Franklin County 4 NatralSeting) for Oppertuniy AGENDA FRANKLIN COUNTY BOARD OF SUPERVISORS THURSDAY, JANUARY 23, 2025, 3:00 PM GOVERNMENT CENTER BOARDROOM, 1255 FRANKLING STREET, ROCKY MOUNTI VA 3:00 3:01 3:02 3:03 3:30 4:15 4:30 Call to Order, Chairman Ronnie Thompson Invocation, Supervisor Mike Carter Pledge of Allegiance, Supervisor Dan Quinn Franklin County Farm Bureau - Meet & Greet Farm Bureau Informational Session - Solar Q&A Request for Closed Meeting in Accordance with 2.2-3711; (A) (3) discussion of the acquisition of real property or the disposition of real property; (A) (5) discussion concerning a prospective business or industry or the expansion of an existing business or industry; (A)(8) Consultation with legal counsel employed or retained by a public body regarding specific legal matters requiring the provision of legal advice by such counsel; (A) (29) discussion of the terms of a public contract, of the Code of Virginia, as Amended. Certification of Closed Meeting in Accordance with 2.2-3712 (d), oft the Code of Virginia, as Amended. Recess for Dinner 5:30 6:05 Dinner Joint WORK SESSION with Planning Commission (Room B-75) Comprehensive Plan Update Zoning Ordinance Update (Attachment #18) Recess until Tuesday, February 18"h, 2025 at 3:00 PM for regular Board of Supervisors Meeting. 18 Franklin County Housing Study & Zoning Ordinance Update BERKLEY GROUP Joint Worksession January 23, 2025 Agenda Project Overview Franklin County has enlisted the support of the Berkley Group to update, modernize, and restructure the Zoning Ordinance. The revised Zoning Ordinance will: Provide streamlined and user-friendly regulations; Incorporate best planning practices and current Code of Virginia requirements; Address the goals and strategies identified in the Comprehensive Plan; and Consider citizen needs and issues identified through the public engagement process. This process will be guided by County staff, the Planning Commission, and the Board of Supervisors and includes opportunities fori input from stakeholders and County residents. Agenda 1. Schedule and Progress to Date - 5 minutes 2. Document review and discussion = 90 minutes a. Public Engagement Summary b. Housing Assessment Diagnostic Report 3. Next Steps - 5 minutes Schedule August 2024 Kick0 Off PC/BOS Worksession Sept/Oct:2024, Survey Focus Groups Public Workshops Public Engagement Jan. 2025 PC/BOS Meeting March 2025 Drafting PCWorksession 1 Start Nov. 2025 BOSUPDATE Sept. 2025 July 2025 BOSUPDATE May 2025 Drafting & Bi-Monthly PC Worksessions- January 2026 Drafting PCWorksession 6 May 2026 Pre-A Adoption PC/BOS Worksession Final Revisions Adoption June & July 2026 PC & BOS Public Hearings End March 2026 Public Draft Review & Open House Joint Worksession Agenda IP Page 1of2 Franklin County Housing Study & Zoning Ordinance Update BERKLEY GROUP Joint Worksession January 23, 2025 Agenda Progress to Date: Staff Kickoff- - Held on July 16, 2024. The Berkley Group conducted al kickoff meeting with Franklin County staff to review the scope of work and deliverable items. Joint Kickoff Worksession - Held on August 22, 2024. During this meeting, the Berkley Group presented the scope of work and schedule for the Zoning Ordinance update process to the Planning Commission and Board of Supervisors. Feedback was received from staff, Public Engagement - Public engagement offered opportunities to collect community An online public survey was conducted from September 201 through October 24, 2024. Public workshops were held on September 23, and October 23, 2024. Focus group: sessions were held September 23, 2024. commissioners, and supervisors. feedback on priorities fori the Ordinance update. Document Review & Discussion * See Attachment Ai for the Public Engagement Summary. See Attachment Bi for the Franklin County Housing Assessment. Presentation and discussion as needed. Presentation and discussion including direction from the Board of Supervisors and Planning Commission regarding report recommendation implementation into the Presentation and policy discussions for drafting the new Zoning Ordinance. new Zoning Ordinance. See Attachment Ci for the Zoning Ordinance Diagnostic Report. Next Steps The Planning Commission will have the first drafting worksession on March 12, 2025. During this session drafted text for the table of contents and administrative articles (General, Administrative, Permits & Applications, and Nonconformities) will be reviewed. Drafting worksessions will continue bi-monthly with the Planning Commission. The Board of Supervisors will receive a progress update in July 2025. Joint Worksession Agenda IP Page 2of2 APPENDIXA Franklin County Zoning Ordinance Update Public Engagement Summary Public Engagement Overview Franklin County ANatrals Setting for Opportinity This document compiles and summarizes the input received through the initial public engagement activities for the Franklin County Zoning Ordinance Update; the input includes the suggestions, concerns, and comments received from four Focus Groups, two Public Workshops, and the Community Survey. Focus group listening sessions were held on September 23, 2024, at the Franklin Center, with at total of 27 attendees. Representatives attended from the following sectors: agricultural, housing development, housing organizations, utilities, and Franklin County government. Each group discussed the current Zoning Ordinance, ideas and opportunities to improve the Ordinance, and broader issues regarding agriculture and housing in the County. The compiled results are attached in Appendix A, Focus Group The public workshops were held on September 23 and October 23, 2024, at 6:00 p.m. A total of ten community members attended. After a presentation about Franklin County's Zoning Ordinance update, attendees participated in group exercises to give meaningful feedback about the process. The results are The community: survey was available from September 201 through October 24, 2024, receiving at total of 941 responses. The survey results are attached in Appendix C, Community Survey Results. Results. attached in Appendix B, Public Workshop Results. Three main themes emerged across all public engagement: DistrictLots & Setbacks Uses & Housing Agriculture Agriculture: Preserving agricultural lands for farming operations is widely supported. Existing supportive agriculture programs (i.e., land use taxation) are appreciated; no more regulations are needed or wanted. Agricultural residential uses, such as chicken coops, should be allowed. There is wide agreement that too many SUPS are required. Participants would like to seei the zoning districts updated instead of "A-1 being a catchall." The A-1 District should be reserved for agriculture; the District should not be used for District Lots and Setbacks: Setbacks need to be updated and more relevant to the districts. Private roads, ifa allowed, should be built and maintained to VDOT: standards. Smaller lot sizes for housing should be Uses and Housing: There is a demand for more housing type choices and affordability. There is wide support for expanding the housing types and mixed-use developments allowed by-right to meet the demand and provide more variety. There is general agreement that short-term rentals should be al by- residential subdivisions. permitted in residential districts. right use: subject to uniform standards. Public Engagement Summaryl Page 1 of7 Franklin County