page II-4    Housing Element 2021-2029  Housing Needs Assessment  The Los Angeles Homeless Services Authority (LAHSA) coordinates the biennial Greater Los Angeles' Homeless Count, one oft the largest homeless count operations in the United States. The count encompasses homeless on the street, in shelters (emergency, transitional and safe haven), and "hidden] homeless."LAHSA's) January 2020 count oft thel homeless on the street and in shelters identified 66,436 men, women and children, reflecting a 12.7 percent increase above the 2019 While the 2020 Homeless Count does not provide detailed information on why homelessness has increased in the region, the report identifies the following contributing factors:  count.  Homelessness starts rising when median rents in a region exceed 22 percent of median income and rises even more sharply at 32 percent. In Los. Angeles County, the median rent This is largely due to the lack of affordable housing supply. The Los Angeles region is And systemic racism has led to a disproportionate number of Black people becoming homeless. Black people are 8j percent oft the County population and 33.7 percent of people Int the San Gabriel Valley Service Provider Area (SPA-3), the total homeless population increased from the 2019 count of 4,489 to 4,555 in 2020, a 1.5 percent increase. As summarized in the following Table. III-5, the number ofs sheltered homeless in SPA-3: increased by approximately 331 persons between 2019 and 2020, whereas the count identified a decrease of265 individuals who According tol LASHA 20201 Homeless Point-in-Time Count, there are: noi individuals experiencing homelessness in Bradbury. Any homeless people in the City would be served by facilities and programs in the nearby City of Pasadena. These programs include a rotating winter shelter program (provided by the Ecumenical Council of Pasadena Area Churches), several emergency and transitional shelters, and permanent supportive housing. The San Gabriel Valley Consortium on Homelessness maintains an on-line database of services available to the homeless in the San Gabriel Valley (www.sgvc.org). The City of Bradbury periodically provides financial assistance tos shelters in the surrounding area that provide housing and assistance to thel homeless. Agencies  is46.7 percent nearly half oft the median income. 509,000 units short oft the current demand. experiencing homelessness.  were unsheltered.  assisted include:  Union Station Homelessness Services Foothill Unity Center Friends in Deed  'The Greater. Los Angeles Homeless Counti includes all ofLos Angeles County, except the cities of Glendale, Pasadena, and Long  Beach, who administer their own counts. Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter III  Page II-5    Housing Element 2021-2029  Housing Needs Assessment  TABLEIII-5  2020 AND 20191 LAHSA HOMELESS COUNTS SPA3-SAN GABRIEL VALLEY (EXCLUDING PASADENA)  2020 Percent 100% 33.5% 66.5% 92.7% 7.3% 0% 38.7% 28.2% 24.6% 4.1% 1.5% 5.5% 21.6%  2019 Number Percent 4,489 100% 1,197 26.7% 3,292 73.3% 3,869 86.2% 616 13.7% 4 0.1% 1,261 28.1% 590 13.1% 1,053 23.5% 258 5.7% 57 1.3% 366 8.2% 850 18.9%  Number 4,555 1,528 3,027 3,615 940 0 1,763 1,283 1,119 187 69 251 985  Total SPA 3 Homeless Count Sheltered Unsheltered Homeless by Household Type Single Adults Family Members Unaccompanied Youth (<18 years) Homeless Subpopulations in SPA3 Chronically Homeless Substance Abuse Mentally III Veterans Persons with HIV/AIDS Survivors of Domestic Violence Physical Disability Note: Some people are in more than one subpopulation. Extremely Low-Income Households  Source: 2020 & 2019 Greater Los Angeles Homeless Count asophometsonay  Housing the extremely-low income population (below 30% of area median income) can be especially challenging. HUD's CHAS dataset provides a wealth ofinformation on such households in Bradbury. According to HUD's 2014-2018 CHAS data, about 11 percent of Bradbury households (31) are considered extremely-low income. About 61 percent of the City's extremely low income households are renters. Table III-6 provides a breakdown of households by income level and tenure. Approximately a third of all renter-households earn extremely low incomes, Table III-7 shows the breakdown of housing problems for extremely low income households by household type. About 52 percent of all extremely low income households experience housing problems and cost burdens. Extremely low income elderly households have especially high shares of housing problems with 100 percent of both renter and owner experiencing housing problems SCAG's Pre-Certified Local Data Profile for the City of] Bradbury also provided a breakdown of extremely low income households by race/ethnicity (Table III-8). The race/ethnicity with the highest share of extremely-low income households in) Bradburyi is Hispanic (29 percent compared  compared to only five percent ofo owner-households.  and severe cost burdens.  to nine percent oft total population).  Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter III  Page III-6    Housing Element 2021-2029  Housing Needs Assessment  TABLEIII-6  HOUSEHOLDS BY INCOME LEVEL AND TENURE  Income Distribution Overview Household Income < 30%HAMFI Household Income >30% to <-50% Household Income >50% to <-80% Household Income >80%  Renter # % 19 34.5% 12 4 7.3%  Owner # % 5.1% 4 1.7%  Total # % 31 10.7% 8 2.8%  HAMFI HAMFI Total  10 18.2% 25 10.6% 35 12.1% 18 32.7% 200 85.1% 218 75.2% 55 100.0% 235 100.0% 290 100.0%  Source: HUD Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS)D Dataset, based on 2014-2018ACS.  TABLEII-7 HOUSEHOLD TYPE  HOUSINGI PROBLEMS AND COST BURDENS OF ELI HOUSEHOLDS BY  Renter Other 15 0 0  Owner Other 4 0 4  All 31  Elderly Small Lg HH Total Elderly Small Lg HH Total HH 100.0% 0.0% = = 21.1% 100.0% 100.0% = 100.0% 100.0% 51.6%  <-30% AMI 4 %with any housing problems  19  4  12  Cost >30% Burden 100.0% 0.0% = >50% Cost Burden 100.0% 0.0% -  = 21.1% 100.0% 100.0% = 100.0% 100.0% 51.6% 21.1% 100.0% 100.0% = 100.0% 100.0% 51.6%  Source: HUDComprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS) Dataset, based on 2014-2018 ACS.  TABLEIII-S ELIHOUSEHOLDS) BY RACE  Total 174 10 98 28 310  Households Share below  Households below 30% 30% HAMFI  HAMFI 12 0 8 8 28  White, non-Hispanic Black, non-Hispanic Asian and other, non-Hispanic Hispanic TOTAL  6.9% 0.0% 8.2% 28.6% 9.0%  Source: HUDCHAS.2012-2016. HAMFIrefers tol Housing Urban Development Area Median) Family Income.In  SCAG's Pre-Certified Local Data Profiles, 2021.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter II  Page III-7    Housing Element 2021-2029  Housing Needs Assessment  While a third of all renter-households in the City earn extremely low incomes, only 21 percent of these 191 households experience housing problems and cost burdens. Of these 191 ELI households. only four experience housing problems and cost burdens. Those four renter-houscholds are elderly Comparatively, only five percent of all of Bradbury's owner-households (12 households) earn extremely low incomes. All of the City's ELI households experience housing problems. These households are elderly and "other" household types (i.e. not small or large family households). However, extremely low income owner-houscholds in the City, especially elderly owner households, are likely income-poor but asset-rich, given that they own real estate in the City. Housing cost burdens among this segment of the population may not present the same issues compared to extremely low renter-households. although some of the ELI renter-households: may Occasionally as needed, the City provides funding for minor repairs for) households with housing problems. Recipients of these grants are primarily elderly households. Bradbury aims to facilitate the rehabilitation of four units during thej planning period (see Code Enforcement Program). While there are no existing assisted rental housing projects in) Bradbury, the City plans to implement an Affordable Housing Overlay Zone to promote the development of units suitable for lower income households, including ELI households (see Multi-Family Housing Program). The Multi-Family Housing Program also includes an action to facilitate the development of18S SRO units during the  households.  also be caretakers who live rent-free on site.  planning period. E. Units at Risk  The State requires all jurisdictions to include a study of all low and/or moderate income housing units which may at some future time be lost to the affordable inventory due to the expiration of some type of affordability restrictions. The law requires that the analysis and study cover a ten- year period. A review of the information from State and Federal agencies did not identify any assisted rental housing developments with State or Federal contracts. There are also currently no locally assisted rental housing developments in the City of Bradbury. Furthermore, according to the County ofLos Angeles Housing Authority, there are: no housing units located within the City that receive Section 8 housing assistance, and neither the State, nor the Federal government  operate housing assistance programs in the City.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter III  Page III-8    Housing Element. 2021-2029  Housing Constraints & Resources  CITY OF4 BRADBURY  Housing Element 2021-2029  CHAPTER IV  HOUSING CONSTRAINTS & RESOURCES  Local Housing Elements must analyze potential and actual governmental and non-govemmental constraints upon thei maintenance, improvement, or development ofhousing for alli income levels. The categories of constraints required in the analyses include land use controls, building codes, development processing, infrastructure, environmental, and market conditions.  A. City Development History  The 1.9-square mile City of Bradbury was incorporated in 1957. The City created an enclave for small agricultural uses within a growing metropolitan area. The original agricultural uses were avocado and citrus orchards, along with equestrian ranches. Thoroughbred horses that raced at the nearby Santa Anita Park Thoroughbred Racetrack werel housed and trained at these ranches. When the City incorporated, it included 38 small (7,500 square foot) parcels of land that were developed with single-family residential detached dwelling units of 1,400 to 1,800 square feet of enclosed floor area. Thei remainder of the City consisted of parcels ofl land that ranged in size from 20,000 square feet to 12 acres, with a few sites of201 to 70 acres. Over the years a few subdivisions werei recorded that created: new. home sites that ranged in size from 20,000 square feet toi five acres. New single-story, ranch style homes were constructed in the early to mid-1960s with homes of 2,000 to 3,000 square feet. Larger estate dwellings were constructed on the hillside lots. Many of the two- and five-acre parcels also had equestrian facilities. The existing rural equestrian estate development reflects the community's overall character. Additionally, the large lot subdivisions Over the past 15 to 20 years the City's development trend has been toward large estate mansions of 12,000 to 25,000 square feet in usable floor area. Generally, the estate home sites have also included second dwelling units. The second units have usually been constructed to house elderly family members, or domestic personnel that maintain the property and the animals.  embody the community's desire to protect the sensitive hillside environment.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter. IV  Page IV-1    Housing. Element 2021-2029  Housing Constraints & Resources  More recently, small and mid-range homes have been purchased and remodeled to add additional bedrooms and second dwelling units. Most oft the remodeling has included second story additions. For the most part, the second units appear to be used to accommodate the needs of elderly family The City ofBradbury is surrounded by the City ofMonrovia to the west, the City ofDuarte to the east and south, and the Angeles National Forest to the north. In the center oft the City there is a County island that is fully developed with the Royal Oaks Manor, a senior retirement community. Therefore, there is no opportunity for annexation to add land for additional development.  members or household maintenance staff.  B. Residential Land Use  General Plan and. Development Code. Land Use Policies  The Land Use Element of the City's General Plan establishes the basic land use policies, development density, and principal single-family residential land use categories for the City. The City's General Plan establishes five (5) single-family residential land use categories comprising 96 percent of the developable land in the City. As part of Bradbury's General Plan 2012-2030 Update, the City reviewed and: ratified the land use patterns and development goals of the General Plan that have been in place since 1993. The General Plan establishes a maximum development build-out potential of497 single-family residential dwelling units within the Bradbury City limits (Land Use Element, page 12). With a current housing stock of about 385 units, the build-out potential is adequate to accommodate the additional housing needs of41 units as projected by the The land use designations and intensity of development envisioned by the General Plan are implemented by the City's Development Code (Title IX of the Bradbury Municipal Code). The Code establishes the regulations affecting the uses, density, and size ofb housing permitted in the different single-family zones oft the City which are discussed ini further detail later in this Chapter.  RHNA (see Chapter III).  Table IV-1: BRADBURY ZONING DISTRICTS  Zone  Corresponding General Plan Land Use  Designation  R-7,500 (Single-Family Residential, 7,500 sq. ft. minimum) Single-Family Residential 7,500 sq. ft. R-20,000 (Single-Family Residential, 20,000 sq. ft. minimum) Single-Family Residential 20,000 sq. ft.  A-1 (Agriculture. Residential Estate, one acre minimum) A-2 (Agriculture Residential Estate, two acre minimum) A-5 (Agriculture Residential Estate, five acre minimum)  Estate Residential, one acre Estate Residential, two acres Estate Residential, five acres  Source: Bradbury Development Code, 2022.  Housing Element 2021-2029  ChapterIV  Page IV-2    Housing. Element. 2021-2029  Housing Constraints & Resources  In addition to the residential zoning districts listed above, the City established an Affordable Housing Overlay Zone in 2010 (Chapter 88 of the Development Code). The Overlay Zone may be assigned to any legally created parcel of land located within the various residential zones provided that such application to the parcel ofland complies with thej provisions ofthe California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA); and that such site has adequate access and is] provided with acceptable water and sewer or septic service for the intended use. In addition to the land uses permitted in the base zone, emergency shelters, supportive housing, and transitional housing are permitted in the Affordable Housing Overlay Zone. All development standards of the primary zone district apply to development on a parcel with the Overlay Zone designation. However, separate development standards for the Overlay Zone willl be proposed to accommodate the lower As part ofthis Housing Element update, the City has included aj program to: modify the Affordable Housing Overlay Zone to allow for multi-family affordable housing at a density range of 20-35  and moderate income housing needs.  units] per acre, and apply the Overlay Zone to the City Hall site.  Variety ofLot Sizes  The majority of lots in the City are larger lots due to its agrarian history and hilly typography. Large lots do have the opportunity to subdivide. In addition, the City facilitates the infilling of existing lots with additional units, particularly through SRO development. In October 2022, the City amended the Zoning Code to increase the number of units allowed in an SRO) Development in the A-1 zone from 3 to 4 units and in the A-2 zone from 51 to 61 units. SRO) Developments in the A-5 zone remain at 10 units. This change allows multi-family structures on existing lots without This Housing Plan includes an action to facilitate the subdivision of future large parcels through  the need for subdivision.  specific plans to include a range ofl lot sizes. Existing Residential Development  Virtually the entire City is single-family residential, with the exception of two large areas designated as Open Space. One area is owned by the Los Angeles County Flood Control District and used for flood control purposes. The other area is owned by the Southern California Water District and it is used for a domestic water reservoir. Other publicly owned lands include a one (1) acre parcel, owned by the City and used for City Hall facilities, and a 13-acre site, owned by the Duarte Unified School District. The Royal Oaks Elementary School is located ont this site. The site is designated in the City's General Plan for single-family residential land use with al lot size density of20,000 square feet. Ift the School District elected to sell the site for development, the potential yield would be approximately 24 single-family dwelling sites. The School District has not indicated that the site is surplus and re-use oft the site is not anticipated within this planning period. Of Bradbury's 1,216 total acres, 1,145 acres (94 percent) are designated as residential use and  residential roadways.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter IV  Page IV-3    Housing. Element 2021-2029  Housing Constraints & Resources  C.P Provision for a Variety of Housing Types  California Housing Element Law requires jurisdictions to ensure the provision of various housing types which serve all economic segments oft the community. Table IV-2 provides a summary of the various housing types permitted in Bradbury's residential zones. The following sections Table IV-2: PERMITTED HOUSING TYPES IN RESIDENTIAL ZONES  provide further discussion oft these housing types.  Housing' Type Single Family Dwelling Manufactured Housing / Mobile Homes Residential Care Facilities (6 or fewer residents) Residential Care Facilities (7 or more residents)  R-7,500 R-20,000 A-1  A-2 P P P CUP P P P P P P NP  A-5 P P P CUP P P P P P P P  P P P NP P P P P NP NP NP  P P P CUP P P P P NP NP NP  P P P CUP P P P P P NP NP  Supportive Housing Transitional Housing Accessory Living Quarters' Accessory Dwelling Units' SRO Development (2-41 Units) SRO. Development (2-6 Units) SROI Development (2-10 Units) Source:. Bradbury Development Code, 2022. 1. Notes: Pursuant tot the requirements ofBMC Chapter 85. Single Family Residences  P= Permitted CUP= = Conditional Use Permit NP: = Not Permitted  Single family dwellings are the primary housing type in Bradbury and are permitted in all residential zones.. All residential development inl Bradbury, including single family residences, are subject to an architectural review process. Depending on the size oft the residence (or residential addition), architectural review is approved administratively by thel Planning Department or by the Planning Commission in conjunction with a public hearing. The architectural review process is  discussed in more detail later in this Chapter. Mobile. Homes and. Factory-Built Housing  The State recognizes that manufactured (mobile homes) and factory-built housing can be integral parts of the solution for addressing affordable housing needs. Pursuant to Government Code Section 65852.3, the siting and permit processes for manufactured housing should be regulated in the same manner as a conventional site or stick-built structure, including, but not limited to, building setback standards, side and rear yard requirements, and standards for enclosures. The Bradbury Development Code was amended in April 2010 to explicitly permit manufactured and factory-built housing installed on a permanent foundation within all residential and agricultural  zone districts.  Housing. Element 2021-2029  Chapter IV  Page IV-4    Housing Element 2021-2029  Housing Constraints & Resources  Multi-Family Housing  The presence of environmentally sensitive conditions and infrastructure limitations present significant constraints to the development of multi-family residential development in Bradbury. The existing steep hillsides, which constitute over 25j percent oft the City, have slopes in excess of fifty percent and do not lend themselves to development. The City has made a commitment to preserving the pristine natural hillside environment, and the prominent ridgelines and riparian habitats are identified as exceptional natural elements worthy of protection. Community residents live in harmony with various wildlife species that include deer and bears. Destruction of the hillsides and rural environment to create building pads for high density development has been The City ofBradbury is serviced by narrow private streets, and most oft the City is not serviced by the public sewer system. The flood control system for most oft the City is comprised ofj privately maintained drains and swales. Virtually the entire City is in a Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone. The residential water system is owned and operated by a private water company and does not provide sufficient volume or pressure to meet the fire flow requirements for high density Though Bradbury has significant land use limitations, the City is committed to providing affordable housing opportunities for lower income households, particularly through Accessory Dwelling Units (ADUS) and Single-Room Occupancy (SRO) units, which are discussed in the  considered and rejected by the residents.  development.  following sections. Accessory Dwelling Units  State provisions regarding accessory dwelling units have undergone significant change in recent years to further encourage and facilitate this type of infill development as a form of affordable housing. Recent changes impose limits on how local jurisdictions can regulate ADUS, including provisions related to development standards, permitting procedures, and fees. Inl March 2021 the City amended Chapter 85 of the Development Code (Ordinance No. 373) to comply with State law and specifically define the range of ADUS and Accessory Living Quarters permitted in Chapter 85 permits the following types of accessory dwelling units, compliant with California  Bradbury. The City updated Chapter 85 in July 2022 (Ordinance No. 383).  Government Code Sections 65852.2 and 65852.22:  Accessory Dwelling Units (ADUs) are defined by thel Development Code as a dwelling unit ofup to 1,000 square feet that is attached, detached, or located within an existing or proposed residential dwelling which provides complete independent living facilities for one or more persons and includes permanent provisions for living, sleeping, eating, Junior Accessory Dwelling Units (JADUS) are defined as an ADU that is no more than 500 square feeti in size and contained entirely within an existing or proposed single-family residence. Besides size and location within the primary residence, JADUS differ from ADUS in that they may or may not have separate sanitation facilities. Either the primary residence or the. JADU must be owner occupied, or alternatively both the primary unit and  cooking and sanitation on the same parcel of land as the primary unit.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter IV  Page IV-5    Housing. Element 2021-2029  Housing Constraints & Resources  the JADU may be leased to one party with the restriction that further subleasing is Enhanced Accessory Dwelling Unit (EADUS) are defined as an. ADU over 1,000 square feet and up to 1,200 square feet. In addition to being larger in size, EADUS are differentiated from ADUS in that they are: required to comply with all requirements oft the underlying zone, including fire sprinklers and they must provide one additional parking space per unit. Additionally, EADUS are: required to undergo the significant architectural review process through aj public hearing before the Planning Commission. Fire Zone. Accessory Dwelling Units (FZADUS) are defined as an ADUin the Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone which complies with City zoning setback requirements and is equipped with fire sprinklers, the requirement of which would otherwise be prohibited by State legislation. Specifically, FZADUS are: required to have minimum rear and side yard setbacks of15 feet as a precaution in high fire risk areas. FZADUS are otherwise subject Bradbury's1 regulations pertaining to. ADUS are compliant with State law and are therefore, not a constraint tot their development. The additional setback required ofF FZADUS developed within the Very High Fire Severity Zone and the requirement for sprinklers are warranted to mitigate fire- ADUS, FZADUS, and JADUS are permitted in all zones, compliant with state law. Enhanced ADUS are permitted in the R-20,000 zone; however, they require Architectural Review by the The City is committed to providing living accommodations for all economic segments of the population and encourages construction of ADUS and other accessory living quarters at every opportunity. Between 2014 and 2021, seven accessory living quarters (or second units) were developed. The City's second units/accessory living quarters most often provide housing for senior family members; however, City staff has found that these units are sometimes used as housing for on-site workers such as housekeepers, grooms, or farm/ranch workers. In order to further facilitate the development of ADUS, the Housing Element includes aj program to provide pre-approved designs for detached ADUS. This would allow residents to skip the plan-check  prohibited.  to the same standards as ADUS.  associated risks in these areas.  Planning Commission.  process resulting in ai more: affordable option. Accessory Living Quarters  In addition to the various ADU types listed above, Chapter 85 of the Development Code also provides other types ofaccessory living quarters which are outside oft thej parameters for ADUsa as defined in State law. These accessory living quarters include single room occupancy (SRO)units, SRO developments, guest houses, and bunk houses.2 Unlike ADUS, accessory living quarters are 2 The City amended the various provisions of Chapter 85 of the Development Code relating to secondary living quarters and. ADUsi in October 2022.' The: amendment removed bunk houses as a housingt type because they ares similar to the new definition of SRO development under the new ordinance. Additionally, as an SRO unit is essentially  equivalent to a. JADU, an attached room will no longer be considered: an SRO.  Housing. Element. 2021-2029  ChapterIV  Page. IV-6    Housing Element. 2021-2029  Housing Constraints & Resources  required by the Development Code to comply with the development standards of the applicable zone. Accessory living quarters are limited to one story, though that one story may be a second story and if detached, must be located at least 20 feet from any other building. Parking must be provided at ai rate ofone spaçe per accessory living quarter. Thej parking spaçes may be uncovered, except that for detached SRO developments they shall be in carports. Properties with accessory living quarters must be owner occupied, whether in the primaryresidence or in an accessory living Development of any accessory living quarter (SRO developments and guest houses) requires neighborhood compatibility review through the Architectural Review process. In addition to the standard findings for Architectural Review, the following findings are required for approval of 1. The accessory living quarter(s) will be appropriate to the size and character of the lot on 2. The accessory living quarter(s) will not overload the capacity of the neighborhood to absorb the physical and use impacts of the unit(s) in terms of! parking, adequacy of water and sewer services, traffic volumes and flows, emergency evacuation capacity, and utilities 3. The accessory living quarter(s) will not be materially detrimental to the public health, safety, and general welfare, or to the use, enjoyment, or valuation of property of other These findings may not meet the requirements for Objective Development Standards under SB 330. The City will be developing objective standards to facilitate the development of SRO Al briefdiscussion of each ofthe accessory living quarter types is included below: Single Room Occupancy (SRO) Units and SRO Developments  quarter.  accessory living quarters:  which it will be located, and to the character ofthe neighborhood.  consumption.  persons located in the vicinity.  developments.  Per the current Bradbury Development Code, SRO units are: rooms ofbetween 150 and 250: square feet of floor area with permanent provisions for living and sleeping that is attached to the primary unit or is part of a ingle-rom-occupancy development. An SRO shall not include cooking and eating facilities, but must include sanitation facilities in an adjacent room ofup to 50 square feet which include a door, toilet, shower, and sink. Occupancy of SRO units is limited to no more than two people and may only be personnel employed on the property and their family. In urban settings, SRO buildings are often hotel facilities and can provide a valuable form of affordable private housing for lower-income individuals, seniors, and persons with disabilities. Inl Bradbury, SROs are occupied by individuals providing on-site domestic services. For example, there are several properties int the City withi maid's or groom' s quarters located: in or adjacent to thej principal residence. These quarters are generally a single room with a bathroom, with limited or nol kitchen facilities. The room is usually part of the compensation for the on-site worker, sO no rent is  charged.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter IV  Page IV-7    Housing Element 2021-2029  Housing Constraints &. Resources  Priort to October 2022, the Development Code also allowed for SRO Developments in the. A-1,A- 2, and A-5 zones. As previously defined, SRO Developments were detached accessory structures used primarily for multiple tenancies int two ori more SRO units with as shared kitchen, dining room, and laundry facilities. The maximum number of SRO units] permitted within an SROI Development is dependent on the zone (see Table IV-3). In addition to cooking, eating, and sanitation facilities, each development was also required to have a cleaning supply room or utility closet with a wash SRO Developments were required to have shared kitchen facilities, dining rooms and laundry facilities, whereas kitchen facilities were prohibited in individual SRO units. To facilitate the development of SRO developments as independent living units, the City amended the Development Code in October 2022. As individual SRO units are essentially the same as an. ADU and JADU, individual SROs were eliminated as a separate use. Instead, the amended) Development Code promotes the creation of SRO developments. The number of units allowed in an SRO Development is increased in the A-1 zone from 3 to 4 and in the A-2 zone from 5 to 6. SRO Developments in the A-5 zone remain at 10 units. Additionally, the SRO requirements were amended to require cooking facilities in SRO units and to increase the allowable unit size to 300 square feet. The City also eliminated thei requirement that the SROs be occupied by domestic help.  tub and running water.  Guest Houses and Bunk Houses  Guest Houses are living accommodations detached from the primary unit that may include some or all: facilities for complete independent living such as permanent provisions for living, sleeping, eating, cooking, bathing and sanitation for guests and visitors of the occupants of the primary dwelling unit. The maximum allowable size for a guest house varies by zone (see Table IV-3). Bunk Houses are living accommodations detached from the primary unit and designed to house two or more individuals who are personnel involved with the care and maintenance ofthe primary unit, or the associated on-site agricultural, equestrian, farming, or otherresidential. activities. Bunk houses include permanent provisions forl living, sleeping, and sanitation facilities, and mayi include facilities for cooking, bathing, and eating. Bunk houses are subject to the same maximum size The City amended thej provisions relating to guest houses to require cooking facilities in addition to sanitation facilities, and eliminated bunk houses as bunk houses do not qualify as dwelling units in order to encourage the development ADU/JADUS that can function as independent living units.  requirements as guest houses.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter IV  Page IV-8    Housing Element. 2021-2029  Housing Constraints & Resources  Summary  Table IV-3 3 provides a summary oft the types of accessory living quarters previously allowed in each zone and the maximum size permitted and the changes that were recently made to complement this Housing Element update. None of these recent changes reduce the intensity of Table IV-3: ACCESSORYI LIVING QUARTERS PERMITTED AND  land use below that which was allowed on January 1, 2018.  MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE SIZE  Zoning 2018  2021- Ord. 373  October 2022 Amendments Main house (1,500 sfmin) JADU (500 sf max) Main house (1,850 sf min) ADU/FZADUG,000. sfmax) JADU(500 sfr max)  R-7,500 Main house (1,500 sf min) Main house (1,500 sf min)  Attached SRO (250: sfmax) ADU/FZADU (1,000 sfr max) ADURZADU,O:fms,  2nd Dwelling Unit (1,200 sf JADU (500 sf max) Attached SRO (250 sfmax) SRO (250 sfmax) 2nd Dwelling Unit (1,200 sf or EADU(1,200 sf max)  max)  R-20,000 Main house (1,850 sfr min) Main house (1,850 sfi min)  Guest house or bunk house or ADU/FZADU (1,000 sfi max) or EADU( (1,200: sfmax)  max)  JADU (500 sfi max)  A-1  Main house (2,250 sfn min) Main house (2,250 sfn min) Attached SRO (250: sfmax) SRO (250: sfmax) 2nd Dwelling Unit (1,500 sf JADU (500 sfr max)  Main house (2,250 sf min)  Guest house or bunk houseor ADU/FZADU (1,000 sfmax) ADU/FZADUG,000)  JADU(500)  max)  SRO Development (2-3 units SRODevelopment (2-4 units - 250 sf each max) or Guest 300 sf each max) or Guest house/Bunk house (1,500 sf house (1,500 sfmax)  max)  A-2  Main house (2,500 sf min) Main house (2,500 sfn min) Attached SRO (250 sfr max) SRO (250 sfr max) 2nd Dwelling Unit (2,000 sf JADU (5001 max)  Main house (2,500 sfr min)  Guest house or bunk house or ADU/FZADU (1,000 sfmax) ADU/FZADUG,000)  JADU(500)  max)  SRO Development (2-5 units SRODevelopment (2-6 units - 250 sf each max) or Guest 300 sf each max) or Guest house or Bunk house (2,000sf house (2,000s sfmax)  max)  A-5  Main house (2,500: sfmin) Main house (2,500s sfmin)  Main house (2,500 sfmin)  Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter/ IV  Page IV-9    Housing. Element. 2021-2029  Housing Constraints & Resources  Zoning 2018  2021 - Ord. 373  October 2022 Amendments  Attached SRO (250 sfr max) SRO (250s sfmax) 2nd Dwelling Unit (2,500 sf JADU( (500 sfmax)  Guest house or bunk house or ADU/FZADU (1,000 sf max) ADU/FZADU (1,000 sfn max)  JADU (500 sfi max)  max)  SRO Development (2-10 SRO Development (2-10 units units - 250 sf each max) or 300 sf each max) or Guest Guest house or Bunk house house (2,500 sfmax)  (2,500sfmax)  Farmworker Housing  Though the 2015-2019 American Community Survey indicated that only 15 persons worked in farming, fishing, or forestry occupations, the City recognizes that there are "hidden" workers that are employed in the agricultural or equestrian operations within Bradbury. Several of the larger estates in the City have agricultural uses or equestrian ranches. The property owner is often employed in another occupation while maintaining the agricultural and/or equestrian uses on the property through the employment of grooms and other personnel. These personnel often live full- As amended in October 2022, the Bradbury Development Code_ allows several accessory living quarter types that are suitable for farmworkers employed in the community. These include SRO developments, ADUS, and. JADUS, as discussed in thej previous sections. The recent Development Code amendments consolidated bunk houses with SRO developments. A single SRO unit was removed as aj permitted use. Instead, the City encourages the development of ADUS and JADUS. When a community has a demonstrated need for housing for farmworkers, the Housing Element must ensure that local zoning, development standards, and permitting processes comply with the Employee Housing Act (Health & Safety Code Sections 17021.5-6). This Housing Element includes a program to review its development standards and processing procedures for small employee housing for consistency with the Employee Housing Act and amend the Development  time on the property in an accessory living quarter.  Code as appropriate. Residential Care Facilities  The Lanterman Developmental Disabilities Services Act (Lanterman Act) requires the use of property for the care of six or fewer disabled persons to be classified as a residential use under local zoning codes. No local agency can impose stricter zoning or building and safety standards on these homes than is required for any other residential use in the same zone. Due to the unique characteristics of larger (more than six persons) community care facilities, most jurisdictions require a Use Permit to ensure neighborhood compatibility in the location of larger facilities. Review of the California Community Care Licensing Division inventory of adult and elderly residential care facilities identified no residential care facilities in the City of Bradbury as of  February 2022.  Housing Element. 2021-2029  Chapter IV  Page IV-10    Housing Element 2021-2029  Housing Constraints & Resources  The Bradbury Development Code includes definitions for small and large residential care facilities consistent with Health and Safety Code Section 1502. Small residential care facilities (six or fewer occupants) are identified as a permitted use in all residential zones, and large residential care facilities (seven or more occupants) are conditionally permitted in the R-20,000, The findings for approval ofa conditional use permit are (Bradbury Municipal Code $ 9.49.030): (1) That the site for the proposed use is adequate in size, shape, topography and (2) That the site has sufficient access to streets and highways, adequate in width and pavement type to carry the quantity and quality of traffic generated by the proposed use; (3) That there are sufficient utilities and capacity in the utility systems to accommodate the  A-1,A-2 and A-5 zone districts.  circumstances;  use;  (4) That there is sufficient parking to accommodate the use; (5) That the use meets the requirements oft the Development Code; and valuation of adjacent property or upon the public welfare.  (6) That the proposed use will not have an adverse effect upon the use, enjoyment or Additionally, a large residential care: facility must meet the following additional requirements (S (1) The use shall be required to obtain a business license in accordance with Title XIII of (2) The Care Facility shall be required to provide one additional parking space on the (3) The Care Facility shall be required to meet the parking requirements of Chapter 9.103 oft the Bradbury Development Code, plus provide one additional parking space for each adult resident beyond six adult residents. All parking spaces shall be required to be This Housing Element includes a program to evaluate the conditions for approval for large residential care taçilities to ensure they are objective and provide certainty in outcomes.  9.42.025)  this Code.  Property for each employee.  provided on the property.  Emergency Shelters  SB2/2007requires) jurisdictions with an unmet need: for emergency: shelters to identifyazone(s) where emergency shelters will be allowed as a permitted use without a conditional use or other discretionary permit. The identified zone must have sufficient capacity to accommodate the shelter need, and at a minimum provide capacity for at least one, year-round shelter.  Housing. Element 2021-2029  Chapter IV  Page. IV-11    Housing Element 2021-2029  Housing Constraints &. Resources  In2 2010, the City adopted an Affordable Housing Overlay zoning designation in which emergency shelters are a permitted use. The Overlay designation can be applied to any residentially zoned property in the City, provided that the site has adequate access and is provided with acceptable Based on past communications between the City and the State Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD), in order to ensure explicit compliance with SB 2 governing by- right zoning for emergency shelters, the City needed to apply the Affordable Housing Overlay (AHO). zone to a specific parcel or parcels. The City determined that the 1.1-acre City Hall site is the most appropriate location for an emergency shelter and affordable housing. The City Hall property provides sufficient site capacity, with the City Hall building and parking in front occupying 0.41 acre. Additional parking and a pocket park behind City Hall building occupy another 0.13 acre (purple areai in] Figure IV-1). Next to thej pocket park is another parking areat that is 0.55 acre in size (red area in] Figure IV-1). The0.13-acre) portion ofthe site isi identified as appropriate location within the AHO to accommodate a small shelter. Based on new AB2339 standard of200 square feet ofs site area per shelter bed. the 0.13-acre portion is more than adequate to accommodate a small shelter (up to six persons) with space for parking for staff. The 0.55-acre portion of the site is identified as a potential location for affordable housing. The City does not anticipate disposing of any portions of the AHO site. Should a shelter or an affordable housing project is proposed, the City will pursue ground-leasing oft the site. The underlying A-1 zoning of the parcel does not have any lot coverage or floor area ratio standards that would limit development. As] part oft the Zoning Code amendment for this Housing Element update, the City will also adjust the 25-foot rear and side yard setback requirements, and other development standards to ensure a buildable area of sufficient size for a small shelter able toh house up to six persons in the 0.13-acre portion oft the site. The City has amended the Land Use Map to designate the City Hall site with the AHO, as well as continuing to allow the AHO to function as a floating zone oni residentially zoned properties. The zoning on the City Hall site will be amended to include the. Affordable Housing Overlay concurrent with this Housing Element.  water and sewer or septic service for the intended use.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter IV  Page IV-12    Housing Element 2021-2029  Housing Constraints & Resources  Figure IV-1: Affordable Housing Overlay- City Hall  GityCall AHO  AHO (6thCycleSite)  (PotentiaES)  esri 100ft  AB 139, passed in 2019, requires that permit processing, development, and management standards for emergency shelters must be objective, and facilitate the development of, or conversion to, emergency shelters. In establishing development standards for an emergency shelter, a local jurisdiction has the flexibility to apply written, objective development, and The maximum number ofbeds or persons permitted to be served nightly by the facility; Sufficient parking to accommodate shelter staff, but not to exceed parking requirements for The size and location of exterior and interior on-site waiting and client intake areas; The proximity to other emergency shelters, provided that emergency shelters are not  management standards to regulate the following:  other residential or commercial uses in the same zone;  Thej provision of on-site management; required to be more than 300: feet apart;  The length ofs stay; Lighting; and  Security during hours that the emergency shelter is in operation.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter IV  Page IV-13    Housing Element 2021-2029  Housing Constraints & Resources  The Bradbury Development Code contains development and performance standards for emergency shelters within Chapter 88 (Affordable Housing Overlay Zone). Per BMC Section "the use ofa single-family dwelling unit for emergency shelter for homeless persons with minimal supportive services may be approved administratively by the City Manager, provided that occupancy of the emergency shelter is limited to not more than six months by any single individual, and provided that the subject property and facilities meet the The site has adequate water and sewer or septic. service for the intended use; Thel proposed use will not impact the existing or proposed trafficflow;  9.88.030(1),  following minimal development standards:  The emergency shelter shall not be located closer than 300 feetf from any other shelter, Noo on-street parking will be required to meet the needs of the use, and operation of the emergency shelter and. such parking requirements shall be not less than required by the Not more than six homeless persons shall reside in the facility at any one time provided No individual shall reside in the emergency, shelter for more than 180 consecuttve days;  school, public park, or similar use;  Code;  that the occupancy does not constitute overcrowding; The client intake area shall not exceed 200. squarej feet; Thej facility shall have at least one on-site manager at all times; Thej facility shall be equipped with security provisions and lighting;  Client intake may be operated between the hours of 8:00 a.m. and 8:00 p.m. only; and Thes subject premises shall be maintained in ai neat and orderly manner. consistent with the neighborhood as reflected in the City's public nuisance and property maintenance The City's existing standards for emergency shelters do not comply with AB 139, particularly as they relate to parking, traffic, and proximity to other uses. Therefore, aj program has been included in the Housing Element to review and amend the Development Code to ensure compliance with  standards. -  AB 139 as it pertains to emergency shelters. Low Barrier Navigation Centers  Enacted in 2019, AB 101 defined' "Low Barrier Navigation Center" and created provisions related to1 their development. Per AB 101, aLow Barrier Navigation Center is defined as "al Housing First, low-barrier, service-enriched shelter focused on moving people into permanent housing that provides temporary living facilities while case managers connect individuals experiencing homelessness to income, public benefits, health services, shelter, and housing. " Pursuant to AB 101, local jurisdictions are required to make provisions for Low Barrier Navigation Centers  Housing Element. 2021-2029  Chapter IV  Page. IV-14    Housing Element 2021-2029  Housing Constraints & Resources  (LBNC) as development by right in mixed use zones and nonresidential zones which permit The Affordable Housing Overlay allows multi-family housing. The City will amend the overlay  multifamily uses ift the facility meets specified requirements.  toi include LBNC as aj permitted use. Transitional and Supportive Housing  In addition to emergency shelter requirements, SB: 2a also mandated that transitional and supportive housing are: residential uses that shall only be subject to the same standards and requirements as Below are the Bradbury Development Code definitions for transitional housing and supportive Transitional housing is defined in Government Code S 65582 and means buildings configured as rentalhousing developments, but operatedu under program requirements that call for the termination of assistance and recirculation of the assisted unit to another eligible program recipient at some predetermined, future point in time, which shall be no Supportive housing is defined in Government Code S 65582 and means housing with no limit on length of stay, that is occupied by the target population, and that is linked to on- site or off-site services that assist the supportive housing resident ini retaining the housing, improving their health. status, and maximizing theirability to live and, when possible, work For supportive housing, the target population may include low-income persons with mental disabilities, substance abuse issues, HIV/AIDs or other chronic health conditions, or persons whose disabilities originated before the person turned 18 years ofage. Social services provided in conjunction with supportive housing typically include assistance designed to meet the needs of the target population in retaining housing, living and working in the community, and/or improving Transitional and supportive housing are identified as permitted uses in all zones where residential uses are permitted (R-7,500, R-20,000, A-1, A-2, & A-5), subject only to those regulations that apply to other residential uses oft the same typei int the same zone. These 2015 amendments adding transitional and supportive housing to all: zones overrides thej provisions ofthe Affordable Housing Overlay zone designation which allows transitional or supportive housing subject to certain requirements. The Housing Element contains aj program to delete the inconsistent provisions. Pursuant to AB 2162, supportive housing developments of up to 50 units are required to be permitted by-right in all zones where multifamily and mixed uses are permitted, ift the proposed development meets specified criteria. AB 2162 also prohibits minimum parking requirements for supportivel housing within %1 mile ofap public transit stop. Bradbury does not have any commercial, industrial, or mixed-use zones, and the City permits transitional and supportive housing in all residential and agricultural zones. The Affordable Housing Overlay is a residential zone that  other residential uses of the same type in the same: zone.  housing:  less than. six months from the beginning ofassistance.  in the community.  health.  Housing Element. 2021-2029  Chapter IV  Page IV-15    Housing Element. 2021-2029  Housing Constraints & Resources  allows multi-family housing. The City will amend the overlay to include transitional and  supportive housing as aj permitted use. D. Housing for Persons with Disabilities  Persons with disabilities may have particular housing needs related to mobility restrictions or the ability to live independently. Due to these special housing needs, state housing element law requires the Housing Element to include an analysis of the City's regulations, permitting procedures, and building codes toi identify any potential constraints to the development ofhousing for persons with disabilities. In addition to allowing residential care facilities, as previously discussed, the City's Development Code and other processes and procedures were reviewed as  detailed below. Definition of Family  The Bradbury Development Code defines family as follows: "Family means group ofindividuals not necessarily related by blood, marriage, adoption, or guardianship living together in a dwelling unit as a single housekeeping unit under a common housekeeping management plan based on an intentionally structured relationship providing organization and stability." This definition does not constrain housing for persons with disabilities in that it does not include restrictions based on the number of individuals or familial relationships. However, the requirement for "a common housekeeping management plan based on an intentionally structured relationship providing organization and stability" may present ambiguity and is not necessary or enforceable in the Zoning Code. The Housing Element includes aj program action to simplify the definition of family  by removing this requirement. Reasonable Accommodations  Chapter 29 of the Development Code contains procedures for disabled persons, or their representatives, to request a reasonable accommodation from the City's zoning laws, building codes, and land use regulations, policies and procedures to allow a disabled person an equal opportunity to enjoy housing equal to that ofi non-disabled persons. Reasonable accommodations aret typicallyreviewed by the City Manager or designee. However, forreasonable accommodations that are requested in conjunction with a discretionary land use application that requires review by the Planning Commission, the Planning Commission shall also review the reasonable accommodation. There is no fee associated with processing a request for reasonable accommodation, and a variance is not required. Ifar review by the Planning Commission is required. apublic hearing will be held within 45 days after the application is deemed complete and a written The required findings for the approval ofar reasonable accommodation request include:  determination will be provided within 60 days after the public hearing.  The dwelling that is the subject of the request for reasonable accommodation will be The requested accommodation is necessary to provide a disabled person with an equal  occupied by a disabled person:  opportunity to use and enjoy a dwelling:  Housing. Element 2021-2029  Chapter IV  Page IV-16    Housing Element 2021-2029  Housing Constraints & Resources  The requested accommodation will not impose an undue financial or administrative burden Thei requested accommodation will not require a fundamental alteration to the City's zoning or building laws, policies. and/or procedures, as defined in the fair housing laws. In considering whether the accommodation would require such a fundamental alteration, the  on the City. as defined in the fair housing laws: and  reviewing authority may consider, among other factors:  Whether the requested accommodation would fundamentally alter the character of Whether the requested accommodation would result in a substantial increase in Whether the requested accommodation would substantially undermine any express purpose of either the City's General Plan or an applicable specific plan: and Whether the requested accommodation would create an institutionalized environment due to the number of. and distance between, facilities that are similar  the neighborhood:  traffic or insufficient parking  in nature or operation.  The required findings on compatibility with neighborhood character and traffic impacts may be considered subjective. The City will review and revise the required findings to ensure theyare  objective and provide certainty in outcomes.  Building Codes  The City enforces the 2022 California Building Code as amended by Los Angeles County in 2020, as discussed in further detail below. As part of the plan review process, Building and Safety ensures compliance with all CBC regulations pertaining to accessibility. Bradbury has adopted no local amendments to the CBC which would serve to constrain the development of housing for  persons with disabilities.  E.E Building Codes and Enforcement  Most of the City of Bradbury is located within a Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone as designated by the State of California and adopted by the Los Angeles County Fire Department, which provides by contract, Fire Department services for the City of Bradbury. Therefore, to have the same building and safety codes that are utilized by the Fire Department, the City of Bradbury has adopted the 2020 Los Angeles County versions oft the 2022 California Building Code (CBC) and 2022 Green Building Standards Code. State Law does not allow variances from building and safety codes, and therefore, Bradbury cannot reduce construction costs by revising its building code requirements, particularly, as they pertain to health and safety measures applicable to Building codes establish minimum standards for construction that are essential for ensuring protection of the public health, safety, and welfare. All building construction, alterations, demolitions, or repairs to property in Bradbury are subject to the provisions of the California  buildings and structures located in a Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone.  Housing. Element. 2021-2029  Chapter. IV  Page IV-17    Housing Element 2021-2029  Housing Constraints & Resources  Building Code (CBC) and thel Bradbury Municipal Code. These requirements: result ini incremental increases in the cost ofhousing construction, but arei necessary to ensure that buildings in Bradbury The City has retained a Code Enforcement Officer to ensure that all buildings are properly maintained. The City's code enforcement efforts are both proactive and reactive (i.e., respectively, the officerroutinely patrols the City to locate violations, and responds to complaints). The officer's efforts are designed to obtain compliance first and foremost, using problem solving to eliminate violations. Health and Safety violations are given the highest priority sO that human life and property are protected without delay. The enforcement process follows these steps:  are structurally sound and safe to occupy.  Notice to Correct is mailed;  Follow-up inspection of! property 30 days after Notice to Correct mailed; Case is closed ifv violations nol longer exist or upon abatement of violations; and If_violations continue, the officer follows up with appropriate notices and potential The City's Code Enforcement Officer receives approximately 20 to 25 complaints each year and generates approximately two to three cases each month. Approximately eight percent of these cases require either abatement or building permits. The officer estimates that approximately two to three dwelling units are rehabilitated due to code enforcement efforts each year. However, no  prosecution, depending on the situation.  units require replacement.  F. Site Improvement Constraints  Developers of single-family residential property in Bradbury are required to install street improvements and utilities such as water lines, electrical service lines, and gas lines, to service new development in the City. A substantial portion of the City's properties are in two private homeowners associations. Private streets and certain drainage facilities remain the responsibility oft the homeowners associations or a Community Service District (CSD). A majority of the City does not have access to public sewers and are reliant on private on-site septic systems. Construction costs of off-site improvements vary widely, depending on the topography and the extent of the needed public improvements. A rule of thumb is that off-site improvement costs should be estimated for budgetary purposes at about $250 per lineal foot. However, the City of Bradbury and the homeowners associations do not require the construction of sidewalks or the installation of streetlights on its public/private streets. The majority of the roadways within the City are private streets with at most 20-foot wide roadways. Street lights and sidewalks are not required fornew construction. Surface drainage fora al large part ofthe community is accommodated by private drains and swales maintained by the property owners. The minimal off-site improvements required by the City reduce the cost of development. Because the City has nearly reached its build out capacity, few off-site improvements are required. Therefore, the estimate of $250 per lineal foot may be more than adequate to cover off-site improvement costs.  Housing. Element 2021-2029  Chapter. IV  Page IV-18    Housing Element 2021-2029  Housing Constraints & Resources  G. Fees and Other Exactions  Local agencies charge fees to recover the costs ofreviewing applications for development as well as impact and development fees which are designed to ensure new projects pay their fair share of funding to public infrastructure and services based on thei increased demand created by thej project. Development projects in Bradbury are subject to fees charged by the City of Bradbury, the Sanitation Districts ofLos Angeles County, and the Duarte Unified School District. Table IV- 4 provides a comparison of typical planning permit fees for Bradbury and nearby communities. With the exception of applications for a: zone change and appeals, Bradbury's fees are lower than fees charged by the other communities surveyed. In Bradbury, zone changes are typically related to large subdivisions and involve extensive project processing, necessitating a Table IV-4: COMPARISON OF PLANNING PROCESSING FEES (2022)  larger fee to cover the costs associated with project review.  Permit' Type Zone Change Variance Use Permit Appeal Subdivision Tentative Tract Map  Bradbury $14,577 $1,634 $1,634 $2,165  Duarte $4,000 $3,000 $3,000 $250  Azusa $5,750 $6,097 ($1,150 for SF) $7,147 $575(PC)/ $1,150(CC) $10,476- $18,378 (dependent on (+$170/unit) #oflots)  Monrovia $5,600 $1,950 $3,200 $154 $2,317  Los Angeles County $15,217 $10,215 $10,215 Applicant: $6,939 Applicant (minor) or non- applicant: $860 Not in comparable format  $4,844  $7,500  Sources: Cityo of Bradbury, Planning and Development Fee Schedule, 2013; City ofDuarte, Community Development. Department. Fee Schedule, 2017; CityofAzuza, Planning Division Fees, 2021; City ofA Monrovia, Planning Fees, 2021; County ofLos Angeles, A more extensive list of Bradbury's planning fees is included in Table IV- 5. The current fee schedule was adopted in 2013. As discussed previously, the City's fees are generally lower than surrounding communities and therefore, are: not considered to be a development constraint.  Department of Regional. Planning Revised) Filing Fees, 2021.  Table IV-5: BRADBURY PLANNING FEES  Permit Type Conceptual Plan Review Architectural Review - Minor Architectural Review - Significant' Time Extension / Plan Modification  Fee $1,233 $1,081 $1,967 $1,634 $1,634  Variance  Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter. IV  Page IV-19    Housing. Element. 2021-2029 Conditional Usel Permit Tentative Parcel/Tract Map Specific Plan Zone Change / General Plan Amendment Zone Code. Amendment Environmental Categorical Exemption Negative Declaration/Mitigated Negative Declaration Environmental Impact Report City ofBradbury, Planning and Development Fee. Schedule, 2013. 1. Includes Neighborhood Compatibility Review 2. Processing deposit  Housing Constraints &. Resources  $1,634 $4,844 $13,507 $14,577 $17,228 $370 $1,275/91,757 $7,5002  Notes:  Table IV- 6 provides the total fees for a "typical" new single-family residence in Bradbury. As shown, new single residences pay approximately $26,123 in fees (excluding sewer connection Table IV-6: FEES FOR A TYPICAL SINGLE FAMILY RESIDENCE  fees). Fee Type Planning Fees Conceptual Plan] Review Architectural Review (Significant) Environmental Review (Categorical Exemption) Impact Fees and Building Permit Fees Building Plan Check Building Permit Fee School Fees (Duarte USD) Sewer Connection Fee (LAC Sanitation Districts) Source: Cityo ofE Bradbury, Planning Division, 2022.  New Single Family Residence  $1,233.94 $1,967.30 $370.80 $6,258.75 $10,292.31 $6,000 Varies  Note: Fees areb based on thej following project assumptions: One-story,2,000 square feet on ane existing flat building: area with ready accesst to  allu utilities.  Housing. Element 2021-2029  Chapter. IV  Page IV-20    Housing Element. 2021-2029  Housing Constraints &. Resources  H. Processing and Permit Procedures  The City's Planning Department: is responsible for processing applications for development within the City. Planning and zoning applications typically include land divisions, lot line adjustments, conditional use permits, variances, and design review. Many of these projects require significant amounts ofs staff time for review and analysis, as well as for public hearings. Development plans are reviewed for compliance with planning, building, electrical, mechanical, plumbing, green- building, stormwater, and landscaping codes. The City processes Planning and Building applications in accordance with State Law and within the time frames specified by existing laws, including the Permit Streamlining Act and the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). Time delays associated with the development review and approval process have been cited as a constraint to the development process. Project processing times vary from one project to another and are directly related to the size and complexity of the proposals, as well as the number of applications related to a particular project. Another common delay in processing results from increased development activity and al limitedi number ofstaffto] process thei numerous applications.  Table IV- 7 provides typical processing times for common planning permits.  Table IV-7: TYPICAL PERMIT PROCESSING TIMES  Application Type Conceptual Plan Review Conditional Use Permit Variance Minor architectural Review Significant Architectural Review Tentative Parcel/Tract Map  Processing Time 2to 3 weeks 8 weeks 8weeks 4v weeks 8weeks 8weeks 4n months  Approval Authority City Planner Planning Commission Planning Commission City Planner Planning Commission City Council City Council  Zone Change/Code Amendment/General Plan Amendment Source: City of Bradbury, Planning Division, 2022.  Development proposals submitted to the City are reviewed for compliance with City regulations and ordinances. Nearly all residential projects in the City require either administrative or Planning Commission Architectural Review. However, ADUS, JADUS, and FZADUS are exempt from any architectural review process. The architectural review process is described in greater detail below. Approval of the architectural review allows the developer/owner to submit building construction plans. These plans are forwarded to aj private consulting firm that provides plan check services to the City with a streamlining goal of21 days for review. Approval ofb building plans is followed by issuance ofCity building permits. Applicants may elect to submit plans to the building department simultaneously with the planning review in order to shorten the review process from 60 days to 30 days. Projects that require environmental review will have lengthened review times of an additional six months or more depending on what type ofe environmental document is needed.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter. IV  Page. IV-21    Housing Element 2021-2029 Architectural Review  Housing Constraints & Resources  Pursuant to Chapter 34 oft the Development Code, architectural review is intended to: 1.E Establish functional adequacy for grading, drainage, utility landscaping and other aspects of 2. Ensure functional interrelationship of buildings, structures and improvements on each 3. Preserve trees, ridgeline vistas, canyon views and other aspects ofthe rural environment which 4. Ensure that the siting, design, and massing ofa all new or remodeled structures or developments are compatible with existing uses, designs, and developments in surrounding neighborhoods;  each development; development; characterizes the City;  5. Promote compatibility of architectural design with surrounding property; and  6. Preserve the scenic character oft the City.  Development projects of less than 1,000 square feet are subject to Minor Architectural Review, which is conducted administratively by the Planning Department staff. The review is completed within 21 days following submission of complete plans. Larger projects ofmore than 1,000 square feet are subject to the Significant Architectural Review process. These projects are first reviewed by staff to determine completeness and compliance, and then scheduled for a Planning Commission public hearing within 30 days. There is no architectural review process required of Toapprove the architectural review, the approving body must make the following findings: 1. That the proposed development is designed and will be developed toj preserve to the greatest extent practicable the natural features of the land, including the existing topography and 2. That the proposed development is designed and will be developed in a manner which will be reasonably compatible with the existing neighborhood character in terms of scale of 3. That the proposed development is designed and will be developed in a manner which will preserve to the greatest extent practicable the privacy of persons residing on adjacent 4. The requirements of the ridgeline and view preservation regulations have been met; 5. That the proposed development is designed and will be developed in a manner to the extent reasonablyi practicable: sO thati it does not unreasonably: interfere with neighbors' existing views,  ADUS, JADUS, or FZADUS.  landscaping;  development in relation to surrounding residences and other structures;  properties;  view ofridgelines, valleys, or vistas;  Housing. Element. 2021-2029  ChapterIV  PageIV-22    Housing Element 2021-2029  Housing Constraints & Resources  6. The requirements of the tree preservation and landscaping regulations have been met; 7. That the design minimizes the appearance of over or excessive building substantially in excess ofexisting structures: ini the neighborhood, in that: a. The square footage oft the structure(s) and thet total lot coverage oft the development shall reflect the uncrowded character ofthe City and the neighborhood; and b. The height(s) of the structure(s) shall maintain to the extent reasonably practicable, consistency with the heights of structures on neighboring properties; 8. Thatt thej proposed development: is designed and willl be developed in ai manner that is consistent Due to the unique nature and physical constraints present in Bradbury, including limited access, limited infrastructure, and fire risk, the architectural review process is necessary to ensure appropriate and safe development within the City. However, findings relating to compatibility with neighboring properties may be considered subjective. This Housing Element includes an action to  and  with the City's Design Guidelines.  review and revise the findings for approval to remove the subjective findings.  I. Local Ordinances  State law requires jurisdictions to analyze in their Housing Elements for any locally adopted ordinances that directly impact the cost and supply of residential development. In October 2018, Bradbury adopted an ordinance prohibiting short-term rentals in all residential and agricultural zonesi int the City. Short term rentals resultina ar removal ofavailable rental housing from the market. By disallowing properties to be rented for less than a 30-day period, the ordinance is helping to The City of Bradbury does not have an inclusionary housing ordinance, or any growth control The City has not adopted a local Density Bonus program in its Municipal Code. This Housing Element includes a program action for the City to incorporate the State Density Bonus law by reference into the Municipal Code and promotes density bonus incentives along with the  preserve the supply ofl long-term rental properties in the City.  measures that could potentially limit housing supply and increase costs.  Affordable Housing Overlay toi interested developers. J. Transparency in Development Regulations  Continuing to improve transparency related tot the City's development regulations, fees, processes, and procedures is a priority for the City. To that end, Bradbury's website includes the following  information:  Adopted Housing Element:  phvapolnadurnasmicpiming department/housing element.php tps/Ibrary.municdecomcgoadbradbury/codes/code of dinnehalE-COORI  Municipal Code/Development Code:  TIXDECO  Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter IV  Page IV-23    Housing Element 2021-2029  Housing Constraints &. Resources  Zoning Map: oning map.pdf  htpsy/ema/flesrevirecebndupsDasineausmerserisa.lminebradhury  Building in Bradbury 101 Handout: heCiyolBmadbup-lyer-DM_082310pdr Planning Application Form and Guidelines:  itps/cms/fles-revecom/radburyca/Document enter/serviçe/Panning/Buldingint  tps/cms/fiesrevizepahineAPPLICATONPAN  Planning Fee Schedule:  itps/www.cityolbadbur.orree/zuscheduezor2OPY2V2015-2016.pdr  K.I Non-Governmental Constraints  The Housing Element is required to discuss potential non-govermmental constraints related to land costs, construction costs, availability of financing, and length oft time for building permit issuance. Analyses oft these issues can shed light on the private market forces that affect housing availability and affordability. Additionally, depending on the extent of housing availability and affordability, this information can signal the public sector as to the need to adjust land use, zoning, and housing policies. The cost ofi financing, thej price ofland, and the cost of construction are currently rising in Southern California, such that housing is becoming less affordable. Thus, because Bradbury is almost fully developed, the primary constraint for new or additional housing development is the  lack of vacant and affordable land for development.  Cost ofLand  There is little vacant, developable land in the City. Many ofthe existing vacant parcels ofl land in the City of Bradbury have been owned by the same individuals or trusts for extended periods of time. Only two vacant lots have sold since 2019, according to a review ofrecords on Zillow. The average price per acre oft these lots was just under $520,000 per acre. As of] February 2022, there were three vacant lots listed for sale on Zillow. Asking prices ranged from $987,000 per acre to $3.3 million per acre (average of $1.8 million per acre). However, it should be noted that all of these properties have been listed for sale for an extended period of time (two lots for over three  years) and would likely need tol be priced lower in order to sell.  Cost ofConstruction  According to a 2019 survey completed by thel National Association ofHomebulders, construction costs comprise 61 percent oft the sales price ofar new: single family home, on average.1 The survey  Source: Zillow, Lots/Land listed for sale; Accessed February 24, 2022. medi8F04D7F6EAA4DBESID7C385D297ashx.  National Association of Home Builders, 2019 Construction Cost Survey, htps/www.mahbory-  Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter. IV  Page IV-24    Housing Element. 2021-2029  Housing Constraints & Resources  found an average construction cost per square foot of $114 for a typical single family home. However, the survey also noted that interior finishes comprise the greatest proportion of construction costs (about 25 percent). Therefore, in a community like Bradbury with high end, luxury homes, construction costs are likely much higher per square foot than average. Recently constructed homes in Bradbury have ranged from 10,000 to 15,000 square feet with building permit valuations of $1,500,000 to $2,250,000. Accessory living quarters (ALQs) in Bradbury typically range in size from 1,000 to 2,500 square feet and usually consist of living and dining areas, two to three bedrooms, one or two bathrooms, a kitchen, and a one or two car attached garage. The construction cost of ALQs can range from $150,000 to $250,000 for smaller 1,000 square foot units. The variations in construction costs depend on site preparation costs, the cost of  the sewer or septic system, and the type ofi interior improvements.  Availability of Financing  The City of Bradbury derives its revenue from property taxes and various fees. The City does not have any retail commercial development, and does not collect development impact fees; therefore, it does not possess fiscal resources to devote to affordable housing projects. The City's limited ability toj provide affordable housing programs affects its] potential toi reach itsl RHNA goal. Federal and State housing programs, which have flourished in the past, are subject to annual fluctuations based on decisions that are beyond the City's control. Bradbury is a participating city in the Los Angeles Urban County andi is eligible to apply for funds available for affordable housing through Length of Time between Application Approval and Building Permit Issuance New State Housing Element law requires that the malypisofnongpvemmenat constraints include a discussion of the length of time between approval of a housing development proposal and The time between approval ofa aj proposal and building permit issuance are influenced by ai number off factors, none of which are directly impacted by the City. Most residential permits in Bradbury are for individual single-family homes, with building permit issuance generally taking six to nine months after Planning Department approvals. Hillside properties may take a few months longer Since 2019, the development process provides for a streamlined staff review of residential applications for projects that are less than 1,000 sq. ft. The Planning and Building Departments have been directed to complete review of development plans within 21 days of submission. Permits for a new small second/accessory unit can be issued within 60 days. If plans are simultaneously submitted to the Planning and Building Departments permits could be issued Requests to develop housing below identified densities in the sites inventory and The sites inventory does not use density to estimate the potential capacity of sites. Capacity is based on the minimum of one unit for any legally created parcel. For parcels larger than the  the County if the need arises.  submittal ofa an application for building permits.  due to the need for technical and engineering studies and reviews.  within 30 days after submittal ofa complete application.  analysis  Housing Element. 2021-2029  Chapter. IV  Page IV-25    Housing Element 2021-2029  Housing Constraints & Resources  required lot size, the number of units on the parcel is based on the number of lots can be  accommodated.  