Zoning Ordinance Update Public Engagement Summary Focus Groups Focus Group Attendance Housing Development Attorneys Banks Contractors and Developers Engineers Realtors Surveyors Housing Organizations Affordable Condo Association Agricultural Extension Office- Virgina Tech Farm Bureau Franklin County Agricultural Development Committee County and Utilities Administration Habitat for Humanity Building Official Promised Land Homes Development Services SERCAP (Southeast Rural Community Assistance Project) STEP, inc. (Solutions That Empower People) West Piedmont Planning District Commission Housing (VDH) Economic Development Planning and Zoning Tourism Virginia Department of VDOT (VA Department ofTransportation) WVWA (Western VA Water Authority) Four focus group listening sessions were conducted ati the Franklin Center in a roundtable discussion format. Int total, 27 representatives from community organizations and businesses throughout the County attended. The discussions focused largely on agricultural and housing issues in the County. Discussion also addressed design standards, land uses, and the character of development in the County as they relate to updating the Zoning Ordinance. Full Focus Group results are found in Appendix A. The following are summaries oft the main discussion topics: Agricultural Agricultural production int the County includes a diverse range of activities, such as dairy, beef, hay, vegetable crops, and grains. Several programs are in place to address impacts and support farmers, including nutrient management plans, the Soil and Water Conservation District's waterway protection program, and land use taxation. Farmers appreciate these programs and do not want them changed. Farmers express concerns over increasing regulations, stating they already face numerous state and federal requirements. Dairy and poultry farming, in particular, are highly regulated within the state. There iss support for allowing small chicken coops in residential neighborhoods, and horses on five acresor more. Farmers want flexibility from local ordinances to allow them to react to market fluctuations by Public Engagement Summary Page 2 of7 Franklin County Zoning Ordinance Update Public Engagement Summary instituting innovative ways to make a living. For example, farm worker housing, roadside stands, agritourism, etc., should be allowed by-right. Constraints to Housing Development The County lacks a diverse range of housing options, both for rent and for ownership. There is high demand for workforce housing near: Smith Mountain Lake. Simultaneously, the County faces significant housing development challenges related toi the lack of public water and sewer infrastructure. Housing should be configured in neighborhoods with access roads to main routes rather than county roads lined with single-family homes, each with its own driveway to the main route (also known as rural residential strip development). Flexibility is needed to locate manufactured home communities and individual manufactured homes in close proximity to employment centers, shopping, etc., and individual manufactured homes should bet treated like other single-family homes. Lot sizes, coverage, setbacks, and frontage requirements need to be updated to allow more flexibility in locating buildings on lots and allowing more density for housing. More housing types should be permitted by-right, such as duplexes and Accessory Dwelling Units (ADUS); and incentives for cluster housing should bei implemented through simplified standards. Mixed-use developments are also needed to create new lifestyle options. There is a demand for neighborhoods featuring smaller units and community: amenities, such as recreation areas, bike lanes, and sidewalks, as young families and older residents prefer these amenities over large yards. Economic development incentives should include improvements to road infrastructure, public sewer access, and matching funds. Roads Current road capacities are struggling to accommodate the rising traffic, particularly on Route 122 and Route 2201 through Boones Mill. Moving farm equipment, roadside stands, etc., on major roads, such as Route 122, can create hazardous traffic conditions as vehicles have to: stop to make turns, blocking traffic int the process. While this update project is not addressing subdivision standards, participants recommended that subdivision roads be constructed to Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) standards toi facilitate their adoption into the state road system. Permit. and Review Process Many permitting decisions ini the County are unnecessarily elevated to the Planning Commission and Board of Supervisors instead of being approved or denied administratively. The review and permitting processes: should be updated to use digital platforms and submittal options. Permitting fees are considered reasonable, and the Planning Department is noted for being responsive and helpful. The County generally completes reviews faster than state requirements, but greater flexibility in review process timelines would be appreciated. Public Engagement Summaryl Page 3 of7 Franklin County Zoning Ordinance Update Public Engagement Summary Short-Term. Rentals (STRS) While STRS help support the tourism industry, concerns were raised about them reducing the availability of homes fort full-time housing. The high number of SUP applications the County is processing on a regular basis is seen as problematic for several reasons, including ambiguity and community unrest caused byt the process. Additionally, inconsistencies exist between the regulations in County Code Chapter 5 and the Zoning Ordinance. Participants agreed that STRs should be permitted by-right, and accompanied bya standardized checklist of requirements, to ensure consistent regulations and fair treatment across all cases. District Lots &. Setbacks Maintaining larger lot sizes (5 acres or more) in the A-1 District, reducing lot sizes in the residential districts, and allowing for increased density in the R-1 and R-2 districts were agreed to be good solutions to increase housing availability. Uses & Housing New residential neighborhoods should be located in residential districts rather than being allowed in the A-1 District. Only agricultural uses should be permitted in A-11 to preserve the agricultural lands and operations. In general, all district standards and uses need tol be updated for relevance to the district purposes, and requirements for SUPs should be greatly reduced. Additionally, design standards for signs, lighting, and fences should be more effective. Participants are concerned about the use of recreational vehicles for housing. Public Workshops Atotaloft tenr members of the public attended two publicworkshops. Afterap presentation about thez zoning ordinance update and the purpose of the ordinance, attendees participated in a small group exercise to discuss and answer questions as a group. Full public workshop results can be found in Appendix B. The following are the common themes agreed upon by the two groups: Reduction of SUP uses. Preservation of agricultural and rural lands. Smaller lots can help provide housing. Rural residential strip development should not be allowed. The County needs more types of housing. Design standards are needed fors signage, screening, lighting, commercial propertyaesthetics, etc. Public Engagement Summary Page 4 of7 Franklin County Zoning