L.I Environmental Constraints  There are significant environmental constraints that need tol be considered when addressing future  development. Seismic Safety  The Sierra Madre Earthquake Fault Zones are in the central and northern portion of the City. Therefore, development of the hillside areas that are most susceptible to ground failure and landslide during earthquake activity should be limited to low densities and occupancies to limit  the damage and casualties of earthquakes. Protection of Open Space  The preservation of open space is essential to the community. The low-density agricultura/residential character of the City does not provide the economic resources needed to acquire and maintain an elaborate system of public parks and recreation areas. The City does not have any commercial or industrially zoned or developed property that would generate revenue to acquire and maintain such public facilities. The exclusive single-family residential zoning permits only detached dwelling units, many ofwhich are located on large agriculturally zoned parcels of The hillside topography limits development opportunities. The City's zoning regulates lot coverage based on the average slope of the parcel under consideration. The steeper the slope the more area that must remain in its natural condition. Allowable grading and lot coverage are significantly reduced on the steeper hillside lots. Open space is considered aj premium asset in the community. City development standards and regulations are based on the objective ofc creating the maximum feasible amount ofnatural open spaçe. Community residents have often expressed their desire to retain the rural character of the community and to maximize the existing open space  land.  resources. Fire Safety  The majority oft the City is in a Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone. The wildfire risk is high at most times ofthey year. For example, in] November 1980, fifty homes in the area were reported lost due to a wildfire. This designation of a Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone requires incorporation ofs significant safety measures in the construction ofnew development.  Water  Water is a resource in limited supply in the southern California region. Water limitations can prevent the development ofr new housing. The existing domestic and fire water system is adequate for large agriculuralresidential development, but the mainline water system is inadequate for small lot urban subdivisions. Therefore, the City must look closely atl housing densities that may require domestic and fire water system upgrades. The City does not anticipate any water shortages  Housing Element. 2021-2029  Chapter. IV  Page IV-26    Housing Element 2021-2029  Housing Constraints & Resources  that would preclude or affect the meeting of the Regional Housing Need Allocation (RHNA)  through 2029.  M. Infrastructure Constraints  The lower foothills are developed with large lot agriculture'residential single-family dwellings located in two gated communities.. Access to these areas is provided by private roads having paved widths of 15 to 20 feet. Most of the vacant area within the City (302 acres) is accessible via unpaved fire roads and unpaved flood control maintenance roads. Grading of the steep hillsides is regulated in order to minimize surface run-off and degradation of the natural environment. The Surface storm water run-offi is accommodated using private drainage systems. The majority ofthe City is not served by public sewers and most individual homes have their ownj private onsite septic systems to handle effluent. In addition, the public water distribution system is unable to The City adopted a Low Impact Development (LID) Ordinance in 2013 as required by law. This requires properties with over 10,000 square feet ofnew impervious surfacei to provide on-site storm water containment. This will add costs toi new construction projects with al large primary dwelling. There are no significant infrastructure constraints related to the development of accessory living quarters or ADUS. Water and other utility connections must be made for the primary dwelling unit and should be readily extended to second units. However, additional units in many areas of the  vacant-land area is not served by any utilities.  accommodate the fire flows required for higher density development.  City would require thei installation ofa additional septic systems.  N. Future Development Potential  The undeveloped parcels in the City fall into two categories: Category 1 consists of seven (7) parcels of land comprising approximately 301 acres located in the northernmost portion of the City and are subject to the City's] Hillside Development Standards as set forthi in the Development Code, which severely restricts grading of slopes of 10 percent and more. Category 2 consists of approximately 75 acres comprising 18 parcels which are vacant and more easily developable for Category 1- Open Space Privately-Owned, /Undeveloped Hillside Parcels is comprised ofa 301-acre area consisting ofs seven parcels located in the City's northern boundary area adjacent to the City ofl Monrovia to the west, the City of Duarte to the east, and the Angeles National Forest. The General Plan Land Use Map identifies this area as Open Space, Privately Owned Undeveloped, having a maximum density of one dwelling unit per five acres. The areal has been Further subdivision oft the 301 acres would be subject to review and approval of a specific plan. Associated environmental studies will address the impacts and mitigation measures associated with any future increasei ini residential density. The areal has been reported to contain hillside slopes that are in excess of 50 percent; numerous prominent ridgelines; Blueline streams; earthquake  single-family detached residential dwellings.  zoned. A-5 SP Agriceulure/Residential 5-acre minimum, Specific Plan).  Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter IV  Page IV-27    Housing Element 2021-2029  Housing Constraints &. Resources  induced landslide zones; lack of existing public or private vehicular access; lack ofe existing public utilities, and habitat that could include sensitive or endangered: flora andi fauna. These development constraints indicate that development of the area is physically and economically difficult. This areai is further restricted by being in an area designated as a Very Highl Fire Hazard Severity Zone in compliance with California State law. Ifs sO desired, a Specific Plan could be submitted to the City for consideration of developing the area. Use of this steep and environmentally sensitive hillside area could include the creation of a conseration/conservany easement, the use of Any development in this area would be subject to the Hillside Development Standards that are applicable to any site that consists oftwo acres ofland area having an average slope of at least 10 percent. The intent oft the Hillside Development Standards is to preserve the pristine hillsides and the mountainous topography. Grading ofhillside property is restricted and controlled. The nature and extent oft the grading, and the development restrictions are based on the average slope of the The City received two proposals for development of the hillside properties, identified in the following Table IV- 8. The hillside Chadwick Ranch subdivision proposed the creation of 14 estate lots, each of which could be developed with a single-family home with a Fire Zone Accessory Dwelling Units (FZADUS), or an enhanced ADU and a JADU on each lot However, the applications for both specific plan proposals have lapsed. Although revived proposals or other similar development proposals can still occur during the planning period oft the 6th cycle, these sites are not included in the City's sites inventory for RHNA purposes. The estimate of potential Table IV-8: CATEGORYI-OPEN SPACE PRIVATELY OWNED  development right transfer strategies, and cluster development concepts.  parcel under consideration.  capacity is based on these previous proposals.  HILLSIDE PARCELS Land Zone Use DUS Estate 0 (SP) 5-Ac Estate (SP) 5-Ac Estate 9 (SP) 5-Ac Estate (SP) 5-Ac Estate (SP) 5-Ac A-5 Estate 14 (SP) 5-Ac Estate (SP) 5-Ac  Ownership Assessor's  Acreage  Potential Potential Total ADUS DUS 0 0  No.  8527-001-001 41.40 A-5 8527-001-008 70.00 A-5 8527-001-009 20.54 A-5 8527-001-012 59.30 A-5 8527-001-010 59.19 A-5 8527-005-001 8.37 8527-005-004 42.36 A-5 Total  0 9  Oakview Estates Ownership Chadwick Ranch Ownership  14 14  28 37  301.16  23  Housing Element. 2021-2029  Chapter. IV  Page IV-28    Housing. Element. 2021-2029  Housing Constraints & Resources  Category 2-Vacant Undeveloped Residential Parcels is comprised of 17vacant undeveloped residentially designated and zoned parcels. All of these sites are considered as appropriate for development ofsingle-family detached residential dwelling units (see Table IV-9). The identified vacant developable residential parcels on the 74 acres could potentially yield 27new main dwelling units. The estimate of realistic capacity is based on the minimum lot size required for the zone. assuming larger lots would be subdivided but taking into account some topographical constraints. However, each legally created lot is allowed one unit regardless of lot size.  Table IV-9: CATEGORY2-  VACANT UNDEVELOPED RESIDENTIALPARCELS  Parcel Size (acres) 5.58 2.12 8.01 2.03 2.18 1.18 1.54 5.3 3.39 2.90 2.54 7.16 2.13 3.80 7.16 4.65 12.4 74.07  Potential  Assessor's No. 1 8527-002-023 3 8527-016-049 4 8527-016-019 5 8527-016-046 8 8527-024-032 9A 8527-025-034 10 8527-026-006 13 8527-023-012 16 8527-002-029 17 8527-002-030  Address 153 Sawpit Lane 3701 Mt. Olive Dr. 3601 Mt. Olive Dr. 3361 Mt. Olive Dr. 676] Deodar Ln. 208 Barranca Rd. 2181 Deodar Ln. Royal Oaks Dr. N. Oak Meadow Ln. Oak Meadow Ln.  Zone A-5 A-5 A-2 A-2 A-2 A-2(SP) Estate 2-Ac A-2 A-5 A-5 A-5 A-5 A-5 A-1 A-1 A-5 A-5 A-1  Land Use Main DUS Estate 5-Ac Estate 5-Ac Estate 2-Ac Estate 2-Ac Estate 2-Ac Estate 2-Ac Estate 5-Ac Estate 5AC Estate 5-Ac Estate 5-Ac Estate 5-Ac Estate 1-Ac Estate 1-Ac Estate 5-Ac Estate 5-Ac Estate 1-Ac  2 8527-004-020 155 Bliss Canyon Rd.  3  6 8527-016-037 1387 Sharon Hilll Ln. 7 8527-021-011 8Bradbury Hills Rd.  11 8527-029-001 431 Long Canyon Rd. 12 8527-029-017 410Long Canyon Rd. 15 8527-023-021 1533 Royal Oaks Dr. N. 18 8527-021-041 1901 Royal Oaks Dr. N.  2 3 1 6 27  Total  Category3- - Second Units or ADUS/JADUS on Development Properties  The third category is infilling properties with existing units with ADUS orJ JADUS. This realistic  capacity is estimated based on trends. Regional Growth Need  As described in Chapter II, State Housing Element law requires that a local jurisdiction accommodate a share oft the region's projected housing needs for the planning period. This share, called the Regional Housing Needs Allocation (RHNA), is important because State law mandates that a jurisdiction provide sufficient land to accommodate a variety of housing opportunities for all economic segments of the community. Compliance with this requirement is measured by the  Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter. IV  Page IV-29    Housing Element 2021-2029  Housing Constraints & Resources  jurisdiction's ability in providing adequate land with adequate density and appropriate SCAG assigned a RHNA of41 units to the City of Bradbury for the 2021-2029 planning period. Thisa allocation: is distributed into: four income categories, as shown below, in the following income  development standards to accommodate the RHNA.  distribution:  Table IV-10: REGIONAL HOUSING NEEDS ASSESSMENT  2021-2029 Percent AMI* #of Units 0-30% 31-50% 51-80% 81-120% >120%  Income Level ExtremelyLow** Very Low Low Moderate Above Moderate Total *AMI- Areal Median Income  Percent 19.5% 19.5% 22% 22% 17.0% 100%  8 8 9 9 7 41  Source: SCAG6h Cycle Final RHNA Allocation Plan (approved by HCD on 3/22/21). **State law requires jurisdictions to also projects housing needs for extremely low income households. SCAG does not differentiate between very low (VLI) and extremely low income (ELI) needsi int thel RHNA. Pursuant to Statel law, the City can evenly splitt the veryl lowi income  RHNA into veryl low and extremely lowi incomes.  Sites Inventory  This section discusses how Bradbury has adequate existing residential site capacity to accommodate its share ofregional housing needs during the planning period. Based on the current availability of Category 1 Privately-Owned Hillside Parcels), Category 2 (Vacant Undeveloped) as well as potential Second Dwelling Units, SROs, and units in the Affordable Housing Overlay, the City's has a potential for 71 total units. A detailed methodology and assumptions to estimate  capacity is described below.  Category 1: Privately-Owned Hillside Parcels  fdeveloped, these 300 acres could accommodate at least 37 units based on previous proposals. However, as discussed before, the applications for both specific plan proposals have lapsed. Therefore, as a conservative strategy, these sites are not included in the City's sites inventory for  6cycle Housing Element RHNA. Category 2: Vacant Undeveloped Land  Single-Family Units  Table IV- 9 identifies 17 vacant undeveloped residentially designated and zoned parcels on the 74.07 acres could yield 27 new main dwelling units. This capacity is based on the minimum of one unit for any legally created parcel. Forp parcels larger than the required lot size, the numberof units on thej parcel is based on the number of lots can be accommodated. assuming subdivision of lots. All2 27 units on the 17 parcels are counted toward the City's above moderate income RHNA.  Housing Element. 2021-2029  Chapter IV  Page IV-30    Housing. Element 2021-2029 SRO Development facilitate SRO development:  Housing Constraints & Resources  The City amended the Development Code in October 2022 to make several significant changes to  Individual SRO units (no cooking facilities) and bunk houses (only shared cooking and plumbing facilities, which are similar to JADUS) were eliminated as separate uses. SRO developments of at least two units are allowed in all agricultural zones. SRO units require independent cooking and plumbing facilities to function as separate Number of units allowed in an SRO Development isi increased in the A-1 zone from 3 to 4and in the A-2 zone from 51 to 6. SRO) Developments in the A-5 zone remain at 10 units. Allowable unit size is increased from 250 to 300 square feet. The requirement that the SROs be occupied by domestic help was eliminated. All these changes are intended to further facilitate the development of SRO units as an alternative Based on City records, the majority of the City's recent housing projects include accessory living quarters. Specifically, 13 current or recently completed projects have included accessory living quarters, including six projects contain living quarters for domestic help and seven projects have guest houses with kitchens. The City amended the Development Code to encourage SRO developments (2+ units) for domestic help and farm/ranch workers, family members, and/or used as rentals. The City eliminated the bunk house" unit type, which is similar to the new definition DfSRO development. Therefore, future development of accessory living quarters on large lots is expected to take the form of SRO development Based on these conditions, it is reasonable to assume that half of the vacant parcels (nine parcels) identified in Table IV- 9 would include at As shown in the previous Chadwick Ranch proposal, all lots are proposed to include accessory units. noting that the proposal was submitted prior to the much more generous allowance ofs SRO development. Therefore, consistent with the Chadwick Ranch proposal, these 17 lots ata Assuming half of the lots would develop SRO development or all lots would include an ADU, both scenarios would produce 16 or 17 additional unitsPrespectively. Since the 17 lots couldb be subdivided into 27 lots as discussed before, the maximum capacity could be 26SRO units Gfhalf  living units.  affordable housing option to workers in the City and also to other residents.  least a two-unit SRO development, yielding 18 SRO units.  minimum can include 17 ADUS.  For SRO estimates, because of the uneven number ofl lots, "half" oft them is either of either eight or nine lots. If each lot is expected to have at least two SRO units. the expected SRO capacity is 16 or 18 units.  respectively. The lower number of 16 units is used as a conservative estimate.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter IV  Page IV-31    Housing Element 2021-2029  Housing Constraints & Resources  oft the subdivided lots have SRO units)7 and 27 ADU units. Therefore 16-unit SRO capacity assumed for RHNA represents a conservative 60 percent of the maximum potential. The affordability assumption for these 16 SRO units for ADU units) was based on SCAG's affordability assumption (4 extremely low/very low, Zlow, Omoderate, and 5 above moderate; Table IV-11). Together with 27 main dwelling units, there is aj potential for 43 units in Vacant  Undeveloped Land.  Table IV-11: Vacant Undeveloped Land Units by Income Level  EL/VL 4 4  L Mod Z  AM 27 5 32  Total 27 16 43  Main Dwelling Units SROJ Developments (2+ units per development)' Total  0  1:ADU affordabilityl based on SCAG assumptions: 15.0 percent extremely low, 8.5 percent very low, 44.6 percent low, 2.1 percent moderate, and 29.2 percent above moderate. The proportion calculations resulted in 4.01 EL/VL units, 7.6 low units, 0.4 moderate units, and 5.1 above moderate units. Numbers were rounded to the nearest whole number. However, when numbers were rounded, the total was 17. Because the proportion of moderate units was closer to 0 than 1. the estimated  number of units is zero.  Category 3: Accessory Dwelling Units on Developed Parcels  Ina addition to units that can occur on vacant lots as noted above, existing developed parcels can add ADUS. (There is no overlapping in the estimates of potential ADUS on vacant sites versus potential ADUS on sites with existing homes. These estimates are based on separate trends._The City estimates 104 second dwelling units in the City, compared to 385 primary units in the City as reported by the ACS, representing a significant proportion (21 percent) oft the overall housing stock. Between 1994 and 2014, the City approved 36 second dwelling units (or 1.5 second units annually). Between 2014 and 2021, the City added seven second dwelling units (or one second unit annually). With the City's recent amendment to the ADU Ordinance in 2021 and 2022, the City anticipates an increased trend ofbuilding ADUS in the community. Therefore, iti is reasonable to conservatively assume that eight ADUS will be added toj properties with existing units over the 2021-2029 Housing Element period (or just one ADU annually). The assumed affordability of these units was based on SCAG's affordability assumptions (2 extremely low/very low, 3 low, 1  moderate, and 2 above moderate; Table] IV-12).  Similar to footnote 6. because of the uneven number of lots, "half" of them is 13 or 14 lots. If13or14 lots are expected tol have at least two SROS, the expected SRO capacity is 26or 28SRO units. respectively.  The lower number of 26 units is used as a conservative estimate.  Housing Element. 2021-2029  Chapter. IV  Page IV-32    Housing. Element. 2021-2029  Housing Constraints &. Resources  Table IV- 12: 2nd Unit/ADU Units by Income Level  EL/VL 2  L Mod 3  AM Total 2  ADUSI  8  1:ADU affordability based on SCAG assumptions: 15.0 percent extremely. low, 8.5 percent very low, 44.6 percent lo, 2.1 percent moderate, and 29.2 percent above moderate!  Affordable Housing Overlay  The City proposes to amend the Affordable Housing Overlay Zone to permit multi-family affordable housing at a density range of20-35 units per acre, and apply the Overlay Zone to the City Hall site. A significant portion of the 1.1-acre City Hall site is used for open space and parking and can accommodate a small multi-family affordable development. The sites inventory assumes development in half of the City Hall site (approximately 0.55 acre) at a density of35 du/ac fora at total of 18 units. Figure IV-2 2 shows the affordable! housing overlay 6th cycle site int the red area. The boundaries oft the AHO are shown in red dashed lines. The Housing Plan includes an action to establish development standards that can facilitate the development of 18 units on The City-owned site currently only has one structure City Hall. The AHO is located in the portion of the site that does not have any building structures. The City has not leased out this site toany agency or entity. There is no need to relocate any existing use. This Housing Element includes a program to develop appropriate development standards to accommodate 18 unitsa ata density of 35 units per acre. As shown in the Multi-Family Housing Program under Policy 2.the City intends to make the site available for affordable housing development through a land lease agreement with a qualified affordable housing developer. This property would be exempt surplus property under the Surplus Land Act. By the end of2 2024 and annually thereafter, the Cityv will conduct outreach to developers to facilitate development of affordable housing on this site. The Multi-Family Housing Program also includes an alternative action to designate other propertiesas  site.  AHOifn no interest is expressed on the City-owned site.  Housing Element. 2021-2029  Chapter IV  Page IV-33    Housing Element. 2021-2029  Housing Constraints & Resources  Figure IV-2: Affordable Housing Overlay- Site  Gya A  AHO 6thCycleSite  Summary of Sites  Table IV- 131 below shows that the City ofBradbury has adequate land capacity to meet the needs ofall income groups through the 2021-2029! RHNA period. There is a capacity of26 lowerincome units, 9moderate income units, and 34 above moderate units for a total of 69 units. There is also additional capacity int the remaining parcels in the Privately-Owned. Hillside Parcels (TableIV-8) which have lapsed applications and are not used for this RHNA. Figure IV-3 shows the location oft the sites in the Vacant Underdeveloped parcels and the Affordable Housing Overlay. The only nonvacant site used to meet the City's lower income RHNA requirements is the Affordable Housing Overlay on the City Hall site. The Housing Plan includes actions to facilitate  development on this site. Environmental Constraints  They vacant sites identified for single-family and potential SRO units are larger lots and appropriate for the allowable development. The AHO site is located in the most urbanized area oft the City and isnot impacted by environmental constraints that would impede residential development. There are also no other constraints such as title conditions. easement, or litigation that would preclude development on sites identified in the planning period. The Citywill allow flexible development standards on the AHO site to account for the lot shape in order to accommodate the required units  for its lower and moderate income RHNA.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter IV  Page IV-34    Housing. Element. 2021-2029  Housing Constraints &. Resources  Table IV- 13: Summary of Development Potential  Extremely Low/ Very Low 16 9 25  Above 7 7 27 5 2 34 +27  Low Moderate Moderate Total  RHNA RHNA!  9 9 0 1 8 +0  41 27 16 8 18 69 +28  Vacant Undeveloped Parcels SRO Developments on Vacant Undeveloped Parcels 2nd DUS/ADUs/JADUS: on Developed Parcels with Existing Units Affordable Housing Overlay Total Sites Inventory Surplus/Shortfall Notes:  5 10 26 +1  1) Combining extremely low, very low, and lowi into a' "lower" income category  2) Project application at Chadwick Ranch] Estates. Sites Used in the Prior Cycle Housing Element  For the 5th cycle Housing Element, the City's RHNA was only two units (one very low income unit and one low income unit). The 2014-2021 Housing Element utilized the Affordable Housing Overlay to meet its lower income RHNA. Therefore, the only "reuse" site forl lowerincome RHNA for the 6th cycle Housing Element is the City Hall site with the Affordable Housing Overlay.  Housing. Element. 2021-2029  Chapter. IV  Page. IV-35    Housing. Element. 2021-2029  Housing Constraints & Resources  Figure IV- 3: Bradbury Sites Inventory  Bradbury  0.25 Site Inventory D Vacant UndevelopedF Parcels Affordable Parcels Housingo Overtay FJGyB Boundary  0.5 Miles  CIS City of Bradbury Site Inventory  O.E Energy Conservation and Climate Action Plan  Housing Element statutes require an analysis ofopportunities: for energy conservation with respect to residential development. The energy conservation section of the element must inventory and analyze the opportunities to encourage the incorporation of energy saving features, energy saving materials, and energy efficient systems and design for residential development. Planning to maximize energy efficiency and the incorporation of energy conservation and green building features can contribute to reduced housing costs for homeowners and renters, in addition to promoting sustainable community design andi reduced dependence on vehicles. Such planning and development standards can also significantly contribute to reducing greenhouse gases. Green Building Practices - Conventional building construction, use, and demolition, along with the manufacturing ofbuilding materials, have multiple impacts on our environment. Int the United  States, buildings account for:  36% oft total energy use 65% of electricity consumption 30% of greenhouse gas emissions  30% of raw materials use 30% ofl landfill waste 12% of potable water consumption  Housing Element. 2021-2029  Chapter. IV  Page IV-36    Housing. Element 2021-2029  Housing Constraints & Resources  Green buildings are structures that are designed, renovated, re-used or operated in a manner that enhances resource efficiency and sustainability. These structures reduce water consumption, improve energy efficiency, generate less waste, and lessen a building's overall environmental impact. The 2022 California Building Standards Code establishes mandatory Statewide green building standards, and Bradbury has adopted the California Green Building Standards Code (CALGREEN) in its entirety. The City promotes "Green and Beautiful Bradbury" on the City website, providing user-friendly information about energy conservation, suggestions to improve Energy Conservation Programs Offered through Local Utilities and the State - Bradbury promotes energy conservation by advertising utility rebate programs and energy audits available through Southern California Edison (SCE), and the Southern California Gas Company. Lower- income households are also eligible for State sponsored energy and weatherization programs. SCE provides a variety of energy conservation services under its Customer Assistance Programs (CAPs). These services are designed to help low-income households, senior citizens, the permanently disabled, and non-English: speaking customers control their energy use. The Southern California Gas Company offers an energy conservation service known as the Community Involvement Program (CIP). This program provides weatherization for the homes or apartments of low-income families, provided they meet the federally established income guidelines. The weatherization is provided to the low-income families free of charge, with the providers to be Income-qualified SCE and Southern California Gas Company customers may be eligible for the State's Energy Savings Assistance program, and/or a 20% discount under the California Alternate The Energy Upgrade California (EUC) Residential Energy Efficiency Loan (REEL) program is designed to help California homeowners and renters access competitive financing solutions for  energy efficiency, and appliance rebate programs.  reimbursed by the Southern California Gas Company.  Rates for Energy (CARE): program.  their energy efficiency projects.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter IV  Page IV-37    a  a  1  a f                            Housing Element 2021-2029  Housing Element Performance  B. Addressing the 2014-2021 Housing Element Objectives  Housing Production = The Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) adopted a future housing need under the Regional Housing Needs Assessment (RHNA) of two units for Bradbury during the 2014-2021 Housing Element period. Based on estimated production levels of three new residential units per year (two single-family homes and one second unit), the City's Housing Element set a quantified objective to produce 2 new units during the eight-year planning As shown in the following Table V-2, a total of 14 net new dwelling units were issued building permits between October 2013 (the start of the RHNA planning period) and December 2020. Of these permits, seven were for single-family homes and seven were for second dwelling units. As all oft the second units were over 2,000 square feeti in size, it is assumed they serve above moderate income households. The City developed an accessory dwelling unit (ADU) ordinance (Ord. 373, March 2021) consistent with State Law that would limit their size to ai maximum of 1,000 square feet, and include other provisions designed to facilitate the production and affordability of ADUS: this Ordinance was updated in July 2022. The City will continue to promote the development of these ADUS among homeowners as a means of addressing its new RHNA for 25 lower income  period.  units.  TABLE V-2  UNITS BUILT DURING THE PLANNING PERIOD 2014-2020  Extremely/ Low Moderate Above  Total 2 24 7 7 14  VeryLow 1 1 0 0 0  Moderate 0 16 7 0 7  RHNA Goal Quantified Objective New Building Permits (2014-2021) Net New Dwellings! Second Dwelling Units Total Dwelling Unit Increase  1 1 0 7 7  0 6 0 0 0  Single-Family  1F For purposes of assessing progress towards meeting RHNA goals, only net new units are included. So while the City issued a total of 191 building permits for single-family units during the planning period, just seven units did not involve the demolition of an existing unit. Because the City's ADUS and second units are typically available for domestic help andi farm/ranch workers atr no costs, these units are: assumed tol be affordable tol low incomel households. Housing Rehabilitation = Bradbury's 2014-2021 Housing Element established a rehabilitation objective of four units (all above moderate income) to be achieved through the City's code enforcement program. The City addresses code enforcement issues for one to two units monthly. However, the City did not provide any financial assistance for improvements.  Housing Element. 2021-2029  Chapter V  Page V-1    Housing Element 2021-2029  Housing Element Performance  Housing Conservation - The2014-2021 Housing Element established a goal to conserve the four residential structures identified as historically significant in the General Plan. These historic properties have, SO far, been maintained during the planning period. The City has adopted an ordinance enacting the Mills Act that offers taxi incentives for rehabilitation ofhistoric properties, Effectiveness in Addressing Special Needs Housing - The City of Bradbury pursued housing  though none oft these properties have yet utilized the program. opportunities and service support for the special needs. Specifically:  InJ January 2019 the City adopted an amendment to the Development Code (Ord. 362) to add definitions for small and large Residential Care Facilities, consistent with Health and Safety Code Section 1502. Small residential care facilities (6 or fewer occupants) are a permitted use in all residential zones, and large residential care facilities (7 or more occupants) are conditionally permitted in the R-20,000, A-1, A-2 and A-5 zone districts. The same ordinance also addresses the provision of SRO development in A-1 zone (up to In2 2021, the City further amended the Development Code to prove for JADUS and Fire In September 2018, the City amended the General Plan Land Use Map to apply the Affordable Housing Overlay Zone to the City Hall site, permitting emergency shelters, transitional, and supportive housing by right on the one-acre site (City Council Resolution  3units), A-2 zone (up to 5 units), and A-3 zone (up to 10 units).  Zone ADUS.  No. 18-25).  Elderly and Disabled Households  The City has included an evaluation of this type of house sharing as a program in the previous housing element, however the City has found that the elderly inj need of assistance typically share housing arrangements with members of their own family. During the 2013-2021 planning period, the City also provided assistance to one elderly household with cleanup and minor repairs using  General Funds.  ormworker/employee Housing  Several oft the larger estates in the City have agricultural uses or equestrian ranches. The property owner is often employed in another occupation while maintaining the agricultural and/or equestrian uses on the property through the employment of grooms and other personnel. These personnel often live full-time on the property in an accessory living quarter. During the 2013-2021 The Bradbury Development Code allows several accessory living quarter types that are suitable for farmworkers employed in the community. These include SRO units, SRO developments, bunk houses, ADUS, and JADUS. The City recently amended the Development Code to consolidate bunk houses with SRO developments. A single SRO unit is removed as aj permitted use, as it does not function as a dwelling unit. This change will facilitate the development of SRO units. Instead,  planning period. the City averaged one accessory dwelling unit annually.  the City will encourage the development of ADUS and JADUS.  Housing Element. 2021-2029  Chapter V  Page V-2    Housing Element 2021-2029  Housing Element Performance  The 6th Cycle Housing Element includes a program to review its development standards and processing procedures for small employee housing for consistency with the Employee Housing  Act and amend the Development Code as appropriate. Persons Experiencing Homelessness  According to SCAG, neither the City nor Los Angeles County have identified any individuals experiencing homelessness in Bradbury. Any homeless people in the City would be served by facilities and programs in the nearby City of Pasadena. These programs include a rotating winter shelter program (provided by the Ecumenical Council of Pasadena Area Churches), several emergency and transitional shelters. and permanent supportive housing. The San Gabriel Valley Consortium on Homelessness maintains an on-line database of services available to the homeless In addition, the City of Bradbury periodically provides financial assistance to shelters in the surrounding area that provide housing and assistance to the homeless. The City budgeted and allocated $3.000 to donate to Union Station Homelessness Services ($1.500) and Foothill Unity Center ($1,500) for FY 16/17 and 18/19. In 19/20 the amount was split between the two organizations as well as Friends in Deed, Pasadena. The allocation has increased to $4,000 for 2020/2021.The Housing Element continues the program to support agencies that serve the  in the San Gabriel Valley (www.sgvc.org).  homeless and other special needs populations, subject to funding availability.  Housing. Element 2021-2029  Chapter V  Page V-3    Housing Element 2021-2029  Housing Policies, Programs & Quantified Objectives  BRADBURY  Housing Element 2021-2029  CHAPTER VI  HOUSING POLICIES, PROGRAMS & QUANTIFIED OBJECTIVES  A. Housing Policies and Programs  The City of Bradbury Housing Element provides for the creation or continued implementation of New Housing- The City is providing opportunities for the development of a variety of new housing. The City will continue to encourage the development of accessory living units, including ADUS, JADUS. SRO developments, domestic quarters for domestic help, as well as ranch/farm workers. Specifically, the City will accommodate a variety of housing types by amending the Affordable Housing Overlay Zone to include: multi-family affordable housing as an allowable use. In addition, the Citywill strivet to continually streamline its permit processing Housing Conservation/Preservation - The City is preserving existing homes and neighborhoods through the implementation of a proactive code enforcement program. In addition, the City adopted a historic preservation ordinance that enables use oft the Mills Act Rehabilitation - The City will continue its successful code enforcement program to ensure Other Housing Policies - The City will continue to provide outreach regarding fair housing, homeless services, and energy conservation. Subject to: funding availability, the City will also continue to support the provision of services to homeless and other special needs populations. These Housing Policies are intended to underscore Bradbury's commitment to continued maintenance, improvement and provision of housing for all economic segments oft the community. This chapter provides specific program details that will aid in the implementation of the City's housing policies, including program timing, funding sources, and monitoring responsibility.  ai number of programs that will accomplish the following:  and fee structure to remove potential governmental constraints.  top provide incentives for preservation oft the existing housing stock.  maintenance of the City's aging housing stock.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter VI  Page VI-1    Housing Element 2021-2029  Housing Policies, Programs & Quantified Objectives  Ar new requirement of State Housing Element law is to affirmatively further fair housing (AFFH). Given the small size of the City, limited resources are available to implement extensive AFFH activities. However, many housing programs do have impacts on furthering fair housing choices. Therefore, the relevant AFFH themes are identified for each program, as appropriate. The. AFFH  themes are:  Fair Housing Outreach and Enforcement Place-Based Strategies for Neighborhood Improvement Tenant Protection and Anti-Displacement New Opportunities in High Resource Areas Policy1: Affirmatively further fair housing.  Housing Mobility  Program 1: Fair Housing Outreach and Education - The City will continue to coordinate with and refer inquiries and complaints concerning housing discrimination to the Housing Rights Center. The City will also maintain information regarding other agencies that may assist in the enforcement of fair housing laws. The City will provide brochures and other information regarding fair housing requirements and the availability of services that can be used by residents seeking assistance. Fair housing information will be provided at City Hall and will bej posted on the  City's website. Actions and Timing:  By July 2023, update City website to provide links to the Housing Rights Center Annually publish fair housing information and services on City newsletter and social Byt the end of2023, include ai fair housing fact sheet tol bei included in the City'sapplication Funding: General Fund and services provided through City participation inl Los Angeles Urban  itpsywww.housingrightscenter.ore) for fair housing services. ByJuly 2023. provide fair housing information at public counters. packets for ADU/JADU. SRO development, and SB 9 permits.  