Ordinance Update Public Engagement Summary Community Survey The community survey was available from September 20, through October 24, 2024, receiving at total of 94 responses. Of those 94 participants, 60% live within the zoned portion of the County, and 27% livei in the unzoned portion; 55% own property ini the County; 29% worki in the County; and 19% own a business in Franklin County. The full survey results are attached as Appendix C. Thet following is an excerpt of the survey results: 1. Select your top three zoning and land use priorities for the County: Improving community appearance Encouraging industrial growth Encouraging new commercial, businesses (retail, restaurants, etc.) Encouraging new housing Encouraging agricultural industry Conserving sensitive environmental Protecting existing residential areas development growth areas from other uses Protecting existing rural/agricultural lands Q% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Public Engagement Summaryl Page 5 of7 Franklin County Zoning Ordinance Update Public Engagement Summary 2. Within the County's Designated Growth. Areas, what three things contribute the most to an inviting village community? High quality building materials and design Trees and landscaping that provide shade and color Consistent or compatible building scale, size, & height A mixof housing types Lighting that ensures safety but prevents light pollution Reduced sign clutter Sidewalks/bike lanes 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 3. Do you think the Countysshort-term rental policies are too restrictive or not restrictive enough? Too restrictive Not restrictive enough 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Public Engagement Summaryl Page 6 of7 Franklin County Zoning Ordinance Update Public Engagement Summary 4. Inwhich zoning districts do you supports short-term rentals? Low Density Residential Neighborhoods High Density Residential Neighborhoods Agricultural Areas Business & Commercial Areas AlL districts None No Opinion 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Public Engagement Summaryl Page 7 of7 APPENDIX A Focus Group Results Franklin County Housing Study & Zoning Ordinance Update Franklin ANaturals Settingfr County Opportmity Focus Group Compiled Results Agricultural Agricultural production in the County: dairy, beef, hay, vegetable crops, grain, corn, soybean, wheat, barley. Programs that are helping farmers operate very well (please do not change anything): Nutrient management plans Land Use Taxation The Soil and' Water Conservation District waterway protection program management for stream erosion. Farmers do not want more regulations; they already have many: state and federal requirements. Dairy and poultry are the most regulated types ofi farming in the state. Small chicken coops should be allowed in residential neighborhoods. Some residents int the R-1 district have horses. odors, and farm equipment using the roads. Some newer residents have moved here to be inarural area, but they complain about the agricultural uses, such as When at farm is partially zoned and partially not zoned it can cause problems for the farmer. Ap permit is required to build an access road on the farm. between the farmer and the worker(s). Farm worker housing should be allowed by-right and not regulated by the County. It should be an agreement O H2A1 temporary agricultural workers are federally regulated. certain size they should ber regulated to provide parking, entrances, etc. Roadside stands work well in the County, but at what point does a farm stand become a commercial business? Ata Agritourism Allow signage for businesses/tourist events. Constraints to Housing Development Lack of public water and sewer. County should bei involved in road safety/traffic controli fore events and businesses along busy roads. Developers are required tol build road infrastructure for new developments. Improvements to existing road infrastructure would help alleviate development constraints. Amanufactured home dealer was required to get an SUP in order to display models on a commercial property. The The County needs residential neighborhoods with access roads to the main routes instead of county roads lined with Homes/parcels get laid out along the main routes, which blocks the land behind them from being developed Itis difficult to build new manufactured home communities where it makes the most sense tol build them. They should not be located outi in the rural areas; people need tol live near places of employment and services. Manufactured homes should be allowed on lots in neighborhoods like any other home. process took 8 months and was very cumbersome. single-family homes. into ar neighborhood. R-1 and R-2 districts make more sense for these neighborhoods. With small parcels sometimes thei front setback is too large to be able to situate the home with well and septic behind the house. BERKLEY GROUP Focus Group Compiled Results IPagelof4 Franklin County Housing Study & Zoning Ordinance Update Franklin ANaturals Settingfr County Opportmiy Focus Group Compiled Results Corner lots require two fronts. Sometimes the required setbacks make iti impossible to build al house. Costs of construction are too high to provide housing in lower price ranges. Duplexes should be allowed by-right, whether they are: stick built or modular. Accessory Dwelling Units (ADU) should be allowed by-right with use standards. Change lot sizes/coverage, setbacks, frontage requirements to increase densities. Townhomes are currently not allowed in the PCD district -1 they should be allowed by-right. The PCD district should not have SUP uses - allow mixed-use and other appropriate uses by-right. The time it takes to get al building permit. Housing There is ar need for apartments in the County. The ones built recently in Westlake were rented immediately. Workforce housing is in demand, especially around Smith Mountain Lake. The County lacks all types of housing - for rent and to own, especially near the lake. Need a variety ofe entry-level housing; education is needed for new homeowners. Ahealthy economy requires all the housing types: cluster development, patio homes, townhomes, condos, apartments, short-term rentals, long-term rentals, housing to buy, starter homes, retirement communities, assisted living, duplexes, apartments above businesses, detached single-family homes, accessory dwelling units, and manufactured homes. Cluster housing should bei incentivized with simpler, streamlined standards. Condominiums accommodate more housing on a piece of property. Mixed-use developments would offer esvyesyneghbornoods we dor not have. Neighborhoods' with small units and community amenities are in demand; young families want recreation, splash pads, dog parks, playgrounds, bike lanes, sidewalks/trails etc., but do not want al big yard to take care of. 90% of the County's housing are: single-family homes with three or more bedrooms. There is demand for smaller homes on smaller lots. Older people want to downsize and dor not want to take care ofal large house and yard. Incentivize cluster development with economic development incentives such as improvements to road infrastructure, public sewer, matching funds. Roads Moving farm equipment from one part of thet farm to another is difficult because of traffic on the roads. Roadside farm stands on major roads like Route 122 can create dangerous traffic conditions