media.  County CDBG program  Monitoring: Administrative Assistant AFFH Themes Addressed:  Fair Housing Outreach and Enforcement Tenant Protection and Ant-Displacement  AFFH Geographic Target Areas:  Citywide AFFH Outcomes:  Begin recording hits on City website on fair housing resources in 2023.  Promote fair housing services with the goal ofi increasing inquiries by 20 percent over eight years.  Housing. Element 2021-2029  Chapter VI  Page VI-2    Housing Element 2021-2029  Housing Policies, Programs & Quantified Objectives  Program 2: City Outreach Continue to use the City newsletter, the City website, and other outreach measures to educate the community regardingl housing issues such as fair housing, accessory dwelling units, group homes, SRO developments, reasonable accommodation, assistance to the homeless,  and energy conservation. Actions and' Timing:  By July 2023, update City website to provide links to various local, state, and federal agencies and organizations that provide housing and related services and programs. As part of the survey of SRO units (see Policy 2). distribute information about housing  Annually publish housing resources on City newsletter.  resources for tenants. Funding: General Fund AFFHThemes Addressed:  Monitoring: Administrative Assistant and City Manager  Fair Housing Outreach and Enforcement Tenant Protection and. Anti-Displacement  AFFH Geographic Target Areas:  Parcels with existing accessory living quarters. ADUS/JADUS. and SRO units. Begin recording hits on City website on housing resources in 2023.  AFFH Outcomes:  Promote housing services with the goal of increasing inquiries by 20 percent over eight years. Program 3: Reasonable Accommodation - Bradbury has conducted a review of the zoning regulations, building codes, and permit processing procedures, and has not identified any The City's Development Code includes provisions for Reasonable Accommodation Process for Disabled Persons that establish procedures for persons with disabilities, or their representatives, tor request a reasonable accommodation from the City's zoning regulations, building codes, and other land use regulations, policies and procedures to enable a disabled person to have an equal opportunity to enjoy housing equal to that of non-disabled persons. This process helps facilitate housing mobility or allow persons with disabilities to age inj place. However, the required findings on compatibility with neighborhood character and traffic impacts may be considered subjective.  institutional barriers to the provision of accessible housing.  Actions and Timing:  _By July 2023, update City website to publicize information on reasonable By the end of December 2023, review and revise the required findings for the approval of - Reasonable Accommodation request to ensure that they are objective and provide  accommodations. certainty in outcomes.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter VI  Page VI-3    Housing Element 2021-2029 Funding: General Fund Monitoring: City Planner and City Manager AFFH Themes Addressed: Housing Mobility AFFH Geographic Target Areas: Citywide. AFFH Outcomes:  Housing Policies, Programs & Quantified Objectives  Improve accessibility for two units over eight years.  Program 4:_ Housing Opportunities for Persons Living with Disabilities - The San Gabriel/Pomona Regional Center (SGPRC) provides services and support for adults and children with developmental disabilities. According to the State Department ofI Development Services, SGPRC was serving fewer than 11 Bradbury residents with developmental disabilities as of December 2020. All of these developmentally disabled residents are living at home. As their parents age and/or become frail, their adult disabled children may require alternative housing options or supportive services to age inj place. The SGPRC has identified several community-basedh housing types appropriate forj persons living with a developmental disability, including licensed community care facilities and group homes, supervised apartment settings with support services, and rent subsidized, /affordable housing for persons able to live more independently. This resource helps  facilitate housing mobility or allow persons with disabilities to age inj place.  Actions and Timing:  By July 2023, update City website to inform Bradbury families of the housing opportunities and services available for persons with developmental disabilities. Byuly2023.amend Zoning Code to make provisions for housing for persons with disabilities  (see Policy2). Funding: General Fund Monitoring: City Planner and City Manager AFFH Themes Addressed: Housing Mobility AFFH Geographic Target Areas: Citywide. AFFH Outcomes:  Begin recording hits on City website on housing resources in 2023.  Promote housing services with the goal ofi increasing inquiries by 20 percent over eight years.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter VI  Page VI-4    Housing. Element. 2021-2029  Housing Policies, Programs & Quantified Objectives  Policy 2: Promote the development of a variety of housing types and continue to identify Program 5: Site Inventory Program - For the 6th Cycle Housing Element, the City has been assigned a Regional Housing Needs Assessment of 41 units. Based on projected ADUS (8 units), single-family homes on vacant land (27 units on 17 parcels). and SRO development potential based on trend (16 units on 8 parcels), the City has adequate capacity to accommodate 51 additional units (16 lower income; 1 moderate income: and 34 above moderate income units). There remains a shortfall of8 lower income and 7 moderate income units to be accommodated on the City's Affordable Housing Overlay at the City Hall site. When reviewing applications for subdivision, the City will consider a range of lot sizes.  sites that are available for new residential development.  including 7.500 square foot(R-1)lots Actions and' Timing:  Pursuant to State law (Government Code 65583.2 (h) and G) regarding rezoning for adequate site, each site must permit for-sale and rental multi-family housing  and the site must be adequate to permit at least 16 units on site By July 2023, amend the Zoning Map to apply the Affordable Housing  Overlay (AHO) on the City Hall site to allow development of affordable housing.  18a affordable units at a density of20to  35 units per acre, adequate to accommodate the City's remaining lower and moderate income RHNA units. Establish appropriate development standards that would facilitate the Continue to maintain the sites inventory and make available on the City's website. By July 2023, develop a procedure pursuant to SB 166 (Nol Net Loss) to monitor development in the City and progress toward meeting its RHNA to ensure the City continues to have adequate sites for its RHNA throughout the Housing Element planning period. By July 2023, amend the Development Code to comply with AB 1397 (By-Right Approval) top provide by-right approval of housing on the Affordable Housing Overlay site ifthe project includes at least 20 percent of the units as housing affordable to lower income households. By] July 2023, amend thel Development Code to comply with. AB 1397 (Replacement Housing) tor require, as a condition ofp project approval, the replacement of existing units on site that are Ongoing, inj reviewing specific plan proposals on large privately owned vacant land (such as those large parcels listed in the Housing Element but not included in the sites inventory for RHNA purposes). the City will encourage the plans toi include a variety oflot sizes toi facilitate  either deed restricted or occupied by lower income households.  arange ofl housing options. Funding: General Fund Monitoring: City Planner and City Manager AFFH Themes Addressed:  New Opportunities in High Resource Areas  Housing Mobility  Housing Element. 2021-2029  Chapter VI  Page VI-5    Housing Element 2021-2029 AFFH Geographic Target Areas:  Housing. Policies, Programs & Quantified Objectives  Large residential parcels inj northern Bradbury andi in AHO.  AFFH Outcomes: Create  Create 18 affordable units in AHO over eight years.  Program 6: Multi-Family Housing - This program isi intended to complement the Site Inventory Program above, which outlines the rezoning necessary for the shortfall in sites for RHNA. To facilitate the development of a variety of housing types, including multi-family housing, the City  proposes to amend the Development Code to address the following:  Affordable Housing Overlay Zone - Amendment of Overlay Zone to include affordable multi-family housing (at a density between 20 and 35 units per acre) as an allowable use and to establish appropriate development standards for multi-family housing. As part of the amendment, setback, lot coverage, and other requirements will be adjusted to ensure buildable areas of adequate size to potentially accommodate an affordable housing project SRO Developments - Amend the Development Code to require cooking facilities to be included in individual SRO units to ensure each unit is a separate and adequate dwelling unit. Increase the allowable: number of SRO units in SRO developments in A-1 zone from the maximum unit size for SRO units willl be increased from 250 square feet to 300 square feet. The Code will also be amended to remove the requirement ofoccupancy by domestic  ofat] least 18 units and a small emergency shelter.  three to four units, and in A-2 zone from five to six units.  Toa accommodate the requirement for cooking facilities,  help and ranch workers. (This amendment is completed.)  This program will also work to promote new housing opportunities in high resource areas as  defined by the California Tax Credit Allocation Committee (TCAC).  Actions and Timing:  Facilitate the development of SROL period by promoting the new SRO owners and developers. City Hall property.  units over the Housing Element planning development regulations to property  By July 2023, amend thel Development Code to address the. Affordable Housing Overlay Zone and SRO developments as outlined above. Place the Affordable Housing Overlay zone on the Beginning in 2024. conduct a survey on SRO developments every other year to ensure the development provisions are adequate and appropriate to facilitate SRO developments. If the trend of SRO developments is not consistent with the projection in the Housing  Housing. Element. 2021-2029  Chapter VI  Page VI-6    Housing Element 2021-2029  Housing Policies, Programs & Quantified Objectives  Element, within one year, the Cityv will adopt additional adjustments to further incentivize SRO units. especially if the owners agree to make the units available and affordable to extremely low income households. Alternativelyb by the end of2027. the Citywill designate By the end of 2024 and annually thereafter, outreach to affordable housing developers active in the region to present the opportunity of affordable housing development in the AHO. The City plans to facilitate affordable housing development on the City Hallsite via a land lease agreement and the site would be considered exempt surplus land. Ifan affordable housing developer is recruited between 2024 and 2026, building permits could  additional residential properties with an AHO.  bei issued prior to the end of this Housing Element cycle  State density bonus incentives. Priority  processing and potential deferral of fees (pending on funding availability) will be offered ifthe project includes units affordable to extremely low income households and those with Ifby the end of 2027, no development interest is expressed for the City Hall site, the City are similar to the City-owned site as they are located in the most urbanized areas of the City. This timing would allow for housing construction to occur prior to the end of this  special needs.  will designate additional residential properties with an AHO  These areas  Housing Element cycle. Funding: General Fund Monitoring: City Planner and City Manager AFFH Themes Addressed:  New Opportunities in High Resource Areas  Housing Mobility AFFH Geographic Target Areas:  Large residential parcels in northern Bradbury and in AHO.  AFFH Outcomes:  Create SRO units by 18 units through SRO developments over eight years. Create affordable units in AHO by 18 units over eight years.  Program 7: Procedures and Zoning Code Provisions for Affordable Housing and Special Needs Households - The City will amend the Development Code and development procedures to address housing options for persons with special needs as well as to expand affordable housing  opportunities. These include:  Emergency Shelters - The parking standards outlined in the Development Code do not comply with AB 139. (Given that the City has not designated other sites beside the City Hall site for emergency shelter. separation requirement is not applicable. The City also has  Housing Element. 2021-2029  Chapter VI  Page VI-7    Housing Element 2021-2029  Housing Policies, Programs & Quantified Objectives  not established a bed limit for the shelter overlay.)  Employee Housing - Many of the estates in Bradbury operate equestrian ranches and/or orchards and provide housing for the permanent farm workers employed on site. Currently, such housing can be provided as individual single room occupancy (SRO) units or multi- unit SRO buildings, bunk houses, or accessory dwelling units. The City will review its development standards and processing procedures for small employee housing for consistency with thel Employeel Housing Act and amend thel Development Code as appropriate. Residential Care Facilities - The City allows residential care facilities for seven or more persons ini most residential zones via the approval ofa Conditional Use Permit (CUP). The City will allow residential care facilities for seven or more in all residential zones and review and revise the conditions for approval to ensure they are objective and provide Density Bonus = Amend the Development Code to establish density bonus provisions Transtiona/Supportive Housing and Low Barrier Navigation Center (LBNC) - Amend thel Development Code to add transtionalsupportive housing and) LBNC as permitted uses in the AHO. Transitional and supportive housing is considered regular residential use to be similarly permitted as similar residential uses in the same zone. Supportive housing meeting the specific requirements established in AB 2162 will be permitted by right without discretionary review where multi-family housing or mixed use is permitted. Ifthe project is located within 0.5 mile from transit, then no minimum parking can be required. Definition of Family - Amend the Development Code to remove the requirement for "a common housekeeping management plan based on an intentionally structured relationship By the end of December 2023. establish written procedures for the streamlined ministerial  certainty and consistency in outcomes. consistent with the State Density Bonus law.  providing organization and stability." approval process pursuant to SB35.  Actions and' Timing:  ByJuly2023, amend thel Development Codet toa address emergency: shelters, employee housing, residential care facilities for seven or more persons, density bonus provisions, ranstionalsupportive housing, low barrier navigation centers, and definition of family, and  Funding: General Fund Monitoring: City Planner and City Manager AFFH Themes Addressed: Housing Mobility AFFH Geographic Target Areas: InAHO. AFFH Outcomes:  Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter VI  Page VI-8    Housing Element. 2021-2029  Housing Policies, Programs & Quantified Objectives  Create affordable units in AHO by 18 units over eight years.  Policy3: Continue to encourage housing for lower (including extremely low) and moderate income households through the preservation and development of accessory dwellings units Program 8: Accessory Dwelling Unit (ADU)Junior ADU - In compliance with recent changes in State law, and as a means of facilitating thej provision ofsmaller, more affordable accessory units, the City amended the Development Code in 2021 to permit ADU and Fire Zone ADU (FZADU) and Junior ADU (JADU) in all: residential zones. The City will develop incentives to  (ADUs)/junior ADUS, and SRO developments.  facilitate the development of these various types of ADUS.  Actions and Timing:  Facilitate the development of eight ADUS/JADUS over. Housing Element planning period. By July 2023, amend the ADU ordinance to address comments from the State HCD to Bythe end of2023, developi pre-approved plans for detached ADUstos streamline approval. By the end of 2023, update the City website to include resources to assist in ADU By! the end of 2023, create an ADU handout that includes information on standards for the Conduct a survey on ADUS/JADUS every other year to monitor development trends, and ifby the end of2025 and by the end of2027 trends are below that projected in this Housing Element, within one year develop additional incentives or strategies to encourage  comply with State law. development.  variety of accessory living quarters permitted in the City.  ADU/JADU production. Funding: General Fund Monitoring: City Planner and City Manager AFFH Themes Addressed: Housing Mobility AFFH Geographic Target Areas:  Large residential parcels in northern Bradbury. Create ADU/JADUS by eight units over eighty years.  AFFH Outcomes:  Policy4: Continue to work to remove governmental constraints that limit or discourage the Program 9: Development Streamlining Program - The City will continue to implement streamlined permit processing in the City, and has developed a "Building 101" handout toj provide clear information to development applicants. Staff will continue to process small single-story dwellings and additions that comply with City zoning regulations without requiring Planning Commission review. This process significantly reduces development processing time.  development of new housing in the City.  Housing. Element 2021-2029  Chapter VI  Page VI-9    Housing Element. 2021-2029 Actions and' Timing: Funding: General Fund  Housing. Policies, Programs & Quantified Objectives  Ongoing monitoring of development process and procedures.  Monitoring: City Planner and City Manager  Program 10: Conditions for Neighborhood Compatibility Review Development of any accessory living quarter (SRO developments and guest houses), and larger projects over 1,000 square feet requires neighborhood compatibility review through the Architectural Review process. Inaddition tot the standard findings for Architectural Review, approval ofaccessory living quarters requires additional findings that may not meet SB 330 objective development standard  requirements. Actions and Timing:  By July 2023, review and revise the findings for Architectural Review for general projects over 1,000 square feet and for the approval of accessory living quarter; remove findings regarding neighborhood compatibility that may be considered subjective and replace with  findings that are objective and facilitate certainty in outcomes.  Funding: General Fund Monitoring: City Planner and City Manager AFFH Themes Addressed:  New Opportunities in High Resource Areas  Housing Mobility AFFH Geographic Target Areas:  Large residential parcels in northern Bradbury and in AHO. Create ADU/JADUS by eight units over eight years. Create SRO units by 18 units through SRO developments over eight years. Create affordable units in AHO by 18 units over eightyears.  AFFH Outcomes:  Policy 5: Work to conserve and improve the existing housing (including affordable Program 11: Code Enforcement Program - The City will continue to use code enforcement measures where required to ensure that the existing housing stock in the City is maintained and  housing) in the City.  preserved in a safe and sanitary condition. Actions and Timing:  Facilitate the rehabilitation of eight units (including accessory living quarters. ADUS/ADUS.and  SRO units) to comply with current housing and: zoning codes.  Funding: General Fund Monitoring: City Manager Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter VI  Page VI-10    Housing Element 2021-2029 AFFH Themes Addressed: AFFH Geographic Target Areas:  Housing Policies, Programs & Quantified Objectives  Place-Based Strategies for Neighborhood Improvements  Parcels with existing accessory living quarters, ADUS/JADUS. and SRO units. Facilitate the rehabilitation of eight housing units over eight years.  AFFH Outcomes:  Program 12: Historic Preservation Program and Mills Act - The City will continue to implement its historic preservation and Mills Act programs to offer property tax relief as an incentive to preserve, restore, rehabilitate, and maintain historic resources in the community.  Actions and Timing:  By July 2023, update City website to promote Mills Act incentives. tou utilize the associated Mills Acti incentives for preservation.  Conserve the eight historically significant residential structures identified in the City's 2012-2030 General Plan, and encourage property owners to pursue listing as a qualified historic property and  Funding: General Fund Monitoring: City Planner AFFH Themes Addressed:  Place-Based Strategies for Neighborhood Improvements  AFFH Geographic Target Areas: Parcels with historic homes.  AFFH Outcomes:  Facilitate the conservation of eight housing units over eighty years. Policy 6: Assist and address the needs of the homeless.  Program 13: Homeless Outreach and Supportive Services = The City will work with social service agencies providing services to homeless persons/families. The City of Bradbury periodically provides financial assistance to shelters in the surrounding area that provide housing and assistance to the homeless. The City will continue to support agencies that serve the homeless and other special needs populations, such as persons with disabilities, subject to funding  availability. Actions and Timing: Funding: General Fund Monitoring: Administrative Assistant  Annually review funding allocation to nonprofits as part of the City'sa annual budget process.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter VI  Page VI-11    Housing Element 2021-2029  Housing Policies, Programs & Quantified Objectives  Policy7: Promote and encourage energy conservation and affordable housing.  Program 14: Energy Conservation Program = The City will provide informational materials on green building techniques and materials and will provide data to propeliy owners and builders. The City will work with the San Gabriel Valley Councilo ofGovernments, the San Gabriel Valley Energy Wise Partnership, and others ini implementation ofits Climate. Action Plan, and will report annually  on its progress. Actions and Timing:  Annual Reporting to Council on GHG emission targets. Handout willl be available through the City's website.  By the end of 2023, create a Green Building Handout for property owners and developers.  Funding: General Fund Monitoring: City Planner B. Quantified Objectives Housing Element planning period:  The following Table VI-1 summarizes Bradbury's quantified objectives for the 2021-2029  TABLE VI-1  QUANTIFIED HOUSING UNIT DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES 2021-2029  Income Level Extremely Low Very Low Low Moderate Above Moderate TOTALS SROunits  New Construction 8 8 9 9 7 41  Rehabilitation  Conservation  4 8  4 8  New Construction An average oft two single-family homes and one second unit per year. Conservation- Preservation ofk historic properties through policies and Mills Act contracts.  Rehabilitation Units rehabilitated due to Code Enforcement efforts including accessory living quarters, ADUS/JADUS. and  Housing Element 2021-2029  Chapter VI  Page VI-12    Housing Element 2021-2029  AppendixA A  CITY F/Z BRADBURY  Housing Element 2021-2029  APPENDIX A PUBLIC OUTREACH  The City of Bradbury began the Housing Element update process in Spring 2021. The City held two Housing Element Study Sessions with City Council addressing the following topics: April 20, 2021: Introduction to the Housing Element Update process, requirements, March 7, 2022: Review strategy to: meet RHNA, especially lower income units, revisions tot the Development Code to comply with State law, and provisions for single-room  RHNA, and possible strategies to meet RHNA. occupancy (SRO) units and SRO developments.  In addition, the City has conducted discussions with the City Council on various housing topics: March 1, 2021 - Kickoff of] Housing Element update and potential challenges February 7, 2022 - Re-initiation of thel Housing Element update after delays due to  staffing constraints  Pursuant Governor Newsom's Executive Order N-20-20, meetings were. held virtually via zoom. In addition to announcing the meeting on the City's website, a special flyer was prepared and sent to agencies and organizations that serve special needs populations in the region, market-rate and affordable housing developers in the region, and agencies/individuals that have provided comments to the City's Housing Element update. A list oft the stakeholders is found in the next During the various public meetings, the public has expressed concerns regarding the City's ability to accommodate additional housing given its unique characteristics. In response to these concerns while addressing Housing Element requirements, the City is proposing to revise the provisions for SRO housing (to require cooking facilities and therefore can function as an adequate living unit) and to amend the. Affordable Housing Overlay to permit multi-family affordable housing development. The City of Bradbury offered opportunities for the public to comment on housing-related issues and on the Draft 2021-20291 Housing Element. The Draft Housing Element was made available for Public Review from April 29, 2022 to May 30, 2022. Notices were sent to stakeholders to inform them (see below). The City receiveda a  Both meetings were held in the evening and conducted in English.  page.  Housing Element 2021-2029  AppendixA  Page A-1    Housing Element 2021-2029  AppendixA  Public Comment Letter on May 31, 2022 from Californians for Homeownership. The City sent a direct response to the commenter. The Draft was submitted to] HCD for review on June 15, 2022 AI Revised Draft Housing Element was prepared to respond tol HCD's comments (received September 1, 2022). A Revised Draft was available for public review on February 27, 2023 and sent to HCD on April 6, 2023. HCD sent another comment letter and additional revisions were made. These changes were discussed at Special Study Sessions of the City Council on July6 2023 and July 26, 2023. The Revised Draft was available for public review on August 15, 2023 and sent tol HCD on August 22, 2023. Pursuant to SB 1087, the City will provide the adopted  Housing Element to its water and sewer service providers.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix. A  Page A-2    Housing Element 2021-2029  AppendixA  Figure. A- 1: Notice of Preparation of the 2021-2029 Housing Element (April 7,2021)  CITYof BRADBURY Incorpontted july 26, 1957  April7,2021  SUBJECT: Notification of preparation of the City of Bradbury 2021-2029 Housing  Element  Hello,  The City of Bradbury has begun the process ofp preparing the Housing Element for the 2021-2029 Planning Period and would like your participation. There will be an introductory presentation att the April 20, 2021 City Council meeting, whicht begins at7:00 p.m., andy will be conducted remotely via Zoom. The presentation will cover the! basics of the 2021-2029 Housing Element requirements and the housing needs that the updated The City of Bradbury is requesting input for the 2021-2029 Housing Element. Questions and information can be submitted to the City's Planning Department at Bradbury City Hall, 600 Winston Avenue, Bradbury, CA 91008; or by email to Information for the April 20, 2021 City, Council Zoom meeting. and the current Housing Element can be found on the City's website at alshotadhanccte Public hearings will be held later this year by the Planning Commission and City Council to review a draft of the 2021-2019 Housing Element. Notices oft these hearings  Housing Elementi is to address. Msaaachgladprzon  services/planning: pAtmnhoanaeet Thank youf for your attention tot this matter.  willl be sent toy you. Sincerey. 4 dim Kasama City Planner  600 Winiton Avenue Bradhurs Califarnia 91008 * (6261 158 3218 : 16261 303-5154hx  Housing. Element 2021-2029  Appendix. A  Page. A-3    Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix A  Figure A- 2: Notice of Public Review Period for the Draft Housing Element (April 29, 2022)  CITY ofBRADBURY Incorporated Jab26,1957  Elected Officials Meyer Flhabeh Bruny, Disricis Mayor Pru-l Tem Bruce! lathrop. Disiric4 Cowncineler RichardG. Darakar, Disttio3 Cownrinimie RichadT. Hale.) Jt.Districrl Coucimuember Staff Clym Maager Kevin Kearney GyClet Claudlsallana Managanor Anabt: Sophial Muss Cya Amarmey Cary Reisman Bwilingparter Mark Handier CnEnginer David Giherson Giy Planier Jin Kauna Finner Dinner Surals Malkui  April 29, 2022 HOUSING ELEMENT Dear Stakeholder:  RE: PUBLICCOMMENT PERIOD FOR THE CITY OFI BRADBURY'S The City of] Bradbury ("City')has drafted its sixth cycle Housing Element (HE')f for public review and comment. The City's draft HE can be viewed by 9X departmenthousing. element. php The draft HE: is available: forj public comment and for the next 30 days ending onl Monday, May 23, 2022 at 5:00pm. Comments can bes submitted via email tol Kevin! Kearney, City Manager, at! keimey@aiyoltandhuipyor or via mail  D. Mo:tpomery! Lewis, Dinkr2 visiting the City's website at:  to: Bradbury City Hall ATTN: Kevin] Kearney, City Manager 600 Winston Avenue Bradbury, CA91008  For additional information and/or questions, please contact. Jim Kasama by phone at (626)358-3218 or by email atj asmgeiyohndhuyorg  Sincerely, KK Kevinl Kearey CityManager  600 Winston Avenue, Bradbury, CA 91008 . 626.358.3218 fax 626.303.5154  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix A  Page A-4    h    Housing Element 2021-2029  AppendixA  CITY OfBRADBURY Incorporated) Jb:26, 1957  Elected Officials Mayr RichardG. Barakat, District3 MewrPre-Tem RichardT Hae,)t,Dticl BruceLathrop, Coiwemker District4 Couriimhr ElirabethB Bruny, Distcts Staff KevinKeamey CiyMmager CiyCin*k Dianejensen Magymat.-Anabar MarioF Floces Ciy Artomgy CaryP Reisman BwillgIapesr Ciy Erginerr David Gibertson Ciy Plaouer Jimk Kasama Fhal Dicor Sureshn Malkan  To whomi itr may concern:  Comnrihvmber Montgomerylews, Distict2 The City of Bradbury has recently made changes to its Housing Element in  response to comments received from HCD. We invite you review the Housing Element, especially Chapter VI which contains the City's programs. The City Council will be holding a hearing on the adoption of this sometime in the begmingofNovember: andy youy willr receive additional notice ofthishearing. The revised Housing Element can be found on the City of Bradbury's website: htps/www.dlyolbradburyorghenisa/pamint.depatmenthousing.elementphp Please feel freet to contact me with any comments or questions at (626)358-3218  or via email at! amy@aibolsahyog  Sincerely, KK Kevin] Kearney CityManager  600 Winston Avenue, Bradbury, CAS 91008 . 626.358.3218 . fax 626.303.5154  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix A  Page. A-6    Housing Element 2021-2029  AppendixA  Figure. A- 4: Stakeholder List San Gabriel Valley Habitat for Humanity 724 E. Huntington Drive Monrovia, CA 91016 Southern California Presbyterian Homes 5161 Burchett Street Glendale, CA 91203 Abode Communities 1149S S. Hill Street, Suite 700 Los Angeles, CA 90015  San Gabriei Valley/Pomona Regionai Center 75 Rancho Camino Drive Pomona, CA 91766  Ability First Pasadena, CA 9110  Foothill Unity Center, Inc. 790 W. Chestnut. Avenue Monrovia, CA 91016  Mercy Housing 1500 S. Grand Avenue, Suite 100 Los Angeles, CA 90015 National CORE Hope Through Housing Foundation 9421 Haven Avenue Rancho Cucamonga, CA 91730  Union Station Homeless Services 825 E. Orange Grove Blvd. Pasadena, CA 91104  Friends In Deed P.O. Box 41125 Pasadena, CA 91114-8125  Heritage Housing Partners 608 N. Fair Oaks Avenue, #126 Pasadena, CA 91103  Meals on' Wheels 119 W. Palm Avenue Monrovia, CA 91016  Volunteer Center oft the San Gabriel Valley  Jamboree Housing Corporation 17701 Cowan Avenue, Suite 200 Irvine, CA 92614  Meals on Wheels Duarte Senior Center 1610 Huntington Drive Duarte, CA 91010  Santa Teresita, Inc. 816 Buena Vista Street Duarte, CA 91010  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix A  Page A-7    Housing Element 2021-2029 City Ventures Attn: Briggs D'Eliscu BrasacwVentures.con Matthew Gelfand Californians for Homeownership 525 S. Virgil Avenue Los Angeles, CA90020  AppendixA  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix. A  Page. A-8    CIT OF BRADBURY  Housing Element 2021-2029  APPENDIX B  AFFIRMATIVELY FURTHERING FAIR HOUSING  A. Introduction and Overview of AB 686  In2017,Assembly. Bill 686 (AB 686)i introduced an obligation to affirmatively further fair housing (AFFH) into California state law. AB 686 defined "affirmatively further fair housing" to mean "taking meaningful actions, in addition to combat discrimination, that overcome patterns of segregation and foster inclusive communities free from barriers that restrict access to opportunity" for persons of color, persons with disabilities, and other protected classes. The Bill added an assessment of fair housing to the Housing Element which includes the following components: A summary of fair housing issues and assessment of the jurisdiction's fair housing An analysis of segregation patterns, raciallylethnically concentrated areas of poverty, disparities in access to opportunities, and disproportionate housing needs;  enforcement and outreach capacity;  An assessment of contributing factors; and Ani identification off fair housing goals and actions.  The AFFH rule was originally a federal requirement applicable to entitlement jurisdictions, those with populations over: 50,0001 that can receive HUD Community Planning and Development (CPD) funds directly from HUD. Before the 2016 federal rule was repealed in 2019, entitlement jurisdictions were required to prepare an Assessment of Fair Housing (AFH) or Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice (AI). AB 686 states that jurisdictions can incorporate This analysis of fair housing issues in the City of Bradbury relies on the 2021 Pre-Certified Local Housing Data for the City prepared by the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG), the 2019 Local Profiles Report prepared by SCAG, the 2018 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice (2018 AI) prepared by the Los Angeles Community Development  findings from either report into the Housing Element.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-1    Authority (LACDA), California Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) AFFH Data Viewer mapping tool, 2015-2019 American Community Survey (ACS), HUD Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS) data, HUD AFFH data, and additional  local sources ofinformation. B. Overview of Bradbury Demographic and. Housing Summary  The City of Bradbury is a small, residentialequestrian-orientated community of less than 1,000 residents nestled at the base oft the San Gabriel Mountains below Angeles National Forest in Los Angeles County. Incorporated since July 26, 1957, the City is a true "contract city." The community encompasses 1.9 square miles, and includes 3.2 miles of public streets and roads. Bradbury is bordered on the west by the City of Monrovia, on the south and east by the City of In 2020. the City had aj population of 833 persons. Ofthis total, 398 are males (47.8 percent), and 435 (52.2 percent) are females and a median age of46.2 years. This figure is significantly higher than thel Los Angeles County median age of 36.5 years (2015-2019 ACS). Int the 53 years between incorporation and the 2015-2019 ACS, the City's population grew by 315 individuals to a total of The City has a diverse population, with Whites being the largest group (45.1 percent), but also has a significant share of Asian/Pacific Islander residents (37.5 percent) and Hispanic residents (14.9 percent). The City also has one oft the highest median incomes of the area San Gabriel region and more than twice the County's median income. Figure 1 shows a demographic summary ofthe City compared to Los Angeles County and the SCAG region as presented in the SCAG's 2019 Local The vast majority (97 percent) oft thel housing in the City are single-family, detached units. In fact, over thej past two decades, there has only been nine newi multi-family residential units added tot the City's stock, compared to 35 single-family residential. Like the rest of California, home prices have increases significantly in the past 20 years. Between 2000 and 2018, median home sales prices in] Bradbury increased 82 percent from 743,000 in 20001 to 1$.34: million in 2018. Prices in Bradbury have ranged from al low of158.2 percent oft the SCAG region median in 2007 and al high of725.3 in 2009, but are consistently higher than Los Angeles County and the SCAG region.  Duarte.  833 persons, or an increase of 60.8 percent.  Profiles Report for the City.  2021 Pre-Certified Local Housing Data, SCAG  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-2    Figure 1: 2018 Demographic and Housing Comparisons- Bradbury, LA County, and SCAG  2018 STATISTICAL SUMMARY  Los Angeles Bradbury Relative to  Cotegory 2018 Total Population 2018A Population Density (Persons per Square Mile) 2018 Median Age! (Vears) 2018 Hispanic 20181 Non-Hispanic White 20181 Non-Hispanic. Asian 20181 Non-Hispanic Black 20181 Non-Hispanic. American Indian orA Alaska Native 2018AlIOther Non-Hispanic 2018 Number of Households 2018Average Household: Size 2018A Median Household Income 2018 Number of Housing Units 2018 Homeowmership Rate 20181 Median Existing Home Sales Price 2017-2018 Median Home Sales Price Change 2018 Drive Alone tol Work 20181 Mean Travel Time tol Work (minutes) 2017 Number of Jobs 2016- 20171 Totall Jobs Change 2017Average Salary per Job 2018K-12P Public School Student Enrollment Departmento ofEducation; ands SCAG Angeles County. respectives sources.  Bradbury 1,069 545 46.9 11.9% 40.7% 44.3% 1.6% 0.2% 1.3% 354 3.0 $150,119 409 78.3% $1,355,000 -2.9% 74.0% 36.1 153 1 $49,874 757  SCAG Region 19,145,421 494 35.8 46.5% 31.4% 12.8% 6.3% 0.2% 2.8% 6,132,938 3.1 $64,989 6,629,879 52.4% $561,000 6.5% 75.8% 30.2 8,465,304 76,197 $60,956 2,975,283  County 10,283,729 2,518 36.0 48.4% 26.5% 14.3% 7.9% 0.2% 2.7% 3,338,658 3.0 $61,015 3,546,863 52.4% $597,500 6.7% 73.7% 30.9 4,767,204 23,801 $66,037 1,482,258  Los Angeles County*  [0.01%] -1,973 10.9 -36.5% 14.2% 30.0% -6.3% 0.0% -1.4% [0.0196) 0.0 89,104 [0.01%) 25.9% 757,500 -9.6% 0.3% 5.2 [0.003%) [0.003%] -16,163 [0.1%)  Sources: U.S. CensusA American Community: Survey, 2017; Nielsen co.; California Department ofF Finance E-5, May2 2018; Corelogi/Dataquidk; California Numbers with! (Irepresent Bradbury'ss share ofl LOS Angeles County. The unbracketed numbersr represent thed difference between Bradbury: andl Los Mappedj jurisdictional boundaries area asofluly1, 2016 anda aref forv visual purposes only. Reportd data, however, areu updated accordingt to their  Source: 2019 Local Profiles Report- City of Bradbury. SCAG.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-3    Bradbury Geography  The City of Bradbury isi made up ofone Census Tract (4302.00) and one block group. Fair housing analysis is provided at the Tract level in the subsequent sections oft this. AFFH analysis.  C.A Assessment of] Fair Housing Issues  1.  Fair Housing Enforcement and Outreach  Federal fair housing laws prohibit discrimination based on: race, color, religion, national origin, sex/gender, handicap/disability, and familial status. Specific federal legislation and court rulings  include:  The Civil Rights Act of 1866- covers only race and was the first legislation ofi its The Federal Fair Housing Act 1968- covers refusal to rent, sell, or finance The Fair Housing Amendment Act of 1988- added the protected classes of The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)- covers public accommodations in Shelly V. Kramer 1948- made it unconstitutional to use deed restrictions to exclude Jones V. Mayer 1968- made: restrictive covenants illegal and unenforceable  kind  handicap and familial status  both businesses and in multi-family housing developments  individuals from housing  California state fair housing laws protect the same classes as the federal laws with the addition of marital status, ancestry, source ofi income, sexual orientation, and arbitrary discrimination. Specific  State legislation and regulations include:  Unruh Civil Rights Act- extends to businesses and covers age and arbitrary California Fair Employment and Housing Act (Rumford Act)- covers the area ofe employment and housing, with the exception of single-family houses with no California Civil Code Section 53- takes measures against restrictive covenants Department of Real Estate Commissioner's Regulations 2780-2782- defines disciplinary actions for discrimination, prohibits panic selling and affirms the Business and Professions Code- covers people who hold licenses, including real  discrimination  more than one: roomer/boarder  broker's duty to supervise  estate agents, brokers, and loan officers.  The City works to comply with applicable federal and State fair housing laws and to ensure that housing is available to all persons without regard toi race, color, religion, national origin, disability, familial status, or sex. Further, the Los Angeles County Development Authority (LACDA) prohibits discrimination in any aspect of housing on the basis of race, color, religion, national  origin, disability, familial status, or sex.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-4    Regional Trend  According to HUD's Office of Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity (FHEO) records, 130 housing discrimination cases were filed in Los Angeles County in 2020, compared to 291 in 2010. In 2020, amajority ofcases were related to disability (66 percent).. Another 21 percent ofcases were related to racial bias. The percent of cases related to disability has increased significantly since 2010, FHEO2 inquires by City, public housing buildings, subsidized housing units and housing choice voucher (HCV) households by tract are shown in Figure 2. In the San Gabriel Valley and region surrounding Bradbury, the most common frequency of fair housing inquiries was <.25 inquiries per 1,000 persons, with Irwindale having the highest frequency at 0.69 inquires per 1,000 persons. Subsidized housing units are concentrated south and west of Bradbury in Pasadena and the City of Los Angeles while public housing buildings are: mostly concentrated in the area between the City of Los Angeles and East Los Angeles. HCVs are most concentrated in similar areas including- Figure 2: Regional Public Housing Buildings, Subsidized Housing, FHEO Inquiries, and  when only 36 percent of cases reported a disability bias.  Pasadena, San Gabriel, Monterrey Park, and the City ofLos Angeles.  HCV Use  4:17:21PM s7Units 35Units 36-8 89Units  JCity'Town Boundaries A)SubsidizedH Housingt (CHPC.2021) RPubicH HousingBldings RIFHEOing.lesby Ciyn (HUD.: 2013-2021) NoData  Tract  .25Inquiries .5Ingtiries <linquiy  >0-5% 5-155 1545-304 MID221  Source: HCD. Data Viewer, HUD2013-2021, 2021.  2F Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity (FHEO). Inquires span from 01/01/2013-  03/19/2021.  Housing. Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-5    The Housing Rights Center (HRC), under contract with the Community Development Authority of the County of Los Angeles (CDC) Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) Urban County Program, provides fair housing services to City residents, other County entitlement jurisdictions, and Los. Angeles Urban County Area. HRC: is a non-profit agency whose mission is to actively support and promote fair housing through education and advocacy. The services provided by HRC include the investigation and resolution of! housing discrimination complaints, discrimination auditing and testing, and education and outreach, including the dissemination of fair housing information such as written material, workshops, and seminars. The materials are made available free to the public in several different languages including English, Spanish, Korean, Mandarin, Armenian, Cantonese and Russian. Depending on the audience, the presentations can be translated by staff into Armenian, Mandarin, Spanish, or Russian. Landlord/tenant counseling is another fair housing service that involves informing landlords and tenants of their rights and responsibilities under fair housing law and other consumer protection  legislations as well as mediating disputes between tenants and landlords.  Inl FY 2019-2020, HRC: received 2,038 calls for general housing inquiries and 356 calls related to fairl housingi inquiries. Among the 3561 inquires, fair housing issues relating to disabilities (physical andi mental) represented thei majority (82 percent) ofthep protected classifications. Trailing distantly During FY 2019-2020, 83 fair cases were opened, with the majority being reconciled or withdrawn. Two cases were referred to litigation and three cases were referred to the Department of] Fair Employment and Housing (DFEH). Among the 83 cases opened, physical disability (47 percent), mental disability (22 percent), and source ofincome(191 percent) represented the majority Annually, HRC conducts outreach and education throughout the Los Angeles Urban County. The HRC organizes an annual fair housing conference and resource fair for housing providers and advocates. Housing rights workshops are offered to landlords, property managers, and community members. Information on federal and state fair housing laws, common forms of housing discrimination, protected characteristics, unlawful practices, and fair housing liability is presented tov workshopparticipants. Bilingual media outlets (primarily English and Spanish). ands social media platforms are used to promote the conference and scheduled workshops and to provide general information on: fair housing. In addition, HRCI has aj permanent Free Weekly Workshops currently being conducted online which include a Facebook Live Q&A (Mondays) and COVID-19 Tenant Protection Updates (Fridays). Residents can register for the workshops at: Information on rental housing options gathered from various classified and rental property sources is published on HRC's website on a monthly basis and distributed to the public and to social services representatives throughout the County. Individual assistance is provided to Los Angeles County landlords and renters, many of whom are low- and moderate-income, seeking information on a variety of general housing topics. Typical activities include Public Service  behind was source ofincome at five percent of the inquiries.  oft the protected classes.  nttps:/www.housingrightscenter.org/ar-housing-education  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-6    AmmouncementsmediaAdverisements; community presentations; literature distribution; and For federally funded Urban County programs, the County has committed to complying with the Fair Housing Act, Title VIII of the Civil Rights Act of 1968, as amended by the Fair Housing Amendments Act of1988, 42 U.S.C. $8 3601 et seq., by ensuring that housing is available to all persons without regard to race, color, religion, national origin, disability, familial status (having children under age 18), or sex. LACDA prohibits discrimination in any aspect ofhousing on the basis of race, color, religion, national origin, disability, familial status, or sex. Furthermore, the HRC, under contract with LACDA, monitors fair housing compliance for both state and federal  management trainings.  fair housing laws. Local Trend  Housing Rights Center (HRC) provides Bradbury residents with fair housing education and counselling services. As explained above, HRC conducts weekly online workshops and organizes an annual fair housing conference and resource fair for housing providers and advocates. The effectiveness of these outreach efforts could not be determined for this AFFH. The City has Fair Housing Information on its website3 though it only directs residents to HUD's complaint process While no City-level data was available from the HRC on fair housing inquiries and complaints, HUDI reported that Bradburyreceived zero. FHEO: inquiriesl between. January 2013 and March 2021 (shown as less than 0.25 0.42 inquiries per 1,000 people in Figure 3). There are also no public housing building, subsidized housing units, or HCV users* in the City of Bradbury. Tracts with higher concentrations of renters receiving HCVs are found south of Bradbury in Monrovia and  and fair housing information.  Duarte. In addition there are: no records of fair housing testing for the City.  Mtpnwapolnhnporispissplamng department/fair housing information.php Toj protect the confidentiality ofr renters receiving HCVs, tracts containing 10 or fewer voucher holders have been omitted from this dataset. Soi it may be that less than10 HCV: renters reside in the Bradbury  census tract.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-7    Figure 3: Public Housing Buildings, FHEO Inquiries, and HCVS  w  aveopans a  3:21:2022, 606:48PM CiyTownE Boundaries (A) SynsERdHausng.CHPC: 2021; NoData RIFHEO inquiresby Cityi IHUD. 2013-2021) J>0-6S 25Incuiries  0.25 112  (R:Housing Vouchers- Tract  Source: HCD. Data Viewer, HUD2013-2021, 2021.  Community Participation Process  The preparation, adoption, and implementation ofal housing element requires a diligent effort to include all economic segments of the community. AB 686 reinforces and builds on this requirement. Under AB 686 and changes to Housing Element Law, the element must describe meaningful, frequent, and ongoing community participation, consultation, and coordination that is integrated with the broader stakeholder outreach and community participation process for the The preparation of the Housing Element included a kickoff workshop held at a City Council Meeting on April 20, 2021 and another City Council workshop on March 7, 2022 to discuss the City's strategy to meet RHNA and the Development Code amendments needed to comply with State law. The City mailed an interested party list a notification of the workshops as well as  overall housing element.  advertised the workshops in the City website.  Summary of Fair Housing Issues: Fair Housing Enforcement and Outreach  The City did not have any fair housing complains or housing choice voucher users according to the most recent data posted in] HCD's AFFH Data Viewer. There are also noi records offair housing testing during the 6th Cycle planning period. The City does appear to be lacking in its outreach efforts- both in disseminating fair housing services and in engaging the public during thel Housing  Element Process.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-8    2. Integration and Segregation Race and Ethnicity  Ethnic and racial composition of a region is useful in analyzing housing demand and any related fair housing concerns, as it tends to demonstrate a relationship with other characteristics such as The following analysis ofracial/ethnic segregation also includes racial/ethnic minority population trends, maps ofminority concentrated areas over time, and an analysis oft the City's sites inventory As shown in Table 1, racial/ethnic minority groups make up 73.8 percent of the Los Angeles County population. Nearly half of the Los Angeles County population is Hispanic/Latino (48.5 percent), 26.2 percent of the population is White, 14.4 percent is Asian, and 7.8 percent is Black/African American. Bradbury adjacent jursdictions-AZUS4, Duarte, and Monrovia- have racial/ethnic minority (non-White): populations similar the Countywide average. However, unlike its neighbors and the County, Bradbury'sl Hispanic population is only 15 percent. Oft the selected neighboring jurisdictions, Azusa has the largest racial/ethnic minority population (63.1 percent), Table 1: Racial/Ethnic Composition - L.A. County, Bradbury, and Neighboring Cities  household size, locational preferences and mobility.  as itrelates to minority (non-White) concentrated areas.  Regional Trend  and Monrovia has the smallest (41.1 percent).  LA County Bradbury 26.2% 7.8% 0.2% 14.4% 0.2% 2.6% 48.5%  Azusa 19.1% 3.2% 0.2% 12.4% 0.1% 2.0% 63.1%  Duarte 24.7% 5.5% 0.5% 17.1% 0.1% 2.3% 49.9%  Monrovia 34.5% 5.3% 0.0% 14.7% 1.2% 3.2% 41.1%  White Black/ African American American Indian/ Alaska Native Asian Native Hawaiian/ Pacific Islander Other' Hispanic/Latino Notes:  45.1% 1.0% 0.0% 37.5% 0.0% 1.6% 14.9%  1.S Some other race alone and two two more races. Source: ACS2 2015-2019 (5-Year Estimates).  To measure segregation in a given jurisdiction, the US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) provides racial or ethnic dissimilarity trends. Dissimilarity indices are used to measure the evenness with which two groups (frequently defined on racial or ethnic characteristics) are distributed across the geographic units, such as block groups within a community. The index ranges from zero 0 to 100, with zero denoting no segregation and 100 indicating complete segregation between the two groups. The: index score can be understood. as the percentage of one of the two groups that would need to move toj produce an even distribution of racial/ethnic groups within the specified area. For example, ifa an index score above 60, 60 percent  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-9    ofpeople in the specified area would need to move to eliminate segregation. The: following shows  how HUD views various levels oft the index:  <40: Low Segregation 40-54: Moderate Segregation >55: High Segregation  Dissimilarity indices for) Los Angeles County are shown in Table2.I Dissimilarity indices between non-White and White groups indicate that the County has become increasingly segregated since 1990. Segregation between Black and White communities has decreased, while segregation between Hispanic and. Asian/Pacific Islander communities and White communities has increased. According to HUD's thresholds, all White and non-White communities in Los Angeles County  arel highly segregated.  Table 2: Racial/Ethnic Dissimilarity Trends - Los Angeles County  1990 2000 2010 2020 56.66 56.72 56.55 58.53 73.04 67.40 64.99 68.24 60.88 63.03 63.35 64.33 46.13 48.19 47.62 51.59  Non-White/White Black/White Hispanic/White Asian or Pacific Islander/White  Source: U.S. Department of] Housing and Urban Development (HUD) Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing (AFFH) Database, 2020.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-10    Figure 4 shows that most areas in Los Angeles County have high concentrations of racial/ethnic minorities. Coastal cities, including Santa Monica and Redondo Beach, and the areas surrounding Beverly Hills, West Hollywood, Burbank, and the Pacific Palisades neighborhood generally have smaller non-White populations. Most block groups in the South Bay, San Gabriel Valley, San Fernando Valley and central Los Angeles areas have majority racial/ethnic minority populations. Bradbury's racial/ethnic minority populations are smaller than surrounding jurisdictions. Communities east of Bradbury, such as Glendora and La Verne, also have fewer racial/ethnic  minorities.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-11    Figure 4: Regional Racial/Ethnic Minority Concentrations (2018)  Burbn,  a  LosAngeles  Dewnd Eyrecas  tocaaa  3/22/2022, 4:22:08F PM CiyTown Boundaries (R)F Racial Demographics (2018)- Block Group s: 20% 21-40% 41-6095 61-80% >81%  1:288,895 2.75 5.5  11ml 18km  Bureeus EsA, HERE. Carme, 212:, ESRLU US  Esn, HERE, CAHCD  County allosArgees. Sresis sttandMarssemert.: Es, HERE, Gamn,USGS.E EFANPSI Source: HCD. AFFH Data Viewer, 2021.  2021,  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-12    Local Trend  According to the 2015-2019 ACS, 55 percent of the Bradbury's population belongs to a racial or ethnic minority group, a slight increase from 51 percent during the 2006-2010 ACS (Table 3). In comparison, 73.8 percent ofLos Angeles County residents belong to a racial or ethnic minority group in 2019.. Asian (37.5 percent) and Hispanic (14.9 percent) populations make up most oft the minority population in Bradbury. Bradbury also has one of the highest concentrations of Asian populations compared to its neighbors and Countywide, where Asian residents make up 12 to 17 Table 3 shows the change ini racial/ethnic composition in Bradbury using the 2006-2010and/ 2015- 2019, ACS. Thei racial/ethnic composition in Bradbury has remained relatively constant. The White and Asian populations have decreased slightly, while the Black/African American,  percent of the population, compared tol Bradbury's 38 percent.  Hispanic/Latino, and multi-racial populations have increased slightly.  Table 3: Change in Racial/Ethnic Composition - Bradbury (2010-2019)  2010 Persons 478 6 0 394 0 100 0 978  2019 376 45.1% 8 1.0% 0 0.0% 312 37.5% 0 0.0% 124 14.9% 13 1.6% 833 100.0%  Race/Ethnicity White Black/African American American Indian/Alaska Native Asian Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander Hispanic/Latino Other Total  Percent Persons Percent  48.9% 0.6% 0.0% 40.3% 0.0% 10.2% 0.0% 100.0%  Source: 2015-2019 and 2006-2010 ACS (5-Year Estimates).  Dissimilarity indices are not available for Bradbury and since Bradbury is only made up of one census tract, areas ofi minority population concentrations cannot be determined.  Sites Inventory  Figure 5 shows the distribution of the RHNA units in the City's sites inventory by percentage minority race by tract. Since the City is only made up of one tract, all sites are located in a tract where the minority concentration is between 41 and 60 percent (or 55 percent as shown in Table  3).  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-13    Figure 5: RHNA Unit Distribution by % Minority Race by Tract  Bradbury o  0.25 Sitel Inventory enory C  0.5 Miles Racial Demographics 2018 (Block Group) Percentoft Population TotalN Non-Wnte 401  &Cis City of Bradbury AFFH Site Inventory  Disability  Persons with disabilities have special housing needs because of their fixed income, the lack of accessible and affordable housing, and the higher health costs associated with their disability. According to the 2015-2019 ACS (Table 4), 9.9 percent of Los Angeles County residents experience: a disability. Bradbury has a smaller population of persons with disabilities (8.3j percent) compared tot the County, and the neighboring cities of Azusa (8.4 percent), Duarte (12.9 percent), and Monrovia (9.2 percent). Thei most common type ofdisability in the County and all neighboring cities is ambulatory difficulties, followed by independent living difficulties and cognitive  Regional Trend  difficulties.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-14    Table 4: Disability Population- Los Angeles County, Bradbury, and Neighboring Cities  Los Angeles County 992,719 9.9% 6.6% 53.2% 46.4% 25.5% 19.8% 38.6% 54.3% 27.4% 42.8%  Bradbury Azusa Duarte  Monrovia 3,361 9.2% 3.8% 42.3% 55.9% 29.9% 18.8% 27.5% 60.0% 26.6% 46.6%  Total Persons with a Disabily % Pop with al Disability By Age Under 18 years 18-64 65 and over By Disability Type' With al hearing difficulty With a vision difficulty With a cognitive difficulty With an ambulatory difficulty With as self-care difficulty With an independent living difficulty Notes: disability.  69 8.3% 0.0% 27.5% 56.9% 72.5% 42.7% 14.5% 25.4% 18.8% 18.0% 29.0% 39.2% 84.1% 51.3% 42.0% 21.6% 34.8% 40.6%  4,172 8.4% 4.3%  2,746 12.9% 4.4% 45.7% 54.3% 26.8% 25.7% 32.1% 55.9% 25.6% 39.5%  1.Percentages do not add up to 100 percent because persons may indicate more than one type of  Source: 2015-2019 and 2006-2010 ACS (5-Year Estimates).  As shown in) Figure 61 less than 20 percent oft the population inj most tracts in Los Angeles County are persons with disabilities. Tracts with disabled populations exceeding 20 percent are not concentrated in one area of the County. Tracts with larger shares of persons with disabilities closest tol Bradbury are in Pasadena, Glendale, City ofLos Angeles, and Whittier. The concentration of persons with disabilities in Bradbury is slightly higher than its neighboring census tracts. Baldwin Park. San Gabriel, and West Covina overall tend to have more census tracts with smaller disabled populations compared to Bradbury and) Duarte.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-15    Figure 6: Regional Concentration of Persons with Disabilities (2019)  Durbrn,  Peunaenn  Anhdm  Cuniigien  3/22/2022, 4:21:17PM City/Town Boundaries (R)F Population witha Disablity (ACS. 2015-2019)- Tract < 10% 10%- 20% 20%-30% 3096-40% 40%  1288,895 2.76 5.5  11mi 18km  Courtys allosAngeles. Bana tLand Maragemat Esn. HERE. Gamn USGS. EPA Esn, HERE, Jarinm, Doensiretkse comtutors angte GIS  CauryallosAngees Burenun atlantMansgament. Ev, HERE, USGS.  ESRI US  Source: HCD. AFFH. Data Viewer, 2015-20194C5,2021.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-16    Local Trend  Since the 2009-2013ACS, the disabled population in] Bradbury increased slightly from 7.9 percent to 8.3 percent during the 2015-2019 ACS. The 69 residents, 50 of these were 65 years and older. Ambulatory difficulties and self-care difficulties are the most common disability typei in Bradbury; 84 percent ofpersons with a disabilityresidents experience: an ambulatory difficulty and 42j percent experience self-care difficulty. Bradbury's population of persons with disabilities is less than the countywide share. However, while the population of persons with disabilities tend to be split between adults and seniors, over 72 percent of Bradbury' S population with a disability is over 65 Since the City of Bradbury is made up of only one tract, there is no identifiable geographical Figure 7 shows the distribution of the sites in the City's sites inventory by percentage population with a disability by tract. Since the City is only made up ofone tract, all sites are located in a tract where the percentage oft the population with a disability is between 10 and  years old.  concentration of persons with disabilities within the City.  Sites Inventory  20 percent.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-17    Figure 7: RHNA Units by %1 Population with al Disability  Bradbury  0.25 Sitel Inventory  0.5 Populations witha Disabiity (Tract)- ACS (2015-2019) aDisability Population with  &Cis City of Bradbury AFFH Site Inventory  4  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-18    Familial Status  Familial status refers to the presence of children under the age of 18, whether the child is biologically related to the head of1 household, and the martial status of the head of households. Families with children may face housing discrimination by landlords who fear that children will cause property damage. Some landlords may have cultural biases against children of the opposite sex sharing a bedroom. Differential treatments such as limiting the number of children in a complex or confining children to a specific location are also fair housing concerns. Single parent  households are also protected by fair housing law.  Regional Trend  Approximately 30 percent ofl Bradbury households have one or more child under the age of18 (Table 5). The City's share ofl households with children is lower than the County, and the neighboring cities of Azusa and Monrovia but higher than the city of] Duarte (Table 5). For the County and the selectedj jurisdiction, single parent households make up less than 10 percent ofall households. Azusa has the highest share of single-female headed households with children (7.8 percent) while Duarte and Monrovia have the lowest (4.8 percent). More than 65 percent of children in Bradbury and the surrounding cities live ini married couple households (Table 6).  Table 5: Housing Type Composition- - Households (HH) with Children  Los Angeles Bradbury Azusa Duarte Monrovia  County 33.0% 28.3% 19.3% 2.6% 6.4%  HH with Children Married-couple HH w/children Cohabiting Couple HH w/ children Single Male HH w/ children Single Female HH w/children  30.0% 37.6% 24.8% 32.1% 18.5% 22.1% 0.0% 6.3%  28.2% 23.3% 16.0% 2.5% 4.8%  30.7% 26.5% 19.2% 2.5% 4.8%  2.2% 7.8%  Source: 2015-2019 ACS (5-Year Estimates)  Table 6: Housing Type Composition = Children Population  Los Angeles Bradbury Azusa Duarte Monrovia  County 65.2% 9.6% 5.0% 20.2%  Children Pop in: Married-couple HH Cohabiting Couple HH Single Malel HH Single Female HH  77.9% 65.0% 0.0% 10.1% 0.0% 22.1% 23.0%  68.5% 5.9% 4.0% 21.6%  69.0% 4.5% 6.8% 19.7%  1.9%  Source: 2015-2019 ACS (5-Year Estimates)  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-19    Figure 8 shows that census tracts with thel lowest percentage of children ini married-couple households are concentrated in the City ofLos Angeles andi its surrounding areas while in the San Gabriel Valley, over 40 percent of children per tract live ini married-couple households. Inversely, Figure 9 shows percent of children living in single-parent female-headed households by tract. Children ini female-headed households are most concentrated in the area southwest of Bradbury, including the City ofLos Angeles, and unincorporated Los Angeles County communities, and the areas around Long Beach and Lakewood. In general, there are: more children living in: female-headed households in the central Los Angeles County areas compared to the South Bay, Westside, Gateway, San Fernando Valley, and San Gabriel Valley cities.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-20    Figure 8: Regional Percent of Children in Married Couple Households (2019)  3/22/2022. 5:14:37F PM City/Town Boundarles 20% 20%- 40% 40%- 60% 60%- 80% 80%  1:288.895 .75  11mi 18km  (R)F Percento ofChildreni in Married- Couple Households (ACS, 2015-2019)-Tract  Courtys Gamr coerbutors, ande  Burrau Lare! Monagemat Em, HERE, OpanSteellap CAHCO ESRI, 0S  Countyat dLosArgaies. Buresis aflandMrayemer,s Ess, Gamin, USGS,  Source: HCD. AFFH. Data Viewer, 2015-2019ACS, 2021.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-21    Figure 9: Regional Percent of Children in Female-Headed Households (2019)  3,  Bosdpo  a Cmainga  a0000  3/22/2022. 5:14:02F PM City/Towne Boundaries <20% 20%- 404 40%- 60% 60%- -8046 >80%  1:288,895 .75 5,5  11mi 18km  RIF Percentof Childrenin inF Femalet Househoider, No-SpouseParnerl Present! Households (ACS.  Courtys ingeles Lae Maraganant Ea, HERE, Gamn. SGS, cerbutors, anate GISU serc sommuaty  CAHCD  CartyatissArgees Bureses atLandManagerert. Esn HERE, Gamn. USGS, EPA NPS Paselorss2121., HUC: 20181 Source: HCD. AFFH. Data Viewer, 2015-2019. ACS, 2021.  ESRI.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-22    Local Trend  Bradbury has seen a significant decrease in households with children. During the 2006-2010 ACS, there were 107 households with children representing 37 percent of all City households. The most recent 2015-2019. ACS estimates there is now only 81 households with children in Bradbury representing 30j percent oft total households. Approximately six percent ofhouseholds in the City are single-parent households with all of them being female-headed single-parent households (Table 5). Female-headed households with children require special consideration and assistance because oft their greater need for affordable housing and accessible day care, health As shown, Bradbury is only one census tract and between 60 and 80 percent of children in the census tract live in married-couple households. Census tracts surrounding Bradbury have anywhere between 40 percent and over 80j percent of children in married couple households. Figure 9 shows that the percent of children in female-headed households is between 20 and 40 percent. There is a concentration oft tracts with a larger population of children in single female- headed southeast of Bradbury in Baldwin Park and Covina. Since there is only one census tract in the City ofBradbury, geographical concentrations of children within the City could not be  care, and other supportive services.  identified. Sites Inventory  Figure 10 shows the distribution oft the sites in the City's sites inventory by percentage of children in married-couple households by tract Figure 11 shows distribution oft the sites in the City's sites inventory by percentage of children in single female-headed households by tract. Since the City is only made up of one tract, all units are located in a tract with al high concentration of children in married-couple households (78 percent) and al low concentration of  children in single female-headed households (22 percent).  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-23    Figure 10: RHNA Units by % Children in Married-Couple Households  aCis City of Bradbury AFFH Site Inventory  4  Figure 11: RHNA Units by % of Children in Single Female-Headed Households  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-24    0.25  L  a Cis City of Bradbury AFFH Site Inventory  4  Income  Identifying low- or moderate-income (LMI). geographies and individuals isi important to overcome patterns of segregation. HUD defines al LMI area as a census tract or block group where over 51 percent of the population is LMI (based on HUD's income definition of up to 80 percent of the According to Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS) data based on the 2014- 2018. ACS presented in Table 7, shows that 23 percent of Bradbury residents earn 80 percent or less than the area median family income and are considered lower income, compared to 49 percent Countywide. According to the 2015-2019. ACS, the median household income in Los Angeles County is $68,044 and was similar to median incomes in the Bradbury'si neighboring cities (Table 8). However, Bradbury's median income in 2019 is more than double that ofLos  AMI). Regional Trend  Angeles County.  Table 7: Income Level Distribution Bradbury Households Percent 25 8.6% 8 2.8%  Income Category <30% AMI 31-50% AMI  Los Angeles County Households Percent 600,340 18.2% 460,445 13.9%  $Each year, thel U.S. Department ofl Housing and Urban) Development (HUD) receives custom tabulations of American Community Survey (ACS) data from the U.S. Census Bureau. These data, known as the' "CHAS" data (Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy), demonstrate the extent ofhousing problems andl housing needs, particularly forl low income households.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-25    51-80% AMI 81-100% AMI >100% AMI Total  35 12.1% 0 0.0% 220 75.9% 290 100.0%  570,615 17.3% 316,295 9.6% 1,358,415 41.1% 3,306,110 100.0%  Source: HUD Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS) Data  (based on 2014-2018 ACS), 2020.  Table 8: Median Income  Jurisdiction Bradbury Azusa Duarte Monrovia Los Angeles County  Median Income  $146,250 $68,216 $75,083 $77,111 $68,044  Source: 2015-2019. ACS (5-Year Estimates)  Figure 12 shows LMI areas regionally. LMI households are most concentrated in the central Los Angeles County region around the City ofLos Angeles. There are smaller concentrations ofLMI households in and around the San Gabriel Valley in El Monte, Baldwin Park, Duarte and Azusa.  Housing. Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-26    Figure 12: Regional Concentration of LMI Households by Tract  abe  Ahgeles  3/23/2022, 453.20PM City/TownE Boundaries (A'Low toN Moderate Income Population (HUD)- Tract 25% 25%- 50% 50%-75% 75%- 100%  1:288,895 275 5.5 Ex cormunty  11mi 18km CAHCC  CaMysLssArgesE EVBMSLISVeEE Exi -BRE Gumn, USGS. EPA.PB Piasek: 20191 Ficellbns1621. HUDZ2DIF Paceiliona2021. ESRI. U.S. Carsus Pupers1021. Source: HCDAFFH. Data Viewer, HUD. LMI data (2011-2015A ACS), 2021.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-27    Local Trend  Bradbury'si median household income in 2019 was twice that ofLos Angeles County and its surrounding cities (Table 8). Bradbury also has the lowest concentration ofLMI households among its neighbors and most oft the San Gabriel Valley (Figure 12). All oft the census tracts surrounding Bradbury have higher concentrations ofLMI population than the City's census tract. As pointed out above, Bradbury's share ofI LMI population is lower than that ofLos Angeles County and its neighboring cities- about a quarter of Bradbury households earn. LMI incomes, compared to close to 50j percent in the County. However, some races experience! higher rates of LMI and extremely low incomes than others in the City (Table 9). While the share of White and Asian LMII households is similar to that in the City (25 percent), about 75 percent of Hispanic households in the City are considered LMI. The disproportion is also evident in extremely low income households. While only 10j percent ofall Bradbury households earn extremely low incomes, 25 percent oft the City's Hispanic households earn extremely low incomes.  Table 9: Extremely Low and LMI Households by Race/Ethnicity  HH Below Share  HH Below Share Below 80%. AMI Below 80%  Race/Ethnicity White Black Asian Am Ind Paci Is Hispanic All  Total HH 30% AMI 30% AMFI (LMI)  AMI (LMI) 34 20.9% 0 0.0% 30 26.1% 0 0 12 75.0% 71 24.4%  163 4 115 0 0 16 291  12 0 14 0 0 4 29  7.4% 0.0% 12.2% 25.0% 10.0%  Source: HUD Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS) Data (based on 2014-  2018 ACS), 2020. Sites Inventory  Figure 13 shows the distribution of] RHNA units by percentage of low and moderate income population by tract. Bradbury is a single-tract city with al low concentration ofl low and moderate income population- about 25 percent of Bradbury's population are. LMI. All RHNA units are  therefore located in a tract with a low concentration ofLMI population.  Housing. Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-28    Figure 13: RHNA Distribution by % Low and Moderate Income Population  Bradbury a  0.25 Sitel Inventory Steinverery €  LowION Moderale Income Population. (Block Group)- (HUD) LOWMOD_PCT 50%  Cis City of Bradbury AFFH Site Inventory  4  Summary of Fair Housing Issues: Integration and Segregation  Non-Hispanic Whites make up the largest racial/ethnic group in Bradbury (45 percent) followed by. Asians (38 percent). Bradbury differs from its neighbors in that only 15 percent ofits population Bradbury also has one of the smallest shares of persons with disabilities compared to the County and neighboring cities. However, compared to them, Bradbury's population with a disability is mostly made up of seniors. Persons with disabilities are not concentrated in one area of the City About 77 percent of children live in married couple households in Bradbury, a higher share compared to Los Angeles County and neighboring cities. Bradbury also has the smallest share of single-parent households with children compared to the County and neighboring ciites. Only 6.3 percent ofhouseholds are single-parent households with children (and they are all single female-  is] Hispanic, compared to the Hispanic share Countywide (48 percent).  (because it is only made up of one tract).  headed).  Housing. Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-29    Less than 24 percent of Bradbury's population are considered LMI- about half the rate of LMI population in the County (49 percent). Geographically, Bradbury's census tract is the one of the few that havel less than 25j percent. LMI population (the closest are: in Sierral Madre, South Pasadena, and Walnut). There are: no. HCV users, public housing buildings, or subsizied housing units in the Overall, the City is made up of an affluent mostly White and Asian aging community (over 50 percent are over the age of 45). Seniors also make up the largest share of the City's population with a disability- with the most common disability being ambulatory difficulties. This indicates a  City.  higher need for housing for seniors with disabilities. 3. Racially and Ethnically Concentrated. Areas of1 Poverty Racially and Ethnically Concentrated. Areas of Poverty (R/ECAPs)  In an effort to identify raciallylethnically concentrated areas of poverty (R/ECAPs), HUD identified census tracts with a majority non-White population with aj poverty rate that exceeds 40 percent or is three times the average tract poverty rate for the metro/micro area, whichever threshold is lower. HCD and the California Tac Credit Allocation Committee (TCAC) convened as the Fair Housing Task Force to create opportunity maps. The maps include identifying areas of high segregation and poverty. TCAC Opportunity Maps are discussed in more detail in Section 4  oft this fair housing analysis. Regional Trend  Approximately 15 percent oft the County population is below the federal poverty level (Table 10). Black/African American, American Indian/Alaska Native, persons of ai race not listed ("other"), and Hispanic/Latino populations all experience poverty at a higher rate than the average countywide. The proportion ofnon-Hispanic White residents under thej poverty level ist the lowest (9.6 percent) compared to other racial/ethnic groups in the County. About 25 percent of persons with disabilities are also below the poverty level. Poverty rates are similar or slightly lower than Countywide for Bradbury's neighboring cities. Like in the County, minority races, especially  Hispanics tend to have higher poverty rates compared to citywide rates.