due to cars stopping on Road capacities are not keeping up with the increasing traffic- especially on Route 122 and through Boones Mill. Subdivisions with private roads are not maintained well and have single-entry roads without inter-connectivity. They the road waiting to turn. should be built to VDOT standards so they can be adopted into the state road system. Review process Too many permitting decisions go to the Board of Supervisors rather than being handled administratively. The County requires seven paper copies of site plans while most localities require digital copies and/or fewer paper Staff should approve the majority of permit applications. copies. They should all be digital until signatures are required. BERKLEY GROUP Focus Group Compiled Results Page 2of4 Franklin County Housing Study & Zoning Ordinance Update Franklin ANaturals Settingfr County Opportmity Focus Group Compiled Results Permitting fees are reasonable. The Planning Department is great to work with. An online submittal platform for development applications (such as eTRAKIT or Cityworks) is an important and needed improvement. Online submittal platforms are more efficient, ensure accountability and fairness, and allow applicants to login to see comments, and find out where their applications stand ini the process. The County's review time is usually faster than the state requirement. Flexibility in review process timelines would be appreciated. Short term rentals support thet tourism industry. Short-term Rentals Short-term rentals should not be allowed in A-1 when there are multiple rentals that change the use oft thel land. Short-term rentals should be allowed by-right with a checklist of requirements they have to follow. Make it the same for everyone; the SUP process sets different rules for each case. Short-term rentals are taking homes that are needed for full-time housing; they should be restricted or limited. The County ordinances lack standards and enforcement, and violations are behind state code standards. Enforcement should be countywide. It would be less of al burden ift they were allowed by-right with regulations, and homeowner association (HOA) covenants can decide whether to allow them in areas that have HOAS. The regulations in the County Code Chapter 5 and the Zoning Ordinance are not the same. SUPS for this use are a problem. Regulations need to be changed; the County has too many SUP applications. Ifthe use was allowed by-right more people would register them. Zoning Subdivisions should not be allowed in A-1 -r rezoning to a residential district should be required. County is divided (culturally) by zoned and unzoned areas. Fencing standards should be revised and clarified. The Special Use Permit (SUP) requirements (setbacks, etc.) for poultry confinement facilities (chicken houses) need to be updated. The setbacks are: so large it is hard to meet the requirements. Keep the lot sizes in A-1 large (5 or more acres) and reduce lot sizes in residential districts. Increasing density in the R-1 and R-2 districts would be appropriate and provide more housing. Without public water and sewer larger lots are required to accommodate onsite water/sewer. When a developer builds ar neighborhood or subdivision the land should be rezoned to the appropriate residential zoning district rather than remaining A-1. Non-agricuitura. uses should not be allowed in A-1; a rezoning should be required. The A-1 district currently allows too many by-right uses and uses by SUP. Open space requirements are too stringent to development in certain scenarios. Developers are interested in incentives for large open space requirements. The 30' rear yard setback is tool big. Accessory: structure setbacks are tool big. Zoning is not conducive to childcare/daycare businesses, which are in demand. Lack of enforcement for temporary signs need to limit location and number of signs. BERKLEY GROUP Focus Group Compiled Results Page 3 of4 Franklin County Housing Study & Zoning Ordinance Update Itshould be easier for people to maintain andi improve their business signs. Strip housing along roads is a problem -1 too many driveways connected tol busy roads. Franklin ANatuna!s Settingfr County Opportmity Focus Group Compiled Results Additional Topics Asignificant number of people want utility hookups for RVs. There is an influx of permanent "campers" - people living in campers. Requirements are needed for solar energy facilities: Decommissioning rules Disposal of equipment Chemical runoff abatement Differentiate utility-scale systems from systems that serve ap particular property, such as ai farm operation. BERKLEY GROUP Focus Group Compiled Results IPage 4 of4 4 APPENDIX B Public Workshop Results Franklin County Zoning Ordinance Update Public Workshops Compiled Results Franklin County AMsarory Small Group Exercise 1. Priorities: Identify the primary priorities and/or issues of concern regarding zoning and land use for the community (list 3-5i items in order ofi importance). Agriculture land use - do not change or lessen Maintain rural character/andscape IfA1 being subdivided, must be rezoned - no SUP Nor more private road subdivisions - or require to be built to state standards and maintained Reduce SUP requirements Manufactured home parks should not require an SUP The SUP process is not followed by the commission and board -1 they make decisions based on who shows up to speak. They don't consider the facts oft the case. BERKLEY GROUP Public Workshop Compiled Results Page 1 of4 Franklin County Zoning Ordinance Update Public Workshops Compiled Results Franklin County Ms-Opy 2. General: Consider the following areas of your community. Are you satisfied with the quality of development in these areas? Use the blank: spaces int the table below to explain why or why not. Satisfied (Y/N) Area deasPhonites/Conerns Proffers are sometimes extreme. Apartment buildings in Westlake look unfinished - mud/need Smaller lots and smaller square footage requirements. Short-term rentals by-right - covenants and restrictions. Residential neighborhoods No grass and plantings. Landscape - maintenance No Use of existing empty buildings Smaller lots allowed Commercial areas Industrial park - more development - need new businesses in the Industrial areas No county. Major roads/thoroughfares: Route 220 Major roads/thoroughfares: Routes 122&40 No House (specific address) looks like a junkyard. Other major roads Village areas Other: Scruggs Rd -t too many driveways being allowed. Should be condensed - smaller DGAS BERKLEY GROUP Public Workshop Compiled Results Page 2 of4 Franklin County Zoning Ordinance Update Public Workshops Compiled Results Franklin County AMsarory 3. Land Use: Review the list of potential land uses (below) that have been identified as focus areas for ordinance revisions. Please share your thoughts about these land uses in the space provided. Land Use Focus DGAS Yes Comments and Considerations Accessory dwellings (e.g., garage or basement apartment, granny flat) Short-Term Rentals (e.g., Airbnb, Small-scale agriculture in residential areas (e.g., chickens, bees, etc.) Mix of housing types (e.g., duplex, small apartment/condo building, townhomes, single houses) Clustered housing development (to preserve open space & consolidate Industrial size data centers Event Venue (e.g., weddings, festivals, concerts) Home occupations (home-based business with on-premises customers) For caretakers, etc. everywhere