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-30    Figure 14 shows R/ECAPs: and TCAC designated areas ofhigh segregation andi int thel Los Angeles County region. R/ECAPs and areas ofh high segregation and poverty are concentrated in the central County areas around the City of Los Angeles. Areas of high segregation and poverty have also been identified in tracts in EIl Monte, Rosemead, and Pasadena in the San Gabriel Valley.  Table 10: Poverty Status by Race/Ethnicity and Disability  Los County 14.9% 25.0% 9.6% 20.8% 18.1% 11.1% 11.5% 30.9% 18.1%  Population Below Federal Povertyl Level Population for whose poverty status is determined Population with a disability By Race: White alone Black or African American alone American Indian and Alaska Native alone Asian alone Native Hawailan and Other Pacific Islander alone Other' Hispanic or Latino origin (ofany race) Notes:  Angeles Bradbury Azusa  Duarte Monrovia 10.2% 13.8% 6.9% 9.6% 0.0% 9.5% 0.0% 14.0% 12.3%  5.5% 0.0% 0.5% 0.0% 11.1% 60.0% 7.3%  14.2% 18.4% 11.1% 8.5% 5.8% 10.3% 0.0% 28.2% 16.0%  7.8% 18.1% 8.1% 7.9% 0.0% 9.5% 18.0% 16.3% 6.9%  1.1 Includes "Some Other Race" and "Two or More Races" Source: 2015-2019 American Community Survey (Five-Year Estimates)  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-31    Figure 14: Regional R/ECAPS and TCAC Areas of High Segregation and Poverty (2021)  Peoharpat  3:24/2022, 45545PM City/Town Boundaries DJo. NotaRECAP A1-RECAP  1:288,895  (R)T TCACA Areac of High Segregationa andF Povertly (2021)- Tract (R)Racially orE Ethnically Concentrated/ Areas ofPoverty" "R/ECAP'S" (HUD, 2009- 2013)- Tract  18km  Ean, HUD  County oflcsAngaes. BusSLNasye Evi HERE, USGS. EPA, NPSI  Source: HCD AFFH Data Viewer, HUD R/ECAP data (2009-2013 ACS) and TCAC  Opportunity Maps (2021). Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-32    Local Trend  As shown in Table 10 above, 5.5 percent oft the Bradbury population is below the poverty level,a fewer than the County as a whole and fewer than the selected neighboring cities. Persons of"some other race" or "two or more: races," Asian, and Hispanic/Latino populations all experience poverty at a higher rate than the average citywide. Notably, zero percent of persons with disabilities are According tol HCD's 2021 Data Viewer, there are: no R/ECAPs or TCAC designated areas ofhigh segregation and poverty in Bradbury (Figure 15). Poverty status in Bradbury and its neighboring jurisdiction by tract is presented in Figure 15. Consistent with the estimates in Table 10, less than 10 percent oft the population in the Bradbury census tract is under the poverty level. There is one tract adjacent to the Bradbury's southern city limit (in Duarte) where 20 percent to 30 percent of  below the poverty level.  the population is under the poverty level.  Figure 15: Poverty Status (2019)  324/2022. 6:09:51PM Jatyfloan Boundanes (R)Poverty StatusiACS.2 2015-2019)-Tract 3015. 105 10%-204  1:144,448  205. 30%  Source: HCD. AFFH Data Viewer, 2015-20194C5,2021.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-33    Racially and Ethnically Concentrated. Areas ofAfluence (RCAAS)  While racially concentrated areas of poverty and segregation (R/ECAPs) have long been the focus of fair housing policies, racially concentrated areas of affluence (RCAAs) must also be analyzed to ensure housing is integrated, al key to fair housing choice. Al HUD Policy Paper defines racially concentrated areas ofa affluence as affluent, White communities.5, According to this report, Whites are the most racially segregated group in the United States and "in the same way neighborhood disadvantage is associated with concentrated poverty and high concentrations of people of color, conversely, distinct advantages are associated with residence in affluent, White communities." Based on their research, HCD defines RCAAS as census tracts where 1)80 percent or more oft the population is white, and 2) the median household income is $125,000 or greater (slightly more Figure 16 shows the predominant racial/ethnic group by tract and Figure 17 shows median income by block group in the Los Angeles County and San Gabriel Valley region. White predominant populations are generally located outside the central Los Angeles County area. Parts oft the San Fernando Valley, communities along the Los Angeles National Forests in the San Gabriel Valley (Pasadena, Arcadia, Bradbury, Glendora, and La Verne) are predominantly White. The central Los Angeles, San Gabriel Valley, and Gateway cities have Hispanic, African American, or Asian majority populations. The central Los Angeles areas are composed of mostly block groups with median incomes below the 2020 State median of $87,100. Block groups with median incomes exceeding $125,000 are more concentrated in similar areas as predominantly White tracts-  than double the national median household income in 2016).  Regional Trend  Burbank, Pasadena, Arcadia. Glendora, and La Verne.  6Goetz, Edward G., Damiano, A., & Williams, R. A. (2019) Racially Concentrated. Areas of Affluence: A Preliminary Investigation." Published by the Office of Policy Development: and Research (PD&R) of the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development in Cityscape: A. Journal of Policy! Development: and Research  (21,1,99-124).  Housing Element. 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-34    Figure 16: Regional Predominant Racial/Ethnic Population  DE  Ombms Eocmalo  030GE  Gopdmevsyo  SpoREnana Gmiagen Goob  Bab0ooo gEaEBOR  te aoe  3:24/2022, 625.36PM ctyanE Boundarss Smi igsp10: Scescieigapy 105-505 Prademrantis igan RIF esermethguasn. Sin 1938-105: Soeubelg  Presorartigass: S0 Sim gs I01: Sicacle gast 10h-501 Praaemnantig gan5 SCht Thach Sim igoe 105: Sasacleis yast - Fresom gas 60fr  1:288,895 275 5.5 Esi HERE.  .S SMra-srMey Teats  11mi 18km CAHCD  GourtysfLSsArgees EVBLBRNryeat Esi. EPE. Gamn USGS. EPA,IPS Source: HCD. AFFH. Data Viewer, 2021.  UD2 20131 2021. HUD2 22o1 Paceliae292 ESFLUS. Cersucl Piace.Vors0  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-35    Figure 17: Regional Median Income by Block Group  3/24:2022, 627:01PM City/Town Boundaries <$30,000 <$55,000  $87,1 1000 (HCD: 2020 Statel Medianl Income) Greatert thans $125,000  1:288,895 2.75 55 Esn  (RMediani income (ACS. 2015-2019)- Block Group $125,000  18km  CaurtyafissArgees EVISLMENVagATeLE Eai. -ERE.G Gomn. USGS.E EPA.NPS Pisseliak:2 2021. HUD3 20191 Fisos:2021 HUD: 3ojFatAiaa212. ESELU.S. Camasjaseran2L,  Source: HCD. AFFH. Data Viewer, 2015-20194C5,202  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-36    Local Trend  As shown in] Figure 18, thel Bradbury census tract does notl have ai racial/ethnic minority population smaller than 20 percent (or inversely a White population greater than 80 percent). The minority population in) Bradbury is 55j percent. Median incomes as shown in Figure 18 is less than $125,000 (although the 2015-2019 ACS estimate in' Table 8 was $146,250). Since Bradbury does not meet However, an important trend to note is the high median incomes of both White and Asian households in Bradbury compared to the County. As can be seen in Table 11, White and Asian residents are the predominant races in the City, with each making up about 40 percent of Bradbury's! population. White and Asian households in] Bradbury earn significantly higher median incomes than in all Bradbury households and Los Angeles County. Particularly, median income for Asian households doubled between 2019 and 2020 estimates from $97,917 to $200,208, while  either criteria, it is not considered a RCAA.  their population share only increased by less than one percent.  Table 11: White and Asian Median Household Income and Population  Bradbury 2019 2020  Los Angeles County 2019 2020  White Alone Asian Alone All Households % White % Asian  $160,729 $203,438 $79,304 $79,027 $97,917 $200,208 $86,544 $83,252 $146,250 $181,875 $72,797 $71,358  45.1% 37.5%  36.4% 26.2% 25.6% 38.8% 14.4% 14.7%  Note: Median income estimates were not available for Black/African Americans, Native  Americans, Pacific Islander, or Hispanic households in Bradbury. Source: 2015-2019 ACS and 2016-2020 ACS (5-Year Estimates)  Summary of Fair. Housing Issues- Concentration of Poverty and Minorities  Only 5.5 percent of the Bradbury's population is below the poverty level. There are: no R/ECAPs orTCAC designated areas ofhigh segregation and poverty ini the City. There arei no. RCAAs int the City. Bradbury does not havea a White population greater than 80j percent its total population though it does have one of the highest median incomes in the area (and more than double that in the County). However, the Asian household income more than doubled from 2019 to 2020, with both White and Asian households continuing to have higher median incomes than the City overall in  2020.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-37    Figure 18: Racial/Ethnic Minority Populations and Median Income  Cato  3242022,6 630:49PM -20% 40% 4095-60%  1:36,112  60%. 80S 80%- RiMedan $55,000  $87,1 100 HCD2 2020 Siaen Meciani come) $125,000  BlockGroup  2015.2 2019) Block Group  Source: HCD. AFFH Data Viewer, 2021 Access to Opportunity  4.  HUD developed an index for assessing fair housing by informing communities about disparities in access to opportunity based on race/ethnicity andj poverty status. This section presents thel HUD- developed index scores based on nationally available data sources to assess Bradbury residents' access to key opportunity assets by race/ethnicity and poverty level compared to Los Angeles County. Index values range from 0 to 100 for the following opportunity indicator indices:  School Proficiency Index: The school proficiency index uses school-level data on the performance of 4th grade students on state exams to describe which neighborhoods have high-performing elementary schools nearby and which are near lower performing elementary schools. The higher the index value, the higher the school. system quality is in Labor Market Engagement Index: The labor market engagement index provides a summary description of the relative intensity of labor market engagement and human capital in a neighborhood. This is based upon the level of employment, labor force participation, and educational attainment in a census tract. The higher the index value, the higher the labor) force participation and human capital in a neighborhood. Transit Trips Index: This index is based on estimates of transit trips taken by a family that meets the following description: a 3-person single-parent family with income at 50 percent ofthe median: income fori renters for the region (i.e. the Core-Based Statistical Area  an neighborhood.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-38    (CBSA). The higher the transit trips index value, the more likely residents in that Low' Transportation Cost Index: This index is based on estimates oftransportation costs for a family that meets the following description: a 3-person single-parent family with income at 50 percent oft the median income for renters for the region/CBSA. The higher thei index value, the lower the cost oftransportation in that neighborhood. Jobs Proximity Index: The jobs proximity index quantifies the accessibility of a given residential neighborhood as a function of its distance to all job locations within a region/CBSA, with larger employment centers weighted more heavily. The higher the index value, the better the access to employment opportunities for residents in a Environmental Health Index: The environmental health index summarizes potential exposure to harmful toxins at a neighborhood level. The higher the index value, the less exposure to toxins harmful to human health. Therefore, the higher the index value, the better the environmental quality of a neighborhood, where a neighborhood is a census To further assist in the analysis of access to opportunities, the Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) and the California Tax Credit Allocation Committee (TCAC) convened in the California Fair Housing Task Force (Task Force) to "provide research, evidence- based policy recommendations, and other strategic recommendations to HCD and other related state agencies/departments to further the fair housing goals (as defined by HCD)." The Task force has created Opportunity Maps to identify resources levels across the state "to accompany new policies aimed at increasing access to high opportunity areas for families with children inl housing financed with 9%1 Low! Income. Housing Tax Credits (LIHTCs)". These opportunity maps arei made from composite scores of three different domains made up of a set of indicators related to economic, environmental and educational opportunities and poverty and: racial segregation. Based on these domain scores, tracts are categorized as Highest Resource, High Resource, Moderate Resource, Moderate Resource (Rapidly Changing), Low Resource, or areas of High Segregation  neighborhood utilize public transit.  neighborhood.  block-group.  and Poverty. Table 12 shows the full list ofi indicators.  Table 12: Domains and List of Indicators for Opportunity Maps  Domain Economic Environmental Education  Indicator  Poverty Adult education Employment Job proximity Median home value Math proficiency Reading proficiency High School graduation rates Student poverty rates  CalEnviroScreen 3.0 pollution Indicators and values  Housing. Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-39    Poverty: tracts with at least 30% of population under federal Racial Segregation: Tracts with location quotient higher than 1.25 for Blacks, Hispanics, Asians, or all people of color in  Poverty and Racial poverty line  Segregation  comparison to the County  Source: California Fair Housing Task Force, Methodology for TCAC/HCD  Opportunity Maps, December 2020.  Regional Trend  HUD Opportunity Indicator values for Los Angeles County are shown in Table 13. The White population, including the population below the federal poverty line, received the highest values in low poverty, school proficiency, labor market participation, jobs proximity, and environmental health. Hispanic communities had the lowest values for the low poverty index and labor market participation index and Black communities had the lowest values for the school proficiency index, jobs proximity index, and environmental health index. Black residents were most likely to use public transit and have thel lowest transportation costs (i.e. they had thel highest transit index values  and low transportation cost index values).  Table 13: Los Angeles County HUD Opportunity Indicators by Race/Ethnicity  Low School Labor  Low Cost 74.09 79.18 77.74 76.45 75.65 79.48 81.18 81.02 81.49 78.70  Jobs y 55.80 40.13 41.53 51.82 44.24 57.52 36.59 42.84 54.19 46.35  Env.  Poverty Prof. Market Transit Transp. Proximit Health  Total Population White, non- Hispanic Black, non- Hispanic Hispanic Asian or Pacific Islander, non- Hispanic Native Hispanic White, non- Hispanic Black, non- Hispanic Hispanic Asian or Pacific Islander, non- Hispanic Native. Amer., non-Hispanic  62.59 65.09 65.41 82.63 34.95 32.37 34.00 87.70 33.91 38.38 33.18 87.19 53.57 59.34 55.94 86.52  18.99 11.66 11.91 12.16 16.74 16.66 11.62 10.30 9.84 16.01  American, non- 45.04 46.90 44.50 83.17 Population below federal poverty line  50.68 58.06 57.49 86.42 23.45 27.16 25.52 88.65 23.66 32.87 27.66 89.45 42.97 54.52 50.06 89.62 29.85 35.12 32.02 85.23  Source: HUD. AFFH Database - Opportunity Indicators, 2020  Housing. Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-40    The central Los Angeles County areas around the City ofl Los Angeles are comprised of mostly low and moderate resource tracts and areas of high segregation and poverty. The El Monte/Baldwin Park area and San Fernando area, including Van Nuys/North Hollywood, also have concentrations ofl low resource areas and some areas of high segregation and poverty. High and highest resource areas are: most concentrated in areas in and around Beverly Hills, La Canada Flintridge, and Pasadena/Arcadia to the west of Bradbury and Glendale, Covina, La Verne and Claremont east of Bradbury. Most ofNorth and Central Orange County are also considered areas  ofhigh opportunity.  Housing. Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-41    Figure 19: Regional TCAC Opportunity Areas- Composite Scores  3/25/2022, 2.1513PM City/Town Boundaries HighestF Resource HighF Resource Moderate Resource (Rapidly Changing)  Moderate Resource High Segregation &F Poverty Missing.lhnsuficient! Data Esn  1.288,895 275 5.5 Esi. Gamin, e andineCIs oomunty 202', ESRI, U.S.  (R)TCACC Opportunily/ Areas (2021)- Composite Score- Tract Low Resource  11mi 18km CAHCO  Countys ofLesAnpees EvasLasNayre Exi HEPE, Garmin. USGS EPAN NPSI Placevons1021, HUD2019 Source: HCD AFFH Data Viewer, TCAC Opportunity Maps, 2021  HUDZ  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-42    Local Trend  HUD Opportunity Indicators data is limited for the City of Bradbury andi is not available by race. Table 14 shows the opportunity indices for the total population for tract 4302.00 (the City). Compared to the County, Bradbury residents have a higher labor force participation and human capital (higher labor market index) and al higher environmental quality compared to residents of any racei in the County. Bradbury's poverty index value! higher than most minority races but lower than that of Whites and Asian residents in the County. Also, Bradbury scored lower in transit trip index and low transportation cost index compared to the any race in County, meaning residents  arel less likely to use public transit and they have higher transportation costs.  Table 14: Bradbury HUD Opportunity Indicators  Low School Labor  Low Cost 61  Jobs 59  Env. 23  Poverty Prof. Market Transit Transp. Proximity Health  Total Population - Not available  59  82  77  Source: HUD AFFH Database - Opportunity Indicators, 2020. Opportunity map scores for the Bradbury census tract 4320.00 is presented in  Table 15 Census Tract 06037430200 December 2020.  Economic Environmental Education Composite Domain Domain Score Domain Index Score Category  Final Highest Resource  Score 0.89  Score 0.60  0.88  0.44  Source: California Fair Housing Task Force, 2021 TCAC/HCD Opportunity Maps.  The City is considered an area with highest resources. Bradbury is surrounded by tracts with moderate to highest resources to the west, north, and east (Figure 20). Only census tracts directly  south of Bradbury have low resources starting. in Irwindale and Baldwin Park  Table 15:TCAC Opportunity Map Domain Scores for Bradbury Domain Environmental Domain Composite Score Domain Score Score  Economic 0.89  Education 0.60  Census Tract 06037430200 December 2020.  Final Highest Resource  Index Score Category  0.88  0.44  Source: California Fair Housing Task Force, 2021 TCAC/HCD Opportunity Maps,  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-43    Figure 20: Bradbury and Local TCAC Opportunity Areas- Composite Scores  TCAC Composite Score- Bradbury  6:31:35PM Cilyn Town! Bourdaries (RITCACC OpporunityA Areas (2021)- Composites Score- Tract LOWR Resource HighestR Resource HighR Resource Moderate Resourcet Rapldly Changhng)  172.224  ModerateR Resource HigSegregatinna Poverty Mbsinglhafidentt Data  Source: HCD. AFFH Data Viewer, TCAC Opportunity Maps, 2021  Sites Inventory  Figure 21 shows the distribution of RHNA units by TCAC composite scores. All RHNA units of all income levels are located in areas identified as "highest resource" because the City is made up  ofo only one tract.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-44    Figure 21: RHNA Units by TCAC Opportunity Map Category  Bradbury  0.25 Site Inventory Steinversory -  TCAC Opportunity Areas: 2021  Cis City of Bradbury AFFH Site Inventory  Economic Opportunity  As described previously, the Fair Housing Task Force calculates economic scores based on poverty, adult education, employment, job proximity, and median home values. See Table 12 for Figure 22 shows TCAC Opportunity Map economic scores in the Los Angeles region by tract. Consistent with final TCAC categories, tracts with thel highest economic scores arei in concentrated ina areas around Beverly Hills, Burbank, Pasadena, and. Arcadia as well as north and central Orange County. Tracts with economic scores in the lowest quartile are concentrated in the central Los Angeles County areas, San Gabriel Valley cities around El Monte, and around the cities ofLong  the complete list OfTCAC Opportunity Map domains and indicators.  Regional Trend  Beach and Carson.  Housing. Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-45    An important factor in the TCAC economic score is jobs proximity?. Figure 23 shows that job hotspots (census tracts with the highest proximity to jobs) are located in the City ofLos Angeles and its neighboring communities, northern Sanl Fernando Valley (Burbank and Glendale) and most ofOrange County. In the San Gabriel Valley, only a few census tracts in) Pasadena and Claremont  are considered to have the highest jobs proximity.  7The' TCAC Economic Scores are a composite ofjobs proximity index values as well as poverty,  adult education, employment, and median home value characteristics.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-46    Figure 22: Regional TCAC Opportunity Areas- - Economic Scores  3/25/2022, 4:28:49PM CiyToans Boundorles RIT CAC Opportunty Areas (2021)- Economic Score Tract 0.25/LessF Positive EcoromicOuscome) 025-0.50 050. 075 0.75 More Posiove Economic Oucome) NoData Cy: Ctys Fenan County: fLssAngees. veasot  1:288,895 275 5 Ev HERE Gan  1Bkm n. e CAHCD ESRI.  HERE. Gurrn. USGS. EPA. PSI  Source: HCD. AFFH. Data Viewer, TCAC Opportunity Maps, 2021.  Housing. Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-47    Figure 23: Regional. Jobs Proximity Index  3:25/2022, 4354 46PM cryTouns Boundarles IA) lobsF Proximdtyl Incex (HUD: 2014- 2017)- Block Group 20/Furtres:Proirs) 20-40 L 40. 60 60-80 80/Closest Proximity; CVy  1:288,895  ESRI.  Source: HCD. AFFH. Data Viewer, TCAC Opportunity. Maps, 2021  Housing. Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-48    Local Trend  According to the 2021 Opportunity Map presented in Figure 22, Bradbury's TCAC economic score is within thel highest quartile (over 0.75, the actual score is 0.89). Like the composite score, Bradbury is surrounded by tracts with more positive economic outcomes (scores greater than 0.5) Bradbury is also not considered to be close to jobs. The jobs proximity index quantifies the accessibility ofa given tract as a function ofi its distance to all job locations within a region, with larger employment centers weighted morel heavily. Thel higher the index value, thel better the access to employment opportunities for residents in ai neighborhood. Bradbury's jobs proximity index is 59 and falls ini the midrange ofi index scores pictured in Figure 23. Table 16 compares commuting characteristics ofLos Angeles County residents to Bradbury residents. While mean travel time to work: for Bradbury wasi not available, iti is likely that it is higher than the County given that al higher share of Bradbury residents travel moret than 601 minutes to got to work. About one thirdofBradbury residents spend more than 60 minutes commuting to work. A higher share of Bradbury residents also travel outside of their City for work than the County- only 14 percent of Bradbury residents  tot the north, west, and east. Economic scores arel lowest south of Bradbury.  work in Bradbury- compared to 38 percent ofLos Angeles County residents.  Table 16: Commuting Characteristics  Los Angeles County  Bradbury 31.8 N/A 48.6% 36.6% 14.8% 38.4% 5.6%  Mean Travel Time Travel time to Work: <30 min 30-60 mins 60 or more minutes Work in place of residence Worked from home  49.1% 26.1% 28.7% 13.4% 12.9%  Source: 2015-2019. ACS (5-year Estimates)  HUD's Job Proximity Index can be used to show transportation need geographically. Block groups with lower jobs proximity indices are located further from employment opportunities and have a higher need for transportation. This analysis is expanded on the Transportation section below. Availability of efficient, affordable transportation can be used to measure fair housing and access toc opportunities. SCAG developed ai mapping tool for High Quality Transit Areas (HQTA) as part ofthe Connect SoCal 2020-2045 Regional Transportation Plan/Sustainable Communities Strategy (RTP/SCS). SCAG defines HQTAS as areas within one-half mile from a major transit stop and a high-quality transit corridor. This section also utilizes All Transit metrics toi identifytransportation  Transportation  opportunities in Los Angeles County and Bradbury.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix. B  B-49    Regional Trend  All Transit explores metrics that reveal the social and economic impact of transit, specifically looking at connectivity, access to jobs, and frequency of service.8 Bradbury's All Transit Performance score of 4.0 is the lowest among the surrounding jurisdictions of Monrovia (5.6), Arcadia (6.8), Duarte (7.2), and Azusa (7.8) as well as the County (6.8). Los Angeles County All Transit metrics are shown in] Figure 24. The County's All Transit score of6.8i indicates a moderate combination of trips per week and number of accessible jobs enabling a moderate number of people to take transit to work. All Transit estimates 93.9 percent of jobs and 90.1 percent of  workers are located within % ai mile from transit.  Figure 24: Los Angeles County All Transit Metrics  COURIMKICSANCEIESCA Streets Transit Map Satellite  AlITransit" "PerformanceScore 6.8 County:! LosA Angeles, CA Moderatec combination oft tripsp perv weekand numberc ofjobsa accessiblee enablingr moderate number ofp peoplet totaket transitt towork Househoidshave: 2,608 Transit Tripsper Weekw withinkMile Transit vithin Mile 321,664 Accessibleir in30-minutetrip 6.66% ommutersWhoUser Transit ShowT TransitA Agencies(42)  Coogle  Overaltramitscorethat* 11-2 2-4 34-5 looks a5-6 connectivity, 16-7  ojobs, andfrequency service.  Source: All Transit Metrics: All Transit Performance Score - Los Angeles County, 2019. Most of the central County areas and San Fernando Valley are considered High Quality Transit Areas (HQTAs) (Figure 25). In the San Gabriel Valley, there are HQTA gaps in the communities along the Los Angeles National Forest including Altadena, Sierra Made, Monrovia, and Bradbury  as well as inland communities around the City of San Gabriel.  8AIITransit. 20191 Metrics: AllTransit Performance Score. ntps/alranstcntor. Accessed August 2021.  Housing. Element 2021-2029  Appendix. B  B-50    Figure 25: High Quality Transit Areas (HQTAs)  Araotos Qoaat Rease  Sond eobitso R  woto Geseda  Bubrns eumao  ARdean  C  Glsed ace Boodyms  SA  Eneactflay oant C  Cwapestao  DacfiG Raadss Gnane Baegten  BosAnglos- Mecpnay  Ang)  MMice  Inglewoad  OMGe Makscan@  a Apue DuuEn D  Rodeado Eooch  pdne  Beneoçneh Pacitic PacdsEn  G  5  SGBeOG  8/18/2021, 1:21:12AM City/Town Boundaries  1:288,895 2.75 5.5 4.5  HighQualily Transit Areas (HQTA): 2045- SCAG Region- High Quality Transit Areas (2045)  11mi 18km  Source: SCAG HOTA database, 2021  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-51    Local Trend  All Transit metrics for Bradbury are shown in Figure 26. Bradbury received an All Transit Performance Score ofc only 4.0, indicating al low combination oftrips per week and number ofj jobs accessible by transit. All Transit estimates that only 36.9 percent of jobs and 36.9 percent of workers in Bradbury live within % a mile from transit. All Transit also gave. Bradbury a Transit Connectivity Score ofthree (out of100) based on thei number ofbus routes and train stations within walking distance for households in a given Block Group scaled by the Frequency of Service.  Figure 26: Bradbury All Transit Metrics  CIVERADBURVCA Streets Transit Map Satellite  AllTransit" "Performance: Score 4.0 City:Bradbury,CA Lowo combination oft tripsp perv week andr numberc of jobsa enablingfew peoplet totaket transit towork AverageHouseholds' have: Transit Tripsperv Weekw within KMile TransitRoutesy withinMile 51.290 JobsA Accessiblei n30-minutetrip Azusa 3.24% CommutersWhoUsel Transit ShowT TransitA Agencies(2)  Duarle  Overalitransits 11-2 12-4 scoret 14-5 thatlooksa 5-6 atconnectivity.: 6-71 7-9 9+ accesst toj jobs, andfrequencyo  Source: All Transit Metrics: All Transit Performance Score - Bradbury.  Persons with disabilities can use Monrovia Transit's Dial-A-Ride Program. The Program' 's Our service area includes the City ofMonrovia, Bradbury, unincorporated parts ofLos Angeles County adjacent to Monrovia, and Target in Duarte (a designated transfer point to Duarte Transit). Monrovia Transit also takes passengers to medical appointments at physician'soffices within three Based on HUD Opportunity Indicators shown in Table 14, Bradbury residents are less likely to use public transit (lower transit index value) and they have higher transportation costs (lower low transportation cost index value). Table 17 shows that Bradbury residents have al higher number of vehicles available, though they use cars, trucks, or van at the same frequency as Los Angeles County residents. According to the 2015-2019 estimates, only 4.5 percent of Bradbury residents use public transit to go to work (slightly lower than Los Angeles County's share).  miles ofthe City's limits, as well as City of Hope.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-52    Table 17: Means of Transportation  Los Angeles County  Bradbury 2.5% 31.0% 66.6% 82.7% 4.5% 0.0%  Vehicles Available No vehicle 1-2 vehicles 3orn more vehicles Means of Transportation to Work Car, truck, or van Public transportation (excluding taxicab) Walked Source: 2015-2019 ACS (5-year Estimates)  3.9% 59.0% 37.2% 83.5% 5.8% 2.7%  Education  As described above, the Fair Housing Task Force determines education scores based on math and  reading proficiency, high school graduation rates, and student poverty rates.  Regional Trend  TCAC Opportunity Map education scores for the region are shown in Figure 27. The central County areas have the highest concentration of tracts with education scores in the lowest percentile. There is also a concentration of tracts with low education scores in San Gabriel Valley cities east of Covina. Areas around Burbank/La Canada Flintridge, Arcadia, Glendora, La Verne, and Covina in the San Fernando Valley, Whittier, and North orange County have the highest  education scores.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-53    Figure 27: Regional TCAC Opportunity Areas-E Education Scores  325/2022, 5282 25PM cryToans Boundarles R)T TCACC Opportunity Areasi2021)- Educatien Score Tract 0.25/LessF Poskive Education Outcomes) 0.25-0.50 050-075 0.75Morer Positive Educaion Outcomes) MoData  1:288,895 275 55 EMAERE Jamn  1mi 18km mreutes comunty Gan, OserSreets CAHCC ESRL  Ctye dArarer. ClyetFiena.c Cauntys fLesAngees.e BVMLpeE Ei. HERE. Gammn. USGS. EFA PSIF Fiosee*2021 -UD2 MPxNeve2LA HUDIOEOI  Source: HCD. AFFH Data Viewer, TCAC Opportunity. Maps, 2021.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-54    Local Trend  Bradbury has an Education Score of0.60, falling in the upper quantiles (between 0.50 and 0.75) shown in Figure 27. According to the 2019. ACS, there are 178 persons over the age of3 enrolled ins school ofwhich 57 percent arei in Kindergarten through 12th grade and 38 percent are in college, Bradbury's student population is served by the Duarte Unified School District (DUSD). DUSD serves approximately 4,000 students from the communities of Bradbury, Duarte, and the Los Angeles County area known as South Monrovia Island as well as 86 cities from across Southern California. The district is comprised ofa child development center with three preschool campuses, one TK-6 campus, four TK-8 theme-based academies, one comprehensive high school (9-12), an alternative high school, and the public charter school California School of the Arts-San Gabriel Valley, the first sister school oft thej prestigious Orange County School ofthel Performing Arts. The district has recently undergone a grade-level recontiguration, transforming itself into a premier regional school district, serving students from the entire San Gabriel Valley region. Greatschools.org is a non-profit organization that collect and analyze data from all 51 state departments of education and the federal government to provide analysis, insights, and school quality ratings forj parents, partners, researchers, and policymakers. Their website provides sarange of information including themed ratings that each reflect important factors in how students experience school, including how well schools serve students from different racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic backgrounds, how much students are improving within a school year, performance on state tests, and how well schools prepare students for college. GreatSchools.org also provides as Summary Rating calculation is based on four ratings: the Student Progress Rating or Academic Progress Rating, College Readiness Rating, Equity Rating, and Test Score Rating. Ratings at the lower end of the scale (1-4) signal that the school is "below average", 5-6 indicate "average", and According to GreatSchools.org, DUSD has ai mixed record of Summary Rating, with a third ofits schools scoring in the "below average" rating, a third ini its "average" rating, and another third in its "above average" rating. Figure 28 shows the location and scores ofDUSD's seven schools and Table 18 show details of the summary ratings. 9,10 None of the schools are located in Bradbury. There also appears to be a trend that schools with higher ratings have larger shares of Asian and White populations, though this may reflect the area's overall demographics. However, schools  graduate, or professional school.  7-10 are "above average."  with al higher population ofl lower income students also tended to score lower.  9Mt Olive Innovation and Technology High (showni in grey) has not been scored yet. 10 Great Schools only listed seven oft the nine: schools int thel Duarte Unified School District.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-55    Figure 28: Great School Ratings- Duarte Unified School District Schools  AzusaT  CaléDeollar Restourang  Bradbury Duarte  Royal Oaks STEAMA Academy 9 Tacos Ensend Rancho Golf uo Course ML Olives Selfs Siorage  Monrovia  O Encantol Park  mulases Valley7 Thriftst Costcol Wholesale e Northrop Grumman Spaces Systems 9  SonieDiveine  rjoes  Thel Home Depot - Turner& Stevens Live Oak Mortuary&.  Fitness as9 Irwindale  jooale  SantaF Dam  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-56    3 4  3 3  v 3    Environmental  Environmental health scores are determined by the Fair Housing Task Force based on CalEnviroScreen 3.0 pollution indicators and values. The California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) compiles these scores to help identify California communities disproportionately burdened by multiple sources of pollution. In addition to considering (1) environmental factors such as pollutant exposure, groundwater threats, toxic sites, and hazardous materials exposure and (2) sensitive receptors, including seniors, children, persons with asthma, and low birth weight infants, CalEnviroScreen also takes into consideration socioeconomic factors. These factors include educational attainment, linguistic isolation, poverty, and unemployment. CalEnviroScreen Scores are reported as percentiles, where lower percentiles represent lower pollution burdens and lower socioeconomic vulnerability to pollution. However, fort the' TCACE Environmental Score, CalEnviroScreen 3.0 values are represented in a 0-1 scale and represent inverse trends, where the lower scores represent "less positive outcomes" and higher Al larger proportion ofLos Angeles County has environmental scores in the lower end compared toe economic and education scores (Figure 29). Lower scores indicate "less positive environmental outcomes" and thus lower environmental quality. The central Los Angeles County, San Gabriel Valley and San Fernando Valley areas near Burbank all have concentrations of tracts with environmental scores in the lowest ends. Tracts with the highest environmental scores (higher environmental quality) are: int the San Gabriel Valley communities along thel Los Angeles National Forest (Altadena, Pasadena, Arcadia, Bradbury, Azusa, Glendora, Covina, La Verne) as well as in the Los Angeles County inland community of Whittier and Lakewood. Los Angeles County and Orange County beach communities inl Long Beach, Huntington Beach, and South Orange County  scores represent "more positive outcomes."  Regional Trend  also have high environmental scores.  Housing. Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-58    Figure 29: Regional TCAC Opportunity Areas-E Environmental Scores  325/2022, 651:49PM Ciy/Toan Boundaries RIT TCAC Opportunty Areas (2021). Envronmentaiscore- Tact 25(LessP Posiive Environmentalc 25-50 50. 75 75-1 1MoreP Positive Enomeralouores NoData Ctye  1288,895 2.75 55 Es 2021,  18km rg CeeSreelle  HERE. Gormn. USGS. EPA NPSI  Source: HCD. AFFH Data Viewer, TCAC Opportunity Maps, 2021.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-59    Local Trend  Figure 29 shows that the City of Bradbury scores in the highest scoring range for environmental The Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment has released updated scores in February 2020 (CalEnviroScreen 4.0).. As explained above, the CalEnviroScreen 4.0 scores in Figure 30 are based on percentiles where lower percentile scores represent lower pollution burdens and lower socioeconomic vulnerability to pollution while higher percentile scores represent higher pollution burdens and higher socioeconomic vulnerability to that pollution. Thus, higher percentile scores identify tracts disproportionately affected by pollution, otherwise known as environmental justice communities. Figure 30 shows that that Bradbury's census tract has one of the lowest percentile scores while it surrounded by mid- and high- percentile scores along its southern borders. Based on the CalEnviroScreen 4.0 scores, all RHNA units are located in an tract with lowest environtal pollution exposure and lowest share ofs socioeconomic vulnerable communities.  quality (between 0.75 and 1). Its actual environmental score is 0.88.  Sites Inventory  Figure 30: Distribution of RHNA Units by CalEnviroScreen 4.0 Percentile (2020)  Bradbury  0.25 Sitel Inventory  0.5 Ailes Environmental. Communities Justce CaEnérSeren4.D- Feb2 2021 Update) ClscareP  GIS City of Bradbury AFFH Site Inventory  A  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-60    Summary of Fair Housing Issues- Access to Opportunities  Bradbury is a one census-tract City considered to having the highest resources according to the TCAC opportunity maps. While geographical differences in access to: resources could not be determined, there is a Citywide need for increased access to transportation and increased jobs proximity. Bradbury residents have limited access to public transportation and have longer Differences in access to education appear to be more likely related to income and race/ethnicity than geographical location. According to Great Schools' Equity Scoring, schools with larger shares of minority student population and lower income population scored lower.  commutes to work than Countywide residents.  5.  Disproportionate Housing Needs  Housing problems for Bradbury were calculated using HUD's 2022 Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS) data based on the 2014-2018 ACS. Error! Reference source not found. breaks down households by raçe and ethnicity and presence of housing problems for Bradbury and Los Angeles County households. The following conditions are considered housing  problems:  Substandard Housing (measured by incomplete plumbing or kitchen facilities)  Overcrowding (more than 1 person per room) Cost burden (housing costs greater than 30 percent)  According to CHAS data based on the 2014-2018 ACS, approximately 32 percent of] Bradbury households experience! housing problems, compared to 51 percent of households in Los Angeles County (Table 19). Inl Bradbury, 34 percent of owner-occupied households and 24 percent of renter-occupied. households have one or more housing problems. The City has a lower proportion ofowner and renter households with housing problems compared to the County, where 38 percent ofowner-occupied households and 52 percent ofrenter-occupied households experience ab housing problem. Bradbury differs from the commonly seen trend ofr renter households experiencing housing problems at a higher rate than owner households seen ini most jurisdictions, including Countywide. In Bradbury, White renter-households: and Hispanic owner-households: experience housing problems at the highest rate (more than two thirds ofhouseholds).  Table 19: Housing Problems by Race/Ethnicity Owner Renter Households Owner  Bradbury 63.6% Note 1 0.0% Note 2 Note 2 0.0% 24.1%  Los Angeles County  Race/Ethnicity White Black Asian American Indian Pacific Islander Note 2 Hispanic All  All 34.4% 0.0% 28.7% Note 2 Note 2 50.0% 32.0% Appendix B  All 41.3% 55.6% 46.2% 50.0% 49.8% 61.3% 51.1%  Renter Households 62.8% 56.0% 59.1% 53.9% 70.2% 61.9% 52.4%  29.8% 0.0% 40.2% Note 2 66.7% 33.9%  31.9% 41.2% 37.7% 37.6% 42.3% 46.9% 38.4%  Housing Element 2021-2029  B-61    Notes:  1.CHAS data estimated there no Black renter households. Source: HUD CHAS Data (based on 2014-2018 ACS), 2022.  2. CHAS data estimated there were: no American Indian or Pacific Islander households in the City.  Cost Burden  Households are considered cost burdened ifhousing costs exceed 30 percent of their gross income forl housing, and severely cost burdened ifhousing costs exceed 50j percent of their gross income. Cost burden in Bradbury and Los Angeles County is assessed using 20221 HUD CHAS data (based on 2014-2018 ACS estimates) and the HCD Data Viewer (based on 2010-2014 and 2015-2019 Cost burden by tenure and race/ethnicity for Los Angeles County is shown in Table 20. Approximately 45 percent of Los Angeles County households are cost burdened, including 34 percent of owner-occupied households and 53 percent of renter-occupied households. Black and Hispanic renter households have the highest rate of cost burden of 59 percent and 57 percent, respectively. White, Pacific Islander, and Asian owner-households have the lowest rate of cost burden (31,34, and 34j percent, respectively), lower than all owner households and alll households in the County. Cost burden is more common amongst renter households than owner households About 23 of Los Angeles County households are severely cost burdened. Severe cost burdens follow similar trends as cost-burdens, al higher share ofrenter households experience severely cost burdens than owner households and Black, Pacific Islander, and Hispanic households have the highest rates ofs severe cost burdens. Figure 3land Figure 32how that renter concentration is more severe (al higher concentration ofi renters per tract is costl burdened) and both owner and renter cost burdened households are concentrated in the City of Los Angeles, especially the southern communities of Inglewood and Compton as well as in EL Monte, West Covina, and Pomona in  ACS estimates). Regional Trend  regardless ofrace or ethnicity.  the San Gabriel Valley.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-62    Table 20: Cost Burden by Race/Ethnicity -1 Los Angeles County  Amer. Pacific  White Black Asian Ind,  Isldr. Hispanic Other All  Cost Burden >30% Owner Renter All HH Owner Renter All HH  30.8% 39.8% 33.9% 36.0% 33.8% 38.0% 34.4% 34.3% 49.2% 59.0% 47.5% 51.7% 45.3% 57.2% 49.8% 53.5% 39.2% 52.6% 40.3% 45.0% 41.3% 49.8% 43.8% 44.7% 14.6% 20.2% 15.8% 12.8% 16.9% 16.7% 17.6% 15.9% 27.1% 34.4% 25.5% 30.7% 20.4% 29.5% 27.0% 28.8% 20.3% 29.6% 20.3% 23.1% 19.2% 24.6% 23.3% 22.9%  Severe Cost Burden (>50%)  Source: HUD CHAS Data (based on 2014-2018 ACS), 2022.  Figure 31: Regional Homeowner Cost Burden  462022. $5622PM RiCepaytwtey  20  1288.855  2015. 2019 Tract   Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-63    Figure 32: Regional Renter Cost Burden  4/62022. 5:58:54PM tyflown! Boundanes 20% 20%- 40%  1:288,895  401. 601 801  R)Overpeymentby Renters (ACS, 2015- Tract 6015.-8015  bg Ew.  Source: HCD. AFFH Data Viewer, HUD CHAS data, 2022.  Local Trend  Cost burden by tenure based on HUD CHAS data is shown in Table 21. Hispanic households highest rate of cost burden in the city (50 percent). Asian households have the lowest incidence of cost burden (29 percent). Overall, at thirdo of Bradbury households are cost burdened, and 15j percent are severely cost burdened. Like stated earlier, Bradbury differs from County trends where renters have higher rates of cost burden. In Bradbury, over 33 percent of owner households are cost burdened compared to 17 percent of renter households. Ofnote is that about 41 percent of Asian owner households (31 households) and 100 percent of Hispanic owner household (households)  experienced cost burdens.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-64    Table 21: Cost Burden by Rac/hnldly-Badbuny  Amer. Pacific  White Black Asian Ind,  Isldr. Hispanic Other  Cost Burden >30% Owner Renter All) HH Owner Renter All HH Notes  All 33.3% Note 3 16.9% 30.1% 14.3%  28.6% 0.0% 41.2% Note2 2 Note 2 100.0% 0.0% 50.0% Note 1 0.0% Note 2 Note 2 0.0% 31.3% 0.0% 29.2% Note 2 Note 2  50.0% 0.0%  Severe Cost Burden (>50%)  7.1% 50.0% Note 1 12.5% 0.0%  0.0% 23.5% Note 2 Note2 100.0% 0.0%  0.0% Note2 2 Note 2 0.0%  16.7% Note2 2 Note 2 50.0% Note3 16.9%  0.0% 14.9% in the City.  1.CHAS data estimated there no Black renter households. 2. CHAS data estimated there were no. American Indian or Pacific Islander households 3.CHAS data estimated there were no "Other" race/ethnicity renter households. Source: HUD CHAS Data (based on 2014-2018 ACS), 2022. The SCAG Pre-Certified Local Housing Data profile for Bradbury also households are more likely to be cost-burdened than above moderate households earning less than 100% AMI (moderate  the share of cost burdened households exception of very lowi income  provided a breakdown of households. About 60 of  by income. Table 22 shows that low and moderate  income  income) experience cost burdens (with the  households).  Table 22: Cost Burden by Income- Bradbury  Income <30% HAMFI 30-50% HAMFI 50-80% HAMFI 80-100%. HAMFI >100% HAMFI Total Households  #Cost Burdened (>30%AMI)  % Cost Burdened 60.0% 30.8% 62.5% 60.0% 26.6% 35.9%  12 8 20 18 55 113  Source: SCAG Pre-Certified Local Housing Data Profile, Bradbury. April 2021.  Sites Inventory  Figure 33 and Figure 34 show the distribution of RHNA units by distributed in a census tract where cost burden for both  renters, respectively. These figures are based on 2015-2019. ACS data. overpayment All of owners and  RHNA units are  percent.!l  owners are renters is between 40 and 60  11 Differences in the percentages of cost burdened owner andi renter households between Figure 341 may be due to differences int the years sampled (ACS 2014-2018 and  Table 21 and] Figure 33 and Monthly Owner Costs are 30.0  33 and] Figure 34) show 1) the percent of owner households with Mortgages whose ACS 2015-2019). In addition, Figure  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-65    Figure 33: RHNA Units by Overpayment by Homeowners  JU  S Gis City of Bradbury AFFH Site Inventoryl  Figure 34: RHNA Units by Overpayment by Renters  B  Cis City of Bradbury AFFH Site Inventoryl  Percent or More ofhouseholdi income and 2)t the percent ofrenter households for whom Gross Rent (Contract. Rent Plus Tenant-Paid Utilities): is 30.01 Percent orl More of Household Income. Meanwhile, CHAS does not specify if  cost burdens are calculated based on gross rents plus tentant utilities.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-66    Overcrowding  AI household is considered overcrowded ift there is more than one person per room and severely overcrowded is there is more than 1.5 persons peri room. HUD CHAS data based on the 2014-2018 ACS and the HCD AFFH Data Viewer (2015-2019 ACS) is used to show overcrowding in As shown in Table 23, 5.5 percent of owner-occupied households and 16.2 percent of renter- occupied households throughout the County are overcrowded. Severe overcrowding is also an issue in the County, especially amongst renter households. Over one percent of owner households Figure 35 shows concentrations of overcrowded households by tract regionally. Overcrowded households are most concentrated in the central County areas, including the City ofLos Angeles, South Gate, and Compton, and inj parts oft the San Gabriel Valley in EL Monte, Baldwin Park, and  Bradbury and Los. Angeles County.  Regional Trend  and 7.6 percent ofi renter households are severely overcrowded.  Pomona.  Table 23: Overcrowding by Tenure- Los Angeles County  Overcrowded  Severely Overcrowded  (>1 person per room) (>1.5 persons per room) Households Percent Households Percent  Total Households 1,519,516 1,797,279  Los Angeles County Owner-Occupied Renter-Occupied  84,291 291,621  5.5% 16.2%  22,594 134,455  1.5% 7.5%  Source: HUD CHAS Data (based on 2014-2018,2022).  Housing. Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-67    Figure 35: Regional Overcrowding  SmPota  4/6/2022, 5.56:1 13PM CityTown Boundaries (R)Overcrowded Households (CHHS)- Traci 15.01%6. 20% s8.2% (StatewideA Average) 83%. 12%  12.01%-15% >20%  1:288,895 275 EVLHERE  Camn cOue tuts.a  11mi 18km M CAHCC  CawrydfissArgats RvpisLrstasgwt Evi -EPE Gommn. USGS. EPAIPE 2021. HUD2DIRIF Flaseliose2 2021, HUD2 xsoFseelais212 ESRI.  Source:. HCDAFFH. Data Viewer, HUD CHAS data, 2022.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-68    Local Trend  Table 23 below, shows that there are no renter or owner households considered overcrowded or  severely overcrowded in the City.  Table 24: Overcrowding- Bradbury  Overcrowded  Severely Overcrowded  (>1 person per room) (>1.5 persons per room) Households Percent Households Percent  Total Households  Bradbury Owner-Occupied Renter-Occupied  0 0  0.0% 0.0%  0 0  0.0% 0.0%  219 51  Source: HUD CHAS Data (based on 2014-2018, 2022).  Sites Inventory  Figure 36: shows thel RHNA distribution by the percentage of overcrowded households by tracts in the City of Bradbury. Since the City is made up ofas single tract, all RHNA units are. located in acensus tract with less than 8.2 percent overcrowded households. As stated above, there are: zero overcrowded households in the City sO more accurately, none oft the RHNA units are. located in a  tract with overcrowded households.  Figure 36: RHNA Units by % Overcrowding  0.25 Sitele Invontory  Ls  Households Data CHHS. Tract) Overcrowded  CiS City of Bradbury AFFH Site Inventory  A  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-69    Substandard Housing  Incomplete plumbing and kitchen facilities, lack oftelephone access, and housing age can be used to measure substandard housing conditions. In general, residential structures over 30 years ofage require minor repairs and modernization improvements, while units over 50 years ofa age are likely tor require major rehabilitation such as roofing, plumbing, and electrical system repairs. Less than two percent ofI Los Angeles County households live in substandard conditions, lacking complete kitchen and plumbing facilities or phone services (Table 25). A higher share of renter households lack complete facilities or phone access than owner-households. In addition, lacking complete kitchen facilities and phone access is more common than lacking complete plumbing Housing age can also be used as an indicator for substandard housing and rehabilitation needs. In general, residential structures over 30 years of age require minor repairs and modernization improvements, while units over: 50 years of age are likely to require major rehabilitation such as roofing, plumbing, and electrical system repairs. In the County, 86 percent of the housing stock  Regional Trend  facilities.  was built prior to 1990, including 60.5% built prior to 1970 (Figure 37).  Table 25: Substandard Housing- Los Angeles County and Bradbury  Los Angeles County  Bradbury  Owner Renter All) HH Owner Renter All HH 0.4% 2.5% 1.5% 0.0% 5.9% 1.1% 0.2% 0.6% 0.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.9% 2.4% 1.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%  Lacking complete kitchen facilities Lacking plumbing facilities No telephone service available:  Figure 37: Housing Age- Los Angeles County and Bradbury  70.0% 60.0% 50.0% 40.0% 30.0% 20.0% 10.0% 0.0%  60.5%  44.4%  40.5%  25.4%  15.1%  14.1%  1969 or Earlier (50-+ Years) 1970-1989 (30-50 Years) 1990 orI Later (<30 Years)  Los Angeles County Bradbury  Housing. Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-70    Source: 2015-2019, American Community Survey (ACS) (5-Year Estimates).  Local Trend  Substandard conditions are rare inl Bradbury, no households lack complete plumbing facilities or telephone service (Table 25).0 Only 1.1 percent ofl household lack complete kitchen facilities. Of the households that lack kitchen facilities, all (481 households) are renter households. This may be because of single-room occupancy units (SROs). Inl Bradbury, SROS are occupied by individuals providing on-site domestic services. For example, there are several properties in the City with maid's or groom's quarters located in or adjacent to the principal residence. These quarters are generally a single room with al bathroom, with limited or no kitchen facilities. The room is usually part oft the compensation for the on-site worker, sO no rent is charged. Housing age can also be used as an indicator for substandard housing and rehabilitation needs. According to the 2015-2019 ACS, 60 percent oft the housing stock in Bradbury was built prior to 1990 and may be susceptible to deterioration, including 44 percent built before 1970 which may require major repairs (Figure 37). In comparison, 86 percent of housing units Countywide was  built prior to 1990. Sites Inventory Displacement. Risk  HCD defines sensitive communities as "communities [that] currently have populations vulnerable to displacement in the event of increased development or drastic shifts in housing cost." The  following characteristics define a vulnerable community:  The share of very low-income residents is above 20 percent; and  The tract meets two oft the following criteria: Share ofrenters is above 40 percent, Share of people of color is above 50j percent, isa above the county median,  Share of very low-income households that are severely rent burdened households The area or areas in close proximity have recently experienced displacement pressures (percent change in rent above County median for rent increases), or Difference between tract median rent and median rent for surrounding tracts above  median for all tracts in county (rent gap).  Regional Trend  Figure 38 shows sensitive communities at risk of displacement in the region. Vulnerable communities are most concentrated in the central County areas around the City ofLos Angeles, Inglewood, South Gate, and Compton, East Los Angeles, and parts of the San Gabriel Valley in Pasadena, El Monte, Rosemead and in Pomona. Sensitive communities are also concentrated in  inland North Orange County tracts.  Local Trend  As shown in Figure 38, Bradbury is not considered a sensitive community. Despite being next to at tract considered a sensitive community (in Duarte and Monrovia), it is unlikely that Bradbury will be considered a sensitive community in the future given that it is not close to meeting any of the other characteristics of a vulnerable community, especially having a low share of very low -  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-71    income population (12 percent) and renter population (19 percent). These figures do not tend to  change dramatically over aj planning period.  Figure 38: Regional Sensitive Communities at Risk of Displacement    lote ese sopRo 1,288,895 2.75 5.5 Esn, Garrn Est HERE cembutors. GIS  4/7/2022, 352:09PM City/Town Boundaries Vuinerable Other  (A)Sensitive Communities (UCB, Urban Displacement! Proect)  11mi 18km  County dfLosAngees. EvaeursVasgerett Esi ERE. Garmm. USGS, EPAN MPSI Placevioss: 2021, -UD20191 Ficeoks2 2021, HUD2 21001 Piaceors2 2021, ESRLU US. Cersus! Posellons  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-72    Source: HCD. AFFH. Data Viewer, Urban. Displacement. Project, 2021.  Homelessness Regional Trend  The Los Angeles Homeless Services Authority (LAHSA) estimates there were 66,436 persons experiencing homelessness in the Los Angeles County, based on the 2020 Greater Los Angeles Homeless Point-in-Time (PIT) Count. Figure 39 shows the Los Angeles County homeless populations from 2015 to 2020. Approximately 72 percent of the homeless population is unsheltered and 28 percent is sheltered. The homeless population has increased by nearly 50 percent since 2015, and 12.7 percent since 2019. According to Department of Finance (DOF) estimates, the entire Los Angeles County population grew by only 0.5 percent between 2015 and  2020.  Figure 39: Los Angeles County Homeless Population Trend (2015-2020)  80,000 60,000 40,000 20,000  66,436 18,395  58,936 14,722  55,048 14,966  52,765 13,369  46,874 12,173  44,359 13,334  40,082 -  39,396  44,214  48,041  31,025  34,701  0  2015  2016  2017 Unsheltered N Sheltered  2018  2019  2020  Source: Los Angeles Homeless Services Authority (LAHSA), 2015-2020 LA Table 26 shows the homeless populations in 2019 and 2020 by population type, gender, and health/disability. Approximately 19 percent of the homeless population belongs to a family with one or more child, 38 percent are chronically homeless, and 22 percent have a serious mental illness. Since 2019, the population of homeless family members (+46 percent), persons experiencing chronic homelessness (+54 percent), persons fleeing domestic violence (+40 percent), mon-binary/gendernon-conforming persons (+326p percent), andj persons witha asubstance  County/LA Continuum of Care (CoC) Homeless Counts.  use disorder (+104 percent) have increased the most drastically.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-73    Table 26: Los Angeles County Homeless Population Demographics (2019-2020)  2019 58,936 50,071 3,635 66 8,799 3,878 16,528 3,111 39,348 18,331 200 1,057 7,836 1,306 13,670  2020 66,436 53,619 4,278 74 12,817 3,902 25,490 4,356 44,259 21,129 851 197 15,983 1,245 14,790  Percent  Persons Percent Persons  Percent Change 100.0% 12.7% 80.7% 6.4% 0.1% 19.3% 45.7% 5.9% 38.4% 6.6% 40.0% 66.6% 31.8% 1.3% 325.5% 0.3% -81.4% 24.1% 104.0% 1.9% 22.3% 0.7%  Total Individuals Transitional Aged Youth (18-24) Unaccompanied Minors (under 18) Family Members* Veterans People Experiencing Chronic Homelessness Fleeing Domestic/Intimate Partner Violence Gender Male Female Non-Binary/Gender: Non- Conforming Transgender Health and Disability** Substance Use Disorder HIV/AIDS Serious Mental IlIness Percent of Total County Population  100.0% 85.0% 6.2% 0.1% 14.9% 6.6% 28.0% 5.3% 66.8% 31.1% 0.3% 1.8% 13.3% 2.2% 23.2% 0.6%  7.1% 17.7% 12.1% 0.6% 54.2%  12.5% 15.3%  -4.7% 8.2%  *Members of families with at least one child under 18. ** Indicators are: not mutually exclusive. Continuum ofCare (CoC)Homeless Counts.  Source: Los Angeles Homeless Services Authority (LAHSA), 2019-2020 LA County/LA The data in Table 27 refers to the Los. Angeles Continuum of Care (CoC) region, covering all Los Angeles County. jurisdictions except fort the cities ofLong Beach, Pasadena, and Glendale. Special needs groups identified include elderly, persons with disabilities (including developmental Nearly 20 percent of the homeless population in the County are: members of families with one or more child under the age of 18, 10 percent are elderly persons aged 62 and older, 17 percent have a physical disability, and eight percent have a developmental disability. While the majority of homeless families are sheltered (76 percent), most thel homeless population with a developmental  disabilities), and families.  disability, physical disability, and elderly population is unsheltered.  Housing. Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-74    Table 27: Homeless Populations and Special Needs Groups  Special Needs Group Developmental Disability Physical Disability Family Members Elderly (aged 62-+) (5-Year Estimates  Sheltered Unsheltered Total  32.1% 17.3% 76.3% 21.5%  67.9% 82.7% 23.7% 78.5%  5,292 10,833 12,416 6,290  Source: LAHSA, 2020 LA CoC Homeless Counts; 2015-2019ACS  Figure 40 shows the Los Angeles CoC homeless population by race and ethnicity. The Hispanic/Latino, Black/African American, and White populations make up thel largest proportions oft the homeless population. The Black/African American population is the most overrepresented in the Los Angeles CoC region. Nearly 34 percent of homeless persons are Black or African American, compared to only 7.8 percent of the population countywide (Table 28). The. American Indian and Alaska Native population is also overrepresented, making up only 0.2 percent of the  County population, but 1.1 percent ofthe homeless population.  Figure 40: Los Angeles CoC Homeless Population by Race/Ethnicity  American Indian/AlaskaNative, 1.1% Asian,1.2%  Hispanic/latino, 36.1%  Black/African American, 33.8%  Mult-Racial/Other, 2.1%  Native Hawalian/Other Pacific slander,0.3%  White, 25.4%  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-75    Table 28: Los Angeles CoC Homeless Population by Race/Ethnicity Vs Total Population  Homeless Population Persons 686 774 21,509 23,005 205 16,208 1,319  %LA County Population 0.2% 14.4% 7.8% 48.5% 0.2% 26.2% 2.6%  Race/Ethnicity American Indian/Alaska Native Asian Black/African American Hispanic/Latino Native Hawaian/Other Pacific Islander White Multi-Racial/Other. Estimates)  Percent 1.1% 1.2% 33.8% 36.1% 0.3% 25.4% 2.1%  Source: LAHSA, 2020 LA CoC Homeless Counts; 2015-2019 ACS (5-Year  Figure 41 shows the distribution of homeless persons in the Los Angeles CoC region by age. Adults aged 25 to 54 make up most oft thel homeless population, followed by adults aged 55 to 61, and children under 18. Children account for 11.8 percent of the homeless population and seniors (age 62+) account for 9.9 percent of the population; 6.6 percent of the homeless population is transitional aged youths between the ages of18 and 24. Table 29 shows that adults age 25 to 62  are overrepresented in the homeless population.  Figure 41: Los Angeles CoC Homeless Population by Age  9.9%  11.8%  6.5%  13.5%  58.3%  Under18 18-24 25-54 55-61 62+  Housing. Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-76    Table 29: Los Angeles CoC Homeless Population by Age vs Total Population  Homeless Population Persons 7,491 4,181 37,138 8,606 6,290  %1 LA County Population 22.0% 9.7% 43.2% 8.7% 16.4%  Age Under 18 18-24 25-54 55-61 62+  Percent 11.8% 6.6% 58.3% 13.5% 9.9%  Source: LAHSA, 2020 LA CoC Homeless Counts; 2015-2019  ACS (5-Year Estimates).  Local Trend  According tol LASHA 2020. Homeless Point-in-Time Count, there are no individuals experiencing homelessness in Bradbury. However, in the San Gabriel Valley Service Provider Area (SPA-3) which includes Bradbury, the total homeless population increased from the 2019 count of4,489 to 4,555 in 2020, a 1.5 percent increase (Table 30). The number of sheltered homeless in SPA-3 increased by approximately 331 persons between 2019 and 2020, whereas the count identified a decrease of265 individuals who were unsheltered. Most ofthel homeless in SPA3 are single adults and close to a third of the homeless population also have a mental illness and 20 percent have a  physical disability.  Table 30: 2019-2020 and LAHSA Homeless Counts-SPA3  2020 Percent 100% 33.5% 66.5% 92.7% 7.3% 0% 38.7% 28.2% 24.6% 4.1% 1.5% 5.5% 21.6%  2019 Number Percent 4,489 100% 1,197 26.7% 3,292 73.3% 3,869 86.2% 616 13.7% 4 0.1% 1,261 28.1% 590 13.1% 1,053 23.5% 258 5.7% 57 1.3% 366 8.2% 850 18.9%  Number 4,555 1,528 3,027 3,615 940 0 1,763 1,283 1,119 187 69 251 985  Total SPA 3 Homeless Count Sheltered Unsheltered Homeless by Household Type Single Adults Family Members Unaccompanied Youth (K18 years) Homeless Subpopulations in SPA3 Chronically Homeless Substance Abuse Mentally III Veterans Persons with HIV/AIDS Survivors of Domestic Violence Physical Disability Note: Some people arei ini more than one subpopulation.  Source: 2020 & 2019Greater) Los Angeles Homeless Count whsophomesnap  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-77    CES Access Centers are call-in or drop-in locations where persons experiencing homelessness can gain initial access to or continue contact with housing and supportive services available through LA CES. Access Centers can provide referrals to interim housing programs, emergency services, and/or basic services like food, storage and hygiene service. From July 1 to September 30: 2021, ofthe 2,801 individuals assessed in SPA3 3, only one individual was from Bradbury Table 31. CES. Access Entry Points for SPA3 are located at Volunteers of America in Pomona  and El Monte.  Table 31: Cumulative CES Statistics (July: 1, 2021 -S September 30,2021)  Bradbury  SPA3 City Share of  SPA3 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%  CES Assessment Total Persons Individuals Youth Families Veterans Persons Aged 62+ Interim Housing Rapid Re-Housing Street Outreach (Contacts) Street Outreach (Engagements) Other (Non-Permanent) Placed into Permanent Housing*  1 1  2,801 1,596 102 302 106 265 688 462 447 335 823 231  Types of Services Provided to Those Assisted  *] Includes persons that have moved into permanent housing during the reporting period (through either rapid re-housing, permanent supportive Note: For households with more than one person (including families), the assessment oft the head of household is applied to all members. Source: LAHSA Homelessness Statistics by City, March 2022..  housing, or other permanent destinations).  Summary of Fair. Housing Issues: Disproportionate Housing Needs  Approximately 34 owner households and 24 of renter households in Bradbury experience a housing problem. Cost burdens are the most prominent problem in the City since there are no estimated zero households experiencing overcrowding and only 1.1 percent of households with substandard conditions. Lower and moderate income households also experience cost burdens at higher rates than above moderate income households- about 60 percent of these households pau more than 30 percent of their income on housing costs. Bradbury also has a relatively newer housing stock (41 percent of stock is less than 30 years old). Bradbury is not considered a vulnerable community at risk of displacement and has an estimates homeless population ofz zero.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-78    6.  Other. Relevant Factors SB. 535 Disadvantaged Communities  Disadvantaged communities in California are specifically targeted fori investment ofproceeds from the State's cap-and-trade program. Known as California Climate Investments (CCI), these funds are aimed at improving public health, quality oflife and economic opportunity in Califoria'smost burdened communities at the same time they" 're reducing pollution that causes climate change. As identified using the HCD AFFH tool, Bradbury is not considered a disadvantaged community but the surrounding San Gabriel Valley south are disadvantaged communities" in Baldwin Park, El  Monte, and Lal Puente as well as east in Pomona.  Figure 42: Regional SB 355 Disadvantages Communities  48/2022, 4:08:07PM Cityflown Boundarvs (AISB5 535D Disacvantaged Communtes  1:144,448  Local Knowledge Historical Trends  The City of Bradbury is named after Louis Leonard Bradbury, who in 1892 acquired 2,750 acres ofthel Rancho Azusa del Duarte; al Mexican! land grant awarded to. Andres Duarte before California became part of the United States. Louis Bradbury built Bradbury Estate on this land. After the passing ofLouis Bradbury his heirs lost control ofboth ranches during the 1930's. Prolonged legal battles between the family members resulted in foreclosure proceedings by the Security National  Bank against most of the Bradbury Estate.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-79    The 1896 Supreme Court ruling ofPlessy v.1 Ferguson upheld the constitutionality of"separate but equal,"u ushering in the. Jim Crow Era ofr racial segregation and disenfranchisement. This sentiment spread beyond the South, where. African Americans and other minority groups were expelled from predominantly White communities, through the adoption ofp policies forbidding them fromi residing or even being within town borders after dark, known as sundown towns.' 12 Contrary to the widespread misconception that these existed only in the deep south, sundown towns were prominent throughout the Country, including more than 00 California towns, several ofwhich in The Home Owners' Loan Corporation (HOLC), formed in 1933 under the New Deal Program, established the County's firsti red-lining maps. While the City ofl Bradbury did not have a grading, its neighboring City ofl Monrovia received a Cand D ratings (Figure 43). C ratings indicated a "declining" community while D-ratings indicated the commmunity was "hazardous" and a higher loan risk. Redlined, or D-rated communities, were typically comprised of large minority communities. Segregation achieved through redlining was further exacerbated through the establishment of the Federal Housing Administration in 1934. The FHA insured bank mortgages that covered 809ofpurchase prices and had terms of20 years and were fullyamortized. However, the FHA also conducted its own appraisals; mortgages were granted only to Whites and mixed- race neighborhoods or White neighborhoods in the vicinity ofBlack neighborhoods were deemed  Los Angeles County. 13  "too risky."  12 Rothstein, Richard. (2017). The Color ofLaw: Al Forgotten History ofl How Our Government  Segregated America. Liveright Publishing Corporation. 13 History and Social Justice. (2021). tpsnusiccioupalposlw  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-80    Figure 43: Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC) Redlining Grade  4/82022.1 12:07:56PM Giyllown Boundanes BISUID Desirable) C(Declinng) (Hazardous;  (A)Home OwnersLoen CorporationF Redining Grade! ofRichmond.: 2021)  HUD2RD Paioaa ESR.US.  us  Around that time period, in Bradbury the conclusion ofWorld War II brought new growth to what was once the Bradbury Estate and its surrounding area. Large parcels of it were sold to people seeking spacious building sites, which afforded privacy and country living in the foothills of the San Gabriel Mountains. The surrounding properties, in the then unincorporated area called Duarte, were subdivided into tracts, which provided modest and affordable living accommodations for returning service men and their families. The entire area began to change rapidly from a sleepy agricultural area to a sprawling suburb of "GI" tract homes. Local development regulations were established and enforced by the County ofLos Angeles. County Departments also provided Police Inl 1957, while the City of] Duarte was considered for incorporation, the Bradbury Estate Property Owners Association realized that if development continued at the same pace in Bradbury they would lose the ability to control their vision for the future oft this area. These residents valued the unique foothills and were fearful that they would become victims to the bulldozers of tract developers. In an effort to ease their fears and to control their vision for the future the residents of thel Bradbury Estates joined with property owners located within the area, surrounded by Woodlyn Lane, Bradbury Hills Road, Royal Oaks Drive North, Mount Olive Drive and Lemon Avenue, to generate the 500 minimum number of registered voters required to create a new unincorporated City. The incorporation drive was successful and upon approval oft the Los Angeles County Board ofs Supervisors, the City of Bradbury became ai municipal corporation on. July 26, 1957.  and Fire protection.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-81    Today, the city has three distinct areas-the Bradbury Estates, which is a gated community consisting of five-acre minimum estates; Woodlyn Lane, which is also a gated community with minimum two-acre (8,100) lots; and the balance of the city, which is not gated, which has lots generally ranging in size from 7,500 square feet (.17 acre) to 1-acre. A significant portion of the properties inl Bradbury Estates and Woodlyn Lane are zoned for horses, and several horse ranches still exist within these communities today. Both gated communities have Homeowners The City's General Plan establishes five (5) single-family residential land use categories comprising 96 percent of the developable land in the City (Figure 44). The Code establishes the regulations affecting the uses, density, and size ofhousing permitted int the different single-family zones of the City. As shown in Table 32, the minimum size for a single-family residential lot is 7.500 sq. ft. Though Bradbury has significant land use limitations, the City is committed to providing affordable housing opportunities for lower income households, particularly through Accessory Dwelling Units (ADUs)and: Single-Room Occupancy (SRO)units, which are discussed in the following sections. In addition, the presence of environmentally sensitive conditions like fire hazards andi infrastructure limitations (narrow streets, private water service) present significant constraints to the development ofr multi-family residential development inl Bradbury.  Associations and Covenants, Conidiations, and Restrictions (CC&R).  Zoning  Table 32: BRADBURY ZONING DISTRICTS  Zone  Corresponding General Plan) Land Use Designa Single-Family Residential 7,500 sq. ft. Estatel Residential, one acre Estate Residential, two acres Estate Residential, five acres  R-7,500 (Single-Family Residential, 7,500 sq. ft. minimum) A-1 (Agriculture Residential Estate, one acre minimum) A-2 (Agriculture Residential Estate, two acre minimum) A-5(Agriculture Residential Estate, five acre minimum) Source: Bradbury. Development Code, 2022.  R-20,000 (Single-Family Residential, 20,000 sq. ft. minimum) Single-Family Residential 20,000 sq. ft.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-82    Figure 44: Bradbury Zoning Map  A Orange R-7,500 R-20,000 Spedfic Plano Overlay Parcels CtyBoundary  Bradbury.  R20,000  Zoning A-1 Opens Space  City of Bradbury Zoning Map  1,000 2,000USFeet 250 500Y Yards  CIS  In addition, in 2010, the City adopted an Affordable Housing Overlay zoning designation in which emergency shelters are aj permitted use. The Overlay designation can be applied to any residentially zoned property in the City, provided that the site has adequate access and is provided with acceptable water and sewer or septic service for the intended use. The zoning on the City Hall site will be amended to include the. Affordable Housing Overlay concurrent with this Housing Element. The sites inventory includes the City Hall site to accommodate multi- family housing to be built at a density of 30 du/ac. These units will provide lower and moderate  income housing opportunities. Local Setting  Bradbury is developed exclusively with single-family detached residential units. The Cityisa hillside community comprised primarily of large estate lots, orchards, and equestrian facilities. Bradbury is one of the smallest cities in) Los Angeles County, encompassing only 1.9 square miles. In the 1870s. Bradbury was developed and subdivided into 40+ acre parcels with the There are eight large parcels ofl land comprising approximately 302 acres in the northern portion ofthe City.According to) Bradbury's General Plan, the City recognizes that the eight parcels of land, as they exist currently, have the opportunity to be developed with one main dwelling unit  intention to use the parcels mainly for ranching.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-83    and one accessory dwelling unit per parcel. The northern section oft the City is located adjacent to the City of Monrovia /Angeles National Forest that appear to have average slopes that range from 24%1 to 57%. Limited access to the eight parcels mentioned previously, lack of urban utilities, and the potential existence of sensitive ecological areas and species may render these parcels very difficult or potentially economically infeasible for residential estate development. It should be noted that residential development of this area is not limited to the 16 units; development density may be increased through the utilization ofland division and development concepts, such as clustered development, that can be developed through a specific plan. As of2022, the City has completed the Chadwick Ranch Estates Specific Plan and isi in the process of completing an Environmental Impact Report (EIR). The Chadwick Ranch Estates Specific Plan project includes requests for several discretionary permits that would allow grading of141 lots for single-family estate residences: construction of related roadways and utilities: and designation of 15 lettered nonresidential lots consisting of open space, debris basins and a water There are three distinct neighborhoods in the City, known as Bradbury Estates, the Woodlyn Lane Improvement Association, and the Bradbury Hills Road and Lane Association. The remaining residential areas are traditional single-family detached residential neighborhoods. Bradbury Estates is a gated community consisting ofl large residential parcels ranging in size from two to 70 acres in size. Woodlyn Lane and) Bradbury Hills Road are also gated communities with parcels two acres or larger. The gated communities in Bradbury have privately Due to the overall nature of Bradbury. development opportunities may be limited. However, the City has identified several sites with the potential for residential development. An analysis of these sites as they relate to AFFH is described in Section 7.Sites Inventory and AFFH. below. Given that Bradbury is only made up of one census tracts, determining whether there are geographical areas of concentration which the sites inventory would exacerbate or improve is difficult. In addition, the City is considered an area of highest resources and does not have any significant special needs populations other than seniors (which make up the majority of its population with disabilities) and 25 percent LMI households. However, the City is considered one ofthe most expensive places to live- it ranked number one on Forbes' annual ranking of America's Most Expensive ZIP Codes in 2010.14 According to SCAG's Pre-Certified Local Housing Data, Bradbury's median home price in 2018 was $1.3 million, more than twice the median for the SCAG region' s median of $560,997. The high housing costs are reflected in that about one third oft the City's! households are cost burdened, andi in at trend that deviates from the County and many otherj jurisdictions, the share ofcost burdened homeowners is larger than the share ofcost burdened  quality basin. a reservoir, aj private street and an emergency access.  owned and maintained streets.  7. Sites Inventory and AFFH  renters.  14 htps/www.forbes.com20002/moskspemsiverpsale,0Dlfeyle-rakstsutezip-sode-l.  tphmINA-0062925 Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-84    As explained in Chapter IV. the City of Bradbury has adequate land capacity to meet the needs of all income groups through the 2021-2029 RHNA period. There is a capacity of 69 units in the City'ss sites inventory distributed between vacant underdeveloped parcels. the Affordable Housing Overlay, and estimated 2nd DUS LADUS /JADUS on developed parcels on developed parcels. However, for the purposes of analyzing the distribution of sites, the City focuses on the 45 units distributed between the Vacant Underdeveloped parcels and the Affordable Housing Overlays since the location of ADUS on developed parcels is unknown. In addition, the AFFH geographical analysis does not include SROs in vacant undeveloped parcels because the location and affordability of SROs at each location is unknown. The City assumed that 16 SROS were distributed between 17 parcels of vacant undeveloped land. Halfo oft these 17 parcels were assumed to include at least a two-unit SRO development, yielding 16 SRO units based on current  development trends.  Table 33: Development Potential Summary  Extremely Low/ VeryLow  Low  Moderate  Above Moderate  Total 27 16 8 18 69 45  Vacant Undeveloped Parcels SRO) Development 2nd DUR/ADUR/JADURon Developed Parcels Affordable Housing Overlay Total Sites Inventory Total Sites in AFFHA Analysis  5 10 26 10  1 8  2 34  For the purposes of this AFFH sites analysis, Bradbury is broken up into three neighborhoods defined by zoning code designations. As discussed previously. the entirety of Bradbury is located within one tract: therefore, AFFH variables discussed throughout this Appendix will be consistent throughout all three neighborhoods. A total of45 RHNA units have been allocated throughout the City in various neighborhoods. The neighborhood distributions are detailed below. Northern Bradbury. This neighborhood encompasses most of the City and is characterized by A-5 and OS zoning designations (see Figure 44). This includes most of the area north ofLemon Avenue and Woodlyn Lane. The following sites are located in Northern Bradbury:  15 Because of the uneven number of lots, "half" oft them is either of either eight or nine lots. resulting ina potential SRO capacity of1 160 or 18 units respectively. The lower estimate of 16 units is used in the sites  methodology.  Housing. Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-85    Table 34: RHNA Site Distribution- Northern Bradbury  Site ID 2 8 10 11 12 16 17  Site Type/Land Extremely Use  Above  APN  Ldw/ Ver. Low  Low Moderate Moderate Total  8527-002-023 Vacant Site, A-5 8527-004-020 Vacant Site, A-5 8527-024-032 Vacant Site, A-5 9A 8527-025-034 Vacant Site, A-5 8527-026-006 Vacant Site, A-5 8527-029-001 Vacant Site, A-5 8527-029-017 Vacant Site, A-5 8527-002-029 Vacant Site, A-5 8527-002-030 Vacant Site, A-5 Total Northern Bradbury  0  0  Note: The city estimated that 16 SROs would e distrib uted between 17 vacant non-developed sites (11 lower income and 5 above moderate incort ).Since the City cannot know which sites willl have SROs and their income levels, this table doesjotshownyo ofthese SROunits. The sites still have the  potential to accommodate some of these SROS  There are nine RHNA units allocated in this section of this City, representing 13 percent ofall units identified to satisfy Bradbury's RHNA. As not (ed in the table, there is also a potential for more lower and above moderate income units in the fomo ofs SROs but these units are not included int the analysis since their distribution across the 17 vad ant parcels isi unknown. As discussed above, Bradbury is a TCAC highest resource area. The Ciy's RHNA strategy encourages new units suitable for lower income households throughout the City,i including in Northern Bradbury in the form of SROs. The City's RHNA strategy in this ses ction of the City does not exacerbate fair housing conditions and promotes mixed income com nunities and new housing opportunities in Southeastern Bradbury. This analysis categorizes Southeastern Bradbury by the A-2. A-1.R- 7.500, and R-20,000 zoning designations in the southe ast corner of the City. There is also a small area zoned OS in this neighborhood. Southeastern Br adbury contains the only area zoned for R- 7,500 in the City. Only sites designated A-1 and A-2 sites have been identified in Southeastern  high resource areas.  Bradbury. Site ID 4 5 6 7 18  Table 35: RHNA Site Distribution- Southeastern Bradbury  Extremel Very Loj  APN  Site Type/Land Low/ Use  Low Moderate Above Total  Moderate  8527-016-019 Vacant Site,A-2 8527-016-046 Vacant Site.A-2 8527-016-037 Vacant Site,A-2 8527-021-011 Vacant Site,A-2 8527-021-041 Vacant Site.A-1  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-86    3  Vacant Site,A- 2/ SP Overlay  8527-016-049 Total Southeastern Bradbury  3 13  3 13  0  Note: The city estimated that 16 SROs would be distributed between 17 vacant non-developed sites (llower income and 5 above moderate income). Since the City cannot know which sites willl have SROs and their income levels, this table does not show any oft these SRO units. The sites still have the  potential to accommodate some oft these SROs.  At total of 13 RHNA units have been identified in Southeastern Bradbury, representing 19 percent ofunits identified Citywide. Again, the potential lower income SRO units are not identified in this breakdown because the exact sites where they will be located is unknown. Like Northern Bradbury, the City's RHNA strategy in Southeastern Bradbury ensures RHNA units ofa a single income level are not concentrated in this section of the City through SROs, which are assumed to be suitable for lower and above moderate income households. The RHNA strategy in Southeastern Bradbury promotes mixed income communities and new housing opportunities in high resource areas, including housing opportunities for lower income households. The City's RHNA strategy Southern Bradbury. Southern Bradbury is the smallest neighborhood defined in this analysis, represented by A-1, A-2, R-20,000. and a small area of OS designations. Most of Southern Bradburyi is south ofLemon Avenue, but also includes the A-1,0S, and A-2 zoned areas just north ofLemon Avenue. The following RHNA sites are located in Southern Bradbury:  int this section of the City does not exacerbate existing fair housing conditions.  Table 36: RHNA Site Distribution- Southern Bradbury  Site] ID  Site Type/Land Extremely Use  Above = 2 3 5  APN  Low/ Low Moderate Moderate Total  VeryLow 10  AHO 8527-022-901 AH Overlay,A-  8 = =  18 3 4 23  13 15  8527-023-012 Vacant Site,A- 8527-023-021 Vacant Site.A- Total Southern Bradbury  Note: The city estimated that 16 SROs would be distributed between 17 vacant non-developed sites (111 lower income and 5 above moderate income). Since the City cannot know which sites will have SROs and their income levels, this table does not show any of these SRO units. Sites 13 and 15s still  have the potential to accommodate some oft these SROs.  The City's RHNA strategy allocates 23 units over four sites in Southern Bradbury, including 10 lower income units, eight (8) moderate income units, and five (5) above moderate income units. The 23 units in this neighborhood represents 33 percent oft thel 69 units identified citywide to meet  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-87    the RHNA. Like the neighborhoods discussed above, the City's RHNA strategy in Southern Bradbury includes a mix of unit types suitable for all income levels. Sites 13 and 15 have the potential for SROs (not shown in table) which would be suitable for lower income households. About 38 percent oft the City's lower income RHNA is located in Southern Bradbury mostly due to the AHO with a capacity of 10 lower income units. However, the remainder 16 lower income units are distributed across other neighborhoods of the City in the form of SROs and ADUS. Also, of all Bradbury neighborhoods. southern Bradbury is closer and better conhected services and amenities both within the City and nearby cities. Like the strategy in the remainder oft the City, RHNA units in Southern Bradbury promote mixed income communities and housing units in high The City's RHNA strategy allocates units ofalli income types in all areas of Bradbury. RHNA sites  resource areas.  identified do not exacerbate conditions related to fair housing.  Table 37: Distribution of RHNA Sites by Neighborhood  Extremely Low/ VeryLow  Above  Low Moderate Moderate Total  Northern Bradbury Southeastern Bradbury Southern Bradbury Total Sites in AFFH Analysis  13 23 5  10  27  Table 38 summarizes the characteristics of Bradbury's census tract in relation toi its sites inventory  for the 45 units distributed across Bradbury.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-88    8      A  Vineyard Ave  WestvaleR Rd  I  Terrado Dr  Norumbeg  TIMeNe  -BradburyRa  5  OAKcIEIR    8.  Identification and Prioritization of Contributing Factors  Overall, the City is made up of an affluent mostly White and Asian aging community (over 50 percent are over the age of45).) Due toi its small size- only once census tract- there is no geographic concentration of poverty or ethnic groups. Bradbury is considered an area of "highest" opportunity and does not have overcrowding or substandard condition housing problems. The most prominent fair housing problems in the City are related to fair housing outreach and enforcement and housing  for special needs groups.  Fair Housing Enforcement and Outreach  The City did not have any fair housing complains or housing choice voucher users according to thei most recent data posted in HCD's AFFH Data Viewer. There are: also no records off fair housing testing during the 6th Cycle planning period. The City does appear to be lacking in its outreach efforts- both in disseminating fair housing services and in engaging thej public during the Housing  Element Process. Contributing Factors:  Lack ofr monitoring  Lack ofoutreach towards special needs groups  Lack ofr marketing of community meetings and fair housing services  Priority:  The City will prioritize addressing the lack of marketing of services since education this is the most important factor in being able to inform residents oft their fair housing rights, and empower them to make complaints when necessary as well as to inform landlords oft their responsibilities to ensure fair housing. By. July 2023, update City website to provide links to various local, state, and federal agencies and organizations that provide housing and related services and programs (Fair Housing Outreach and! Education Program). The City will also annually publish housing resources  on City newsletter.  Housing Needs for Special Needs Groups  Bradbury's population with a disability is mostly made up of seniors - with the most common disability being ambulatory difficulties. This indicates al higher need for housing for seniors with disabilities. In addition, about one quarter of the City's households earn low-to-moderate income households and LMI households experience cost burdens at the higher rates than above moderate households. About 60j percent ofLMI households are cost-burdened. These groups require special housing needs- assisted living or reasonable accommodations. for seniors with disabilities and  affordable housing for low and moderate income households.  Contributing Factors  Location and type ofa affordable housing Lack of knowledge of fair housing rights and resources Land use and zoning laws  Priority:  The City will prioritize advertising the rights and services available to special needs groups as part ofits Reasonable. Accommodation Program andi its Housing for Persons with Disabilities Program.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-91    By July 2023, update City website toj publicize information on reasonable accommodations. This and to inform Bradbury families oft the housing opportunities and services available for persons with developmental disabilities. These resource help facilitate housing mobility or allow The City will also prioritize the constraints from its land use and zoning laws by amending its zoning code toj promote a variety ofhousing types. As par ofi its Multi-Family Housing Program, Zoning Code Provisions for Special Needs Households Prpgram, and Accessory Dwelling Unit  persons with disabilities to age in place.  (ADU)/Junior ADU Program, the City will:  Amend the Affordable Housing Overlay Zone to jnclude affordable multi-family housing (at a density between 20 and 30 units per acre as an allowable use and to establish Amend the Development Code to require cookirg facilities to be included in individual SRO units to ensure each unit is a separate anl adequate dwelling unit. Increase the allowable number ofs SRO units in SRO developm ents in A-1 zone from three to four units, and in A-2 zone from five to six units. To acd ommodate the requirement for cooking facilities, the maximum unit size for SRO units vill be increased from 250 square feet to 300 square feet. This will create housing opportul nities for lower income residents. Review the conditions for approval for conditicaal usej permits in mosti residential zone forr residential care: facilities ofs seven or more gersons to ensure they are objective and Develop incentives to facilitate the developrent of these various types of ADUS- including creating an ADU handout to be posted online as well as creating pre-  appropriate development standards for multi-fami  yl housing.  provide certainty and consistency in outcomes  approved plans.  Housing Element 2021-2029  Appendix B  B-92    EXHIBIT B  Housing Element Completeness Checklist  A Quick Reference of Statutory Requirements for Housing Element Updates  Reso. 23-22    OMMUNITP  mj  CALIFORNI  HOUSING ELEMENT COMPLETENESS CHECKLIST A Quick Reference of Statutory Requirements for  Housing Element Updates Updated 1/2021  The purpose of this completeness checklist is to assist local governments in the preparation oft their housing element. Iti includes the statutory requirements of Government Code section 65580 - 65588. Completion of this checklist is not an indication of statutory compliance but is intended to provide a check to ensure that relevant requirements are included in the housing element prior to submittal to the Department of Housing and Community Development pursuant to Government Code section 65585(b). For purposes of the Checklist thet term "analysis" is defined as a description and evaluation of specific needs, characteristics, and For technical assistance on each section visit California Housing and Community Development Building Blocks Technical Assistance ntps/www.ncd.ca.govlcommunily-  resources available to address identified needs. developmentbulding.licksindexshtm)    Checklist  Pubiic Participation Description of Requirement  Government Code section 65583, subdivision (c)(8)  Page Number  Description of the diligent efforts the jurisdiction made to include all economic segments of the community and/or their representatives in the development and App A Summary of the public input received and a description of how it will be considered and incorporated into the housing element. Government Code section 65588, subdivision (a)  update of the housing element  A-1  Review and Revise Description of Requirement  Page Number Ch5 Ch5  Progress in implementation = A description of the actual results or outcomes of the previous element's goals, objectives, policies, and programs (e.g. what Effectiveness of the element - For each program, include an analysis comparing the differences between what was projected or planned in the Appropriateness of goals, objectives, policies, and programs -A description of how the goals, objectives, policies, and programs in the updated element are Ch5 being changed or adjusted to incorporate what has been learned from the results of the previous element. (e.g. continued, modified, or deleted.) Special needs populations - Provide a description of how past programs were effective in addressing the housing needs of the special populations. This analysis can be done as part of describing the effectiveness of the program pursuant to (2) if the jurisdiction has multiple programs to specifically address V-7toV-9 housing needs of special needs populations or if specific programs were not included, provide a summary of the cumulative results oft the programs in addressing the housing need terms of units or services by special need group. AB 1233 - Shortfall of sites from the 5th cycle planning period = Failure to implement rezoning required due to a shortfall of adequate sites to accommodate the 5th cycle planning period RHNA for lower-income households triggers the provisions of Government Code section 65584.09.  happened).  element and what was achieved.  N/A  Comments:  Housing Element Completeness Checklist 1/1/2021  2    Housing Needs Assessment - Quantification and Analysis of Need Government Code section 65583, subdivision (a)(1)(2) and section 65583.1,  subdivision (d)  For information on how to credit reductions to RHNA See Housing Element Sites Inventory Guidebook" at HCD's technical assistance memos ntps.www.nca.ca.gowcommuniy.  developmenthousingeelementhoemos.shtm,  Description of Requirement  Page Number II-1to5 III-3 III-9 III-2 II-7  Population (e.g., by age, size, ethnicity, households by tenure) and employment Household characteristics including trends, tenure, overcrowdings and severe II-5, III-2  trends overcrowding  Overpayment by income and tenure  Existing housing need for extremely low-income households Projected housing needs: Regional Housing Needs Allocation (RHNA) by income group, including projected extremely low-income households Housing stock conditions, including housing type, housing costs, vacancy rate II-6t011 Estimate of the number of units in need of replacement and rehabilitation dentification and Analysis of the Housing Needs for Special Needs  Populations  Government Code section 65583, subdivision (a)(7)  Description of Requirement  Page Number III-6 II-4t06 III-7 III-7 III-7 III-7  Elderly Large Households Farmworkers (seasonal and permanent) Female Headed Households Optional: Other (e.g. students, military)  Persons with Disabilities, including Developmental Disabilities  Homeless (seasonal and annual based on the point in time count  Comments:  Housing Element Completeness Checklist 1/1/2021  3    Affirmatively Further Fair Housing - An Assessment of Fair Housing -  Required for Housing Element due after 1/1/2021. Government Code section 65583, subdivision (c)(10)(A)  Part 1 Outreach  Description of Requirement  Page Number  Does the element describe and incorporate meaningful engagement that represents all segments of the community into the development of the housing App A  element, including goals and actions? Part 2 Assessment of Fair Housing Description of Requirement in the jurisdiction?  Page Number B-9 to2 28 B-29 to36 B-37to 59 B-60to78  Does the element include a summary oft fair housing enforcement and capacity B-4to8  The element must include an analysis of these four areas: Integration and segregation patterns and trends Racially or ethnically concentrated areas of poverty Disparities in access to opportunity  Disproportionate housing needs within the jurisdiction, including  displacement risk  Each analysis should include these components: Local: Review and analysis of data at a local level  Regional impact; Analysis of local data as it compares on a regional level Trends and patterns: Review of data to identify trends and patterns over time Other relevant factors, including other local data and knowledge Conclusion and findings with a summary of fair housing issues  Part 3 Sites Inventory Description of Requirement  Page Number B-83t088  Did the element identify and evaluate (e.g., maps) the number of units, location and assumed affordability of identified sites throughout the community (i.e., lower, moderate, and above moderate income RHNA) relative to all Did the element analyze and conclude whether the identified sites improve or exacerbate conditions for each of the fair housing areas (integration and segregation, racially and ethnically concentrated areas of poverty, areas of opportunity, disproportionate housing needs including displacement)?  components of the assessment of fair housing?  B83to88  Comments:  Housing Element Completeness Checklist 1/1/2021  4    Part 4 Identification of Contributing Factors Description of Requirement housing issues?  Page Number B83to88  Did the element identify, evaluate, and prioritize the contributing factors to fair  Part 5 Goals and Actions Page Description of Requirement prioritized contributing factors?  Page Number B-90t091  Did the element identify, goals and actions based on the identified and Do goals and actions address mobility enhancement, new housing choices and affordability in high opportunity areas, place-based strategies for preservation Ch6 and revitalization, displacement protection and other program areas?  Programs must include the following components: segregation and affirmatively further fair housing.  Actions must be significant, meaningful and sufficient to overcome identified patterns of Metrics and milestones for evaluating progress on programslactions and fair housing  results.  Affordable Housing Units At-Risk of Conversion to Market Rate See Preserving Existing Affordable Housing nttps,/www.nca.ca.gov/policy-  Government Code section 65583, subdivision (a)(9) esearch/preserving-existing-affordable-nousing.shtm!)  Description of Requirement  Page Number III-8  Provide an inventory of units at-risk of conversion from affordable to market-rate rents within 10 years of the beginning of the planning period. The inventory must list each development by project name and address, the type of governmental assistance received, the earliest possible date of change from low-income use, and the total number of elderly and nonelderly units that could be lost from the locality's low-income housing stock in each year. Provide an estimate and comparison of replacement costs VS. preservation Identify qualified entities to acquire and manage affordable housing Identify potential funding sources to preserve affordable housing  N/A N/A N/A  costs  Comments: For at-risk conversion section, there are zero units at risk or households  receiving assistance sO HE does not identify entities to manage AH or funding  sources to preserve it.  Housing Element Completeness Checklist 1/1/2021  5    Analysis of Actual and Potential Governmental Constraints Government Code section, 65583, subdivisions (a)(5), (a)(4), (c)(1), and section See "Accessory Dwelling Unit Handbook" at HCD's Accessory Dwelling Unit Assistance page  65583.2, subdivision (c)  hitps/www.hcd.ca.owpolcy-researchaccesonydwe"ligunits.shtm!,  Description of Requirement  Page Number  Land use controls (e.g. parking, lot coverage, heights, unit size requirements, open space requirements, Accessory Dwelling Unit (ADU) requirements, floor area ratios, growth controls (e.g., caps on units or population or voter approval requirements, conformance with the requirements of SB 330), inclusionary requirements, consistency with State Density Bonus Law and Housing Accountability Act, and consistency with zoning and development standard website publication and transparency requirements pursuant to Gov. Code S Local processing and permit procedures (e.g., typical processing times, permit ypes/requirements by housing type and zone, decision making criteria/findings, designlsitearchitectural review process and findings, description of standards objective/subective), planned development process). Element should also describe whether the jurisdiction has a process to accommodate SB3 35 streamline applications and by-right applications for permanent supportive Building codes and their enforcement (e.g., current application of the California Building Code, any local amendments, and local code enforcement process and IV-17 On and Off-Site improvement requirements (e.g., street widths, curbing Fees and other exactions (e.g., list all fees regardless of entity collecting the fee, analyze all planning and impact fees for both single family and multifamily development, provided typical totals and proration to total development costs per IV-19 square foot, and consistency with fee website publication and transparency requirements pursuant to Gov. Code S 65940.1 subd. (a)(1)(A)). Housing for persons with disabilities (e.g. definition of family, concentrating/stuing requirements for group homes, reasonable accommodation procedures, application of building codes and ADA requirements, zoning for group homes Analysis of locally-adopted ordinances that directly impact the cost and supply of IV-23 housing (e.g. inclusionary ordinance, short-term rental ordinance)  IV-2-IV15  65940.1 subd. (a)(1)(B)).  IV-21  housing and navigation centers.  programs) requirements)  IV-18  IV-16  and community care facilities)  Comments:  Housing Element Completeness Checklist 1/1/2021  6    An Analysis of Potential and Actual Nongovernmental Constraints  Government Code section, 65583, subdivision (a)(6)  Description of Requirement Availability of financing Price of land Cost of Construction and analysis  Page Number IV-25 IV-24 IV-24 IV-25 IV-25  Requests to develop housing below identified densities in the sites inventory Typical timeframes between approval for a housing development project and  application for building permits  Does the analysis demonstrate the jurisdiction's action(s) to mitigate nongovernmental constraints that create a gap between planning for housing to accommodate all income levels  and the construction of housing to accommodate all income levels?  Zoning for a Variety of Housing Types  Government Code section, 65583, subdivisions (a)(4), (c)(1), and subdivision 65583.2 Provide an analysis of zoning and availability of sites for a variety of housing types including  subdivision (c) the following:  Description of Requirement Multifamily Rental Housing  Page Number IV-5 IV-11 IV-14 IV-15 IV-15 IV-7 IV-4 IV-4 IV-5  Housing for Agricultural Employees (permanent and seasonal) (compliance with IV-10 Health and Safety Code sections 17021.5, 17021.6, and 17021.8 Emergency Shelters (including compliance with new evelopmentparking standards pursuant to AB 139/Gov. Code S 65583 subd. (a)(4)(A)).  Low Barrier Navigation Centers Transitional Housing Single-Room Occupancy Units Mobile Home Parks Accessory Dwelling Units  Supportive Housing (including compliance with AB 2162, statutes of 2019) Manufactured homes, including compliance with Gov. Code S 65852.3  Comments: AB 2339 analysis done IV-12  Housing Element Completeness Checklist 1/1/2021  7    Site Inventory and Analysis  Government Code, section 65583, subdivision (a)(3), section 65583.1, subdivision See Housing Element Sites Inventory Guidebook" and' "Default Density Standard Option" at  HCD's technical assistance memos ntps/w.nca.ca.gowcommunty evelopmenthousing-elementnoemos.shtm!, https:/www.hcd.ca.gov/communty-developmenthousing- lement/docs/Site.ventory.nstructions.pd,  See Site Inventory Form nttps:www.nca.ca.gov/communty-developmentnousing- lement/docs/Site_nventory_template090z2020.xism) and Site Inventory Form Instructions Site Inventory - The site inventory must be prepared using the form adopted by HCD. Ae electronic copy of the site inventory is due at the time the adopted housing element is submitted to HCD for review and can be sent to enventon@ncdcaow  Site Inventory  Description of Requirement  Page Number IP  Sites Inventory Form Listing: Parcel listing by parcel number, size, general plan and zoning, existing uses on non-vacant sites, realistic capacity, level of affordability byi income group, publicly owned sites (optional). Prior Identified Sites: Address whether sites are adequate to accommodate lower income needs based on identification in the prior planning period for non- IV-35  vacant sites or two or more for vacant sites.  Map of sites  IV-35  Did the jurisdiction use the sites inventory form adopted by HCD?  Site Inventory Analysis and Methodology Description of Requirement  Page Number  RHNA Progress: List the number of pending, approved or permitted units by income group based on actual or anticipated sales prices and rents since the N/A Environmental Constraints: Address any known environmental or other constraints, conditions or circumstances, including mitigation measures, that Appropriate density: Identification of zoning to accommodate RHNA for lower- Identify zones meeting the "default" density (Gov. Code S 65583.2 subd. Identify and analyze zones with densities less than the "deemed appropriate" (default) density that are appropriate to accommodate lower RHNA.  beginning of the projection period  IV-34  impede development in the planning period  income households: (c)(3)(B)) or;  IV-33AHO  Comments:  Housing Element Completeness Checklist 1/1/2021  8    Description of Requirement  Page Number  Capacity. Describe the methodology used in quantifying the number of units Ifd development is required to meet a minimum density, identify the minimum Describe the methodology used to determine realistic capacity accounting for IV-30 land use controls and site improvement requirements, typical density trends for projects of similar affordability, and current or planned infrastructure. For sites with zones allowing non-residential uses, demonstrate the Infrastructure: Existing or planned infrastructure to accommodate the regional Small and large sites: Sites identified to accommodate lower RHNA that are less than one-half acre or larger than 10 acres require analysis to establish they N/A are adequate to accommodate the development of affordable units. Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing: Identified sites throughout the community that affirmatively furthers fair housing (see page 5 of checklist) Nonvacant Sites Analysis: For nonvacant sites, demonstrate the potential and likelihood of additional development within the planning period based on extent tov which existing uses may constitute an impediment to additional residential development, past experience with converting existing uses to higher density residential development, current market demand for the existing use, any existing leases or other contracts that would perpetuate the existing use or prevent redevelopment of the site for additional residential development, development trends, market conditions, and regulatory or other incentives or standards to encourage additional residential development on these sites Ifn nonvacant sites accommodate 50 percent or more of the lower-income RHNA, demonstrate the existing use is not an impediment to additional development and will likely discontinue in the planning period, including adopted N/A Nonvacant sites that include residential units (either existing or demolished) that are/were occupied by, or subject to, affordability agreements for lower-income households within 5 years are subject to a housing replacement program. (Gov. N/A Please note: This checklist does not include new requirements related to zoning for sites accommodating the moderate and above moderate income pursuant to AB 725, statutes of  that can be accommodated on each APN:  density, or;  likelihood of residential development  housing need, including water, sewer and dry utilities  IV-27  APP B  IV-33  findings based on substantial evidence.  Code S 65583.2 subd. (9)(3))  2020 as this requirement is not enacted until 2022.  Comments:  Housing Element Completeness Checklist 1/1/2021  9    Alternative Methods to Accommodate the RHNA: Optional  Description of Requirement  Page Number  Accessory Dwelling Units: Analyze the number and affordability level of ADU units projected to be built within the planning period, including resources and IV-32 incentives and other relevant factors such as potential constraints, and the Existing Residential Units: number and affordability level of units rehabilitated, converted or preserved that meet the provisions of alternative adequate sites. In addition, this includes units in a motel, hotel, or hostel that are converted to residential units and made available to persons experiencing homelessness as N/A part of a COVID-19 response and acquisition of mobile home park. Ifusing this option, the adequate site alternative checklist must be provided. Other: Jurisdictions are encouraged to consult with HCD regarding other alternative methods options including new manufactured housing park hook- ups, floating homes/live aboard berths, conversion of military housing, adaptive N/A reuse of commercial uses, or other housing opportunities unique to the community to ensure their adequacy to accommodate RHNA.  likelihood of availability for rent  Other Miscellaneous Requirements  Also see Technical Advisories issued by the Governor's Office of Planning and Research at: PIePcAgOwCOSOPR.Appendk.Cmapen and Fire Hazard Planning General Plan  New state legislation related to General Plans Appendix C Technical Advice Series ntp.loprcagowdocsfFinal626.15.pdp  Description of Requirement  Page Number I-2  Description of the means by which consistency with the general plan will be achieved and maintained. (Gov. Code S 65583 subd. (c)(8)) Description of construction, demolition, and conversion of housing for lower- and moderate-income households within the Coastal Zone (ifa applicable). (Gov. N/A Description of opportunities for energy conservation in residential development. IV-35 Description of consistency with water and sewer priority requirements pursuant I-2 Other elements of the general plan triggered by housing element adoption: Disadvantaged Communities (Gov. Code S 65302.10) Flood Hazard and Management (Gov. Code S 65302 subds. (d)(3) and Fire Hazard (Gov. Code S 65302 and 65302.5) Environmental Justice (Gov. Code S 65302 subd. (h))  Code S 65588 subds. (c) and (d)) (Gov. Code S 65583 subd. (a)(8)) toSB1087 (Gov. Code S 65589.7)  N/A  (g)(2)(B))  Climate Adaptation Comments:  Housing Element Completeness Checklist 1/1/2021  10    Schedule of Actions/Programs  Government Code, section 65583, subdivisions (c)(1 -7), and (10)  For adequate site programs See "Housing Element Sites Inventory Guidebook" at HCD's technical assistance memos ntps/www.hca.cagowcommuntydevelopmenVhousing:  emenunousingeemeen-memossntm) Program Description  Program numbers  Page number  Program(s) to provide adequate sites (large/small sites, incentives for mixed use/nonvacant sites, publicly owned sites, annexation, etc)  Ifr required: Program to accommodate a shortfall of adequate sites to accommodate the lower RHNA. This program must meet the specific criteria identified in Gov. Code S 65583.2 subd. Ifrequired: Program to accommodate an unaccommodated need from the previous planning period pursuant to Gov code S Ifrequired: Program when vacantnonvacant sites to accommodate lower RHNA have been identified in multiple housing elements, if needed. (Gov. Code S 65583.2 subd. (c)) Ifre required: Program to provide replacement units when occupied by, or deed restricted to ifneeded. (Gov. Code S 65583.2 subd. (g)(3)) Program(s) to assist in the development of housing to accommodate extremely-low, very-low, low or moderate-income households, including special Program to address governmental and nongovermental constraints to the maintenance, improvement, and development of housing Program(s) to conserve and improve the condition of the existing affordable housing stock  AHO prog 5,6  VI-5  (h)and ().  N/A  65584.09  N/A  lower-income households within the last 5 years, AB 1397, Prog.5  VI-5  5,6,7 7,9 11  IV-5,6,7 IV-9,7 VI-10  needs populations  Comments:  Housing Element Completeness Checklist 1/1/2021  11    Program Description housing opportunities  Program numbers  Page number VI-2,3  Program(s) to promote and affirmative further fair  1,2  Program(s) to preserve units at-risk of conversion from affordable to market-rate rents.  N/A  N/A  Program(s) to incentivize and promote the creation of accessory dwelling units that can be offered at an  8  affordable rent.  VI-9  Do programs specify specific clear commitment, meaningful actions, that will have Do programs identify timing, objectives (quantified where appropriate), and responsible  beneficial impact within the planning period? parties, if appropriate for implementation? Quantified Objectives  Government Code, section 65583, subdivisions (b)  For an example table addressing this requirement visit California Housing and Community Development Building Blocks ntps/ww.hca.ca.gocommuntydevelopmentbuliding.  cspogam-eguirmemspogamoavéewatm,  Description of Requirement  Page Number VI-12  Estimate the number of units likely to be constructed, rehabilitated and conserved or preserved by income level, including extremely low-income,  during the planning period Comments:  Housing Element Completeness Checklist 1/1/2021  12