Not in all areas - causes discord in neighborhoods. Ifcontained - five acres per one horse VRBO) Yes Need patio homes Individual review - rezone at time of application if needed - no SUP infrastructure) No Business park Commercial entrance, adequate parking, consider Yes restrictions (noise and light). Restrict signage Yes Limit traffic Solar or wind energy facilities (small, medium, arge/utility-scale) Proper screening, not adding any traffic to roads, or cost to county. BERKLEY GROUP Public Workshop Compiled Results Page 3 of4 Franklin County Zoning Ordinance Update Public Workshops Compiled Results Franklin County AMsarory 4. Community Character & Design: Review the list of elements that affect the character, visual appeal, and/or impact of land use on the community. Consider how each element would applyi in Franklin County and provide any comments you have related to the topic. Character/Design Element Comments and Considerations Building height OK Signs (number, size, and type) Landscaping along roadways vehicles and other items No yard (commercial) signs, banners, low light (Digital) - throughout county. Maintenance (trim trees/limbs) Prohibiting outdoor storage ofi inoperable (ex. On 122) is a problem throughout county Screening and landscaping between land Individual basis uses (e.g., commercial next to residential) Screening for dumpsters, loading areas, electrical, and mechanical equipment Parking lot landscaping to provide shade Trees/shrubs - parking lots - add curb appeal and reduce stormwater runoff Minimum/maximum parking requirements Bicycle parking Fence style and height DEQ-stormwater OK Depends on what is being blocked/hidden. Lighting height and style to prevent light From distance can still see lights (even with downward, low trespass and preserve dark skies lights) in Westlake area. Additional Comments: Buildings should be similar in appearance/Color (ex: Ridgeview Bank in Westlake - hideous). BERKLEY GROUP Public Workshop Compiled Results Page 4 of4 APPENDIX C Community Survey Results Franklin County Zoning Ordinance Update Community Survey Q1 General: Which of the following best describes your association with Franklin County? (Select all that apply) Answered: 94 Skipped: 0 Ilive within the: zoned area ofthe County Ilive within the un-zoned area oft the County Iworkwithin County limits lowna business within County! limits lam ap property owner within County limits l'ama adeveloper/builder Other (please specify) 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES 59.57% 26.60% 28.72% 19.15% 55.32% 4.26% 2.13% Ilive within the: zoned area of the County Il live within the un-zoned area of the County Iwork within County limits lown ab business within County limits l'am ap property owner within County limits l'am a developer/builder Other (please specify) Total Respondents: 94 Other (please specify) 56 25 27 18 52 4 2 lam a planner witha a regional planning agency that assists the County. Rental property owner in county linits. 1/28 Franklin County Zoning Ordinance Update Community Survey Q2 General: Select your top zoning and land use priorities for the County: (Choose up to three) Answered: 91 Skipped: 3 Improving community appearance Encouraging industrial growth Encouraging new commercial businesses (retail, restaurants, etc.) Encouraging new housing development Encouraging agricultural industry growth Conserving sensitive environmental areas Protecting existing residential areas from other uses Protecting existing rural/agricultural! lands 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% ANSWER CHOICES Improving community appearance Encouraging industrial growth RESPONSES 28.57% 13.19% 46.15% 31.87% 23.08% 31.87% 31.87% 50.55% 26 12 42 29 21 29 29 46 Encouraging new commercial businesses (retail, restaurants, etc.) Encouraging new housing development Encouraging agricultural industry growth Conserving sensitive environmental areas Protecting existing residential areas from other uses Protecting existing rurallagricultural lands Total Respondents: 91 2/28 Franklin County Zoning Ordinance Update Community Survey Q3 General: Are you generally satisfied with the quality of development in the following areas throughout the County? (Check one for each) Answered: 94 Skipped: 0 Boones Mill- onlyt the area surrounding Burnt Chimney Rocky Mount only thea area surrounding Route 220 between Rocky Mount &E Boones Mill (Designaged Growth Area) Route 40 between Rocky Mount &F Penhook Route1 122 between Rocky Mount &E Burnt Chimney 3/28 Franklin County Zoning Ordinance Update Community Survey Smith Mountain Lake-area mmedateysurounding Union Hall (Designated Growth. Area) Westlake Hales-Ford (Designated Growth. Area) 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Satisfied Dissatisfied No Opinion SATISFIED DISSATISFIED NO OPINION TOTAL Boones Mill only the area surrounding 31.91% 30 50.00% 47 53.19% 50 39.36% 37 34.04% 32 46.81% 44 54.26% 51 31.91% 30 50.00% 47 25.53% 24 14.89% 14 15.96% 15 27.66% 26 22.34% 21 13.83% 13 28.72% 27 25.53% 24 24.47% 23 42.55% 40 35.11% 33 30.85% 29 32.98% 31 43.62% 41 39.36% 37 17.02% 16 42.55% 40 25.53% 24 94 94 94 94 94 94 94 94 94 Burnt Chimney Rocky Mount - only the area surrounding Route 220 between Rocky Mount & Boones Mill (Designated Growth Area) Route 40 between Rocky Mount & Penhook Route 122 between Rocky Mount & Burnt Chimney Smith Mountain Lake - area immediately surrounding Union Hall (Designated Growth Area) Westlake Hales-Ford (Designated Growth Area) 4/28 Franklin County Zoning Ordinance Update Community Survey Q4 If you answered Dissatisfied" for any of the areas in question 3, please check what aspects of development you are dissatisfied with. (Check all that apply) Answered: 63 Skipped: 31 Types of development (structures, parking, etc.) Types of land uses (businesses, housing, industries, etc.) Signage Not enough landscaping/aesthetics Unmaintained landscapingaestnetics; Bicycle/pedestrian, road safety Motorized vehicle traffic/road safety Other Please explain briefly: 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES 34.92% 55.56% 20.63% 31.75% 22.22% 20.63% 36.51% 14.29% 46.03% Types of development (structures, parking, etc.) Types of land uses (businesses, housing, industries, etc.) 22 35 13 20 14 13 23 9 29 Signage Not enough landscapngaestnetcs Unmaintained andscapingaestnetcs Bicycle/pedestrian road safety Motorized vehicle traffic/road safety Other Please explain briefly: Total Respondents: 63 5/28 Please explain briefly: in Unionk Hall and Rocky Mount. Don't want to see over- development Need more restaurants and grocery: storei inl Union Hall, more clothing stores in Rocky Mount, needt to build more housing Our DGA areas are a hodge podge of development: and uses. They look cluttered: and unattractive with multiple types of businesses, signs, and areas of unkempt parking or storage. To protect the value of properties int the DGA ar more cohesive approach should bet taken toi insure uses are compatible and owners use appropriate landscaping ands signage toi improve the appearance of commercial uses and businesses int the DGA. Traffic andy pedestrian safety should be addressed int these Only one option for groceries in Westlake area to satisfy all permanent residents. Too many similar, Mexican restaurants. more congested areas. Allow short-term rentals in widely zoned areas that aren'tzoned properly (A1) Need additional retail and resturants Lack of development Infrastruture Not enough development in Union! Hall/Penhook. Lack ofs small retail andr restaurants Looks run down along 220 Roads are very dangerous. Too many fatal accidents. Union! Hall needs ag grocery store, more restaurants Some gateway areas are very charming, others have glaring visual challenges Growth/progress is too slow to provide ai future for highs school students. Feel like the County is trying tot take Farml land to improve thei taxb base. Need sit down restaurants ini the area. Retails shopping, grocerys stores, etc... Theg growth at the lake has causedt traffic to be dangerous aroundi thel lake. diversity of businesses. quality of businesses. nothing is walkable traffic, increase in noise, light pollution, need to maintain rurals setting We need more local businesses and agritourism. completely unusable by cyclists Too much spending on business park setbacks from the main roads are not far enough. inner roads with parking should parallel roads like rt 40 and rt 220.1 this would also make new building lookr more "small town" "folksy" instead of ALL th parking being! behind new businesses, Ugly bldg (ex: Ridgeview), Westlake- apt. bldgs. too many, too concentrated,too close, low value housing, too much Ther road designs throughout the county, particularly the complete lack of adequate shoulders is dangerous to drivers and Thei industrial park could havel beeni filled with large business and jobs by now. The management of that park has beena joke. Stop taking away from the ruralness of Franklin county. Itr needs to preserve farm land. Wer need morei incentives to bring! businesses to Franklin County be open to STRI like other counties: surrounding FC Not enough development sucha as retail, restaurants the no rental on the Laake policy. Landscaping around signs needs to be gone or cut back for people to see signs. To many restrictions on R1 and RC1. Should There has beens some allowances for rentals at thel lake. One of the reasons we bought in Franklin County was because of 6/28 Franklin County Zoning Ordinance Update Community Survey Q5 Land Use: Regarding the following types of housing, do you think the County should allow more without special conditions (by-right), more with stricter conditions, or not at all? Please explain any specific concerns in the comment section. (Check one for each) Answered: 94 Skipped: 0 Detached single-unit dwellings Duplexes (two attached units on onel lot) Townhouses Apartments/ condominiums/ multi-unit dwellings 7/28 Franklin County Zoning Ordinance Update Community Survey Mixed-Use development with different housing types and uses ina development Mixed-Usel buildings with both aprments/condos and ffice/commercial int the same building Attached accessory dwelling units Detached: accessory dwelling units Manufactured homes 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% More by-right More by-right, but with stricter conditions Nota ata all No Opinion 8/28 Franklin County Zoning Ordinance Update Community Survey MORE MORE, BUT WITH BY- STRICTER RIGHT CONDITIONS 51.06% 48 39.36% 37 35.11% 33 26.60% 25 24.47% 23 26.60% 25 51.06% 48 48.94% 46 31.91% 30 NOT NO AT OPINION ALL 27.66% 7.45% 13.83% 26 7 13 31.91% 15.96% 12.77% 30 15 12 32.98% 20.21% 11.70% 31 19 11 38.30% 24.47% 10.64% 36 23 10 39.36% 25.53% 10.64% 37 24 10 31.91% 28.72% 12.77% 30 27 12 28.72% 8.51% 11.70% 27 8 11 31.91% 9.57% 9.57% 30 9 9 30.85% 14.89% 22.34% 29 14 21 TOTAL WEIGHTED AVERAGE Detached single-unit dwellings (individual Duplexes (two attached units on one lot) Townhouses (two orr more attached units on Aparments/condomindomintums/mull-unt dwellings Mixed-Use development with different housing types and uses in a development Mixed-Use buildings with both apartments/condos and office/commercial in the same building Attached accessory dwelling units (.e., basement apartment, in-law suites) Detached accessory dwelling units (located in separate outbuilding or garage) Manufactured homes Comments homes on al lot) 94 94 94 94 94 94 94 94 94 2.84 3.02 3.09 3.19 3.22 3.28 2.81 2.80 3.28 separate lots) No apts. like behind CVS in Westlake looksl lowi income. Ithink zoning needst to address where theset types of dwellings belong by-right. More regulation ofl land disturbance with penalties for non compliance; developer payments toi improve Dense residential growth that protects naturala areas ande existing agricultural properties isa a goodt thing, if to get peoplet to STAYi inc our communities we need to! helpy withs supplemental income, even al little. In-law It's none oft the county's concern what county residents do orl how they uset their own property. PERIOD Majority oft the county falls undert the poverty guidelines for Virginia. Stricter regulations add barriers to what can! be considered: al homef for many, ultimately worsening! homelessness throughout our county. Allow, people to do whatt theyr need tos survive, asl longa asi it'sr not! hurting or effecting anyone else ("hurting" property values doesn't actually count asi inflicting harm.) We also need tof focus on protecting Franklin County'snaturalr resourcest from excessive development: asr majority of our economic growth has! historically beeni int tourism andi recreation. Catering to developers while ignoringt this aspect will ultimately harm Itisr not the counties responsibility to tell owners what they can ando can't do ont their property roadi infrastructure; surrounding roadr networks can support it. apartment, officet tor renti inal home, smallb business int the rear yard, etc. Too many campers are! being used asf fullt time housing. END OF STORY Franklin County'sbudget. Need patio! homes. Entire County needst to bez zoned. More varied housing isr neededi inc certain areas oft the County. Dor nott turni into Florida California or any oft the other greed Multi-family: structures: should bea allowed upt to a point where water: sources and wastewater becomea problem. This applies tor manufactured homes (or trailer parks) wherer multiplet families use limiteda abilityt to source water ont the land or discharge waste. Thisi isr not to say they cannot bec developed, only they will requires supervision to avoid abuses that couldh harm surrounding! landowners. Peoples should be ablet to do whatever they want with their private property. I'm content with the amount of by rights single family dwellings and manufactured homes; No more mobile homes. Therea arer not! keep upa ata allt through outt the county. Under pinning is not intact More STRI nor restrictions. No SUP process safety problems ande emptyf fory years. 9/28 Franklin County Zoning Ordinance Update Community Survey Q6 Land Use: Regarding the following types of non-residential uses, do you think the County should allow more without special conditions (by- right), more with stricter conditions, or not at all? Please explain any specific concerns in the comment section. (Check one for each) Answered: 94 Skipped: 0 Commercial development- small Commercial development- large/big! box Auto-related uses Hotels 10/ 28 Franklin County Zoning Ordinance Update Community Survey Restaurants Food trucks Outdoor recreation Outdoor tourism Industrial development 11/28 Franklin County Zoning Ordinance Update Community Survey Data centers Agricultural industry large-scale Agricultural industry small-scale Community services Home occupations without onsite customersyemployees Homec occupations with onsite customersyemployees 12/28 Franklin County Zoning Ordinance Update Community Survey Solar, Small-scale residential Solar, Medium-scale commercial ori industrial Solar, Utility-scale residential, commercial, ori industrial 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% More by-rig.. More, but W... Not at all No Opinion 13/28 Franklin County Zoning Ordinance Update Community Survey MORE MORE, BUT BY- RIGHT CONDITIONS 48 19.35% 18 23.66% 22 27.17% 25 52.13% 49 51.65% 47 73.40% 69 48.39% 45 22.34% 21 19.15% 18 24 72.34% 68 52.69% 49 56.38% 53 27 55 34.04% 32 18.28% 17 NOT NO OPINION ALL 31.18% 5.38% 11.83% 29 5 11 45.16% 26.88% 8.60% 42 25 8 46.24% 13.98% 16.13% 43 13 15 50.00% 11.96% 10.87% 46 11 10 37.23% 2.13% 8.51% 35 2 8 20.88% 9.89% 17.58% 19 9 16 13.83% 6.38% 6.38% 13 6 6 35.48% 9.68% 6.45% 33 9 6 52.13% 17.02% 8.51% 49 16 8 45.74% 23.40% 11.70% 43 22 11 39.78% 15.05% 19.35% 37 14 18 15.96% 2.13% 9.57% 15 2 9 25.81% 6.45% 15.05% 24 6 14 18.09% 4.26% 21.28% 17 4 20 37.23% 10.64% 23.40% 35 10 22 27.66% 5.32% 8.51% 26 5 8 40.43% 19.15% 6.38% 38 18 6 40.86% 34.41% 6.45% 38 32 6 TOTAL WEIGHTED AVERAGE WITH STRICTER AT Commercial development - small (.e., boutique retail 51.61% store, fitness studio, etc.) Commercial development- - large/big box (.e., Target, Wal-Mart, etc.) Auto-related uses (.e., sales/service) 93 93 93 92 94 91 94 93 94 94 93 94 93 94 94 94 94 93 2.77 3.25 3.23 3.07 2.67 2.93 2.46 2.74 3.12 3.28 3.28 2.49 2.84 2.90 3.29 2.64 2.98 3.29 Hotels Restaurants Food trucks Outdoor recreation (.e., parks, trails, etc.) Outdoor tourism (i.e., campgrounds, event venues, etc.) Industrial development storage building) Data centers (industrial scale computer systems Agricultural industry large-scale (.e., feed lots, etc.) 25.81% Agricultural industry small-scale (i.e., farmers market, farm stores, agritourism, etc.) Community services (.e., clinics, hospitals, social services, libraries, etc.) Home occupations without onsite customers/empoyees Home occupations with onsite customers/empoyees 28.72% Solar, Small-scale residential (i.e., roof-mounted or 58.51% Solar, Medium-scale commercial ori industrial (.e., roof-mounted or generally 2t to: 3 acres to supplement Solar, Utility-scale residential, commercial, or industrial (.e., generally larger than 3 acres and used to provide electricity to a utility company) less than 1acre) power onsite) 14/28 Comments The problem isn't space for new shops it's the aging population that does not support Iti is difficult to answer question 5 and 6 without knowing the current restrictions. lam in favor of zoning regulations that allow uses in certain zones by-right. The most restrictive zonesi in my opinion should be for residential which is incompatible with many of the industrial or commercial uses listed about. Residential areas In my line ofwork, llargely deal with local policy focused on large/utility scale solar. Ibelieve that the current regulations in Franklin County support the development of solar in the county, and that the current ordinance language regarding solar development provides a path forward. However, do believe that arbitrary acreage caps do pose a threat to local siting control and should be removed from the zoning ordinance. Would love to see Union Hall developed with cohesive esthetic. Landscaping is important and DGAS should be protected from incompatible uses. Less restrictions more county income Protect homeowners from solar companies that immediately sell to overseas companies who do not respect Franklin county needs to remove any and all restrictions on short term rentals. The Bedford county side of the lake enjoys many tourism dollars that Franklin county ignores and denies due to its restrictions. Again it's none Lots to unpack here in one question. Solar: ifi it doesn't benefit the community it's being installed in, it shouldn't be approved. Helping al large business on the other side of the state reduce their energy burden while removing agricultural land from our communities is simply another way of selling Appalachian resources to the highest bidder. There should bel less restrictions on small scale solar and more encouragement fort folks to use it- whether that's lessening the tax burden on1 those who install and use it or encouraging communities to install community-size grids via grants and infrastructure money. Appalachian power is holding out area for ransom at this point with energy costs constantly rising. Agriculture needs to bet focused on supporting smaller scale family owned farms. As climate impact worsens having locally supplied food will be imperative for ensuring strong communities throughout the county. Turning the bulk of ag land into residential development will greatly harm our county long term. To that point, it's better to turn a limited amount ofa already cleared agricultural land into new housing when NECESSARY verses destroying our local natural areas for development. And we absolutely should be leaning into and investing in the preservation of our natural resources as ai focus of our economic Iti is not the counties responsibility to tell land owners what they can and can't do on their property Any activity that would increase traffic could cause problems for surrounding areas (noise, dust, odors, ) and should bet thoughtfully planned out. Iwould also consider solar parking lot pergolas part oft the small to medium- scale projects might need some regulation to the structure's construction (aka height requiments, wind load, the original intent of use and contracts made with property owners Should not disrupt residential areas, whether one home or multiple. ofy your concern what we home owners do with or on our property. growth. Why is there no option for' "It think it'sj just fine as-is"? snow load, etc...), but should be encouraged. Private property and free enterprise. Let the people do what they want. Stay out ofi it. 15/28 Franklin County Zoning Ordinance Update Community Survey Q7 Community Character: Within the County's Designated Growth Areas/Villages (220 North Corridor, Union Hall, Westlake, Hales Ford) what three things contribute most to creating an inviting Village community? (Select up to 3) Answered: 92 Skipped: 2 High quality building materials: and design Trees and landscaping that provide shade and color Consistent or compatible building scale, size, & height Amixof housingtypes Lighting that ensures safety but prevents light pollution Reduced sign clutter Sidewalks/bike lanes 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES 41.30% 68.48% 36.96% 29.35% 31.52% 32.61% 31.52% High quality building materials and design Trees and landscaping that provide shade and color Consistent or compatible building scale, size, and! height Lighting that ensures safety but prevents light pollution 38 63 34 27 29 30 29 A mix of housing types Reduced sign clutter Sidewalks/bike lanes Total Respondents: 92 16/28 Other (please specify) Consistent buildings, appropriate lighting and reduced sign clutter are also important. Less restrictions not more Lighting is also important to creating an inviting community Ridgeview Bank at Westlake is an eye sore. None of these should be required AFFORDABILITY The county should have no say outside of safety considerations Prevent businesses from placing advertising signs on public property at intersections (ie. Tree service, Internet, Pressure washing, etc.) 17/28 Franklin County Zoning Ordinance Update Community Survey Q8 Community Character: Would you agree or disagree with the following statements? (Check one for each) Answered: 94 Skipped: 0 New housing development should be clusteredi to preserve opens space. Landscaping (trees, shrubs, etc.) and screening (fences, walls, etc.)s should be provided between commercial/ industria/agricutural uses and residential uses to create al buffer. Landscaping should be provided along the fronts ofc commerca/industial buildings. Trees should ber required on business andi industrial properties to soften the character of development and protect environmental resources. Trees should be required for new residential developments tos soften the character of development and protect environmental resources. Dumpsters, loading areas, and electrica/mechanical equipment should be screened from off-site views. 18/28 Franklin County Zoning Ordinance Update Community Survey Parking lots should have trees to provide shade and reduce stormwater runoff. Parkingl lots should be shared by moret than one use, to reduce number of lots. Parking lots should have landscaping islands throughout the lot. Certain developments (e.g., multi-family, shopping centers) should have bicycle parking. Lighting should! be required, and height should be restrictedi in commercial and industrial areast to prevent light trespass and preserve dark skies. Signage should bel limited ins size and number of signs top prevent sign clutter. Signage should not be allowed to obscure windows. 19/28 Franklin County Zoning Ordinance Update Community Survey Signage should be allowed off-site (onp property other than where the business is located). 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Agree Disagree No Opinion AGREE DISAGREE NO TOTAL WEIGHTED AVERAGE 93 1.60 94 1.21 94 1.32 94 1.29 94 1.28 94 1.24 94 1.29 94 1.39 94 1.59 94 1.87 94 1.24 94 1.12 93 1.63 94 1.83 OPINION 25.81% 17.20% 24 16 10.64% 5.32% 10 5 6.38% 12.77% 6 12 9.57% 9.57% 9 9 10.64% 8.51% 10 8 7.45% 8.51% 7 8 9.57% 9.57% 9 9 5.32% 17.02% 5 16 13.83% 22.34% 13 21 21.28% 32.98% 20 31 7.45% 8.51% 7 8 3.19% 4.26% 3 4 13.98% 24.73% 13 23 29.79% 26.60% 28 25 New housing development should be clustered to preserve open Landscaping (trees, shrubs, etc.) ands screening (fences, walls, etc.) should be provided between commercial/industral/agricutural uses and residential uses to create al buffer. Landscaping should be provided along the fronts of commercialindustrial buildings. Trees should be required on business and industrial properties to soften the character of development and protect environmental Trees should be required for new residential developments to soften the character of development and protect environmental resources. Dumpsters, loading areas, and lectnca/mechanical equipment should 84.04% Parking lots should have trees to provide shade and reduce Parking lots should be shared by more than one use, to reduce Parking lots should have landscaping islands throughout the lot. Certain developments (e.g., multi-family, shopping centers) should Lighting should be required, and height should be restricted in commercial andi industrial districts to prevent light trespass and 56.99% 53 84.04% 79 80.85% 76 80.85% 76 80.85% 76 79 80.85% 76 77.66% 73 63.83% 60 45.74% 43 84.04% 79 87 61.29% 57 43.62% 41 space. resources. be screened from off-site views. stormwater runoff. number of lots. have bicycle parking. preserve dark skies. clutter. Signage should be limited ins size and number of signs to prevent sign 92.55% Signage should not be allowed to obscure windows. Signage should be allowed off-site (on property other than where the business is located). 20/28 Franklin County Zoning Ordinance Update Community Survey Q9 If you have any additional comments or suggestions about the Zoning Ordinance please briefly explain below. Answered: 14 Skipped: 80 Open-Ended Response Would prefer no special permits for short-term rentals where houses are: zonedi in A1 (which seems to be a catchall zoningf fora anything not otherwise defined). Allowing STR's by special permit for sporadically: zoned A1 houses aroundi thel lake (especially when these houses form neighborhoods and shouldn't be zoned A1 int thei first place) is badi management andi regardless of what the planning You cant impose al bunch of expensive regulations ande expect small businesses andi individuals to investi int the county. You price them out. Enabling less restrictions and building costs always lower Thanksi for asking! Wel have al beautiful community both aesthetically with thel lake, mountains and farms and socially, with good people. Careful planning as these areas grow could better reflect just Strong incentives should be offered to developers to develop int targeted growth areas ift they aren't Don't build apartments or houses where communities wantt to put parks. Franklin countyi is made up of little communities that should each! have parks and park areas with trails picnic tables and Franklin County has historically courted developers, with at focus on' "growth" that removes some of the most important aspects of Franklin County's rural character. It would be amazing ift the focus of our: zoning ordinances be updated to reflect the very realf future we face with climate impacts. After Helene, we now knowt that even areas previously considered safei from climate crisis, are truly not.I know Franklin County doesn't like to put restrictions on development for big businesses and corporations buti focusing on wayst to reduce storm water runoff, maintain trees andi riparian buffers, andi implement more "sponge city" type ofr requirements forr new builds would greatly help us weather the upcoming changes wei face. Itruly hope whoeveri is making these choices for our county isl looking ahead and thinking about what ther next! 50 years looks like with cleare eyes and a concern for their own children's futures herei in Franklin County. No amount ofe economic benefit from industrial development is going to matter int ther middle of an historic drought or flood thati is only Ithink opportunities fora a farming/ /residential development would! be nice. Where they are CO exist, then at thet front of the development youl have af farmers market, little coffee sandwich shop. Its should bet the land owners discretion on landscaping andy visual aspects Entire County needs tol be zoned. Supervisors in unzoned areas should not be voting on issues in No short term rentals. No year-round political signage. These should only be allowed during the By clustering new housing development do you exclude mix-use, also I'm not sure what your mean by opens space (vague term)? Busines/industra/New Residences should havel Landscaping (which could include trees, shrubs, and other plants depending upont the: scale of land use, tos soften the character). Sharing Parking lotsi isr not always feasible, however should the access to multiple lots cause problems commission says- it does become a detriment toi that neighborhood. income citizens to possibly participate ing growing county. how special iti is. already. Fee credits, infrastructure reimbursement, etc. commercial building height should be restricted within 5001 ft ofa any road. playground equipment. Likei int ferrum worsened by excessive areas of development. zoned areas. election period. with traffici flows sharede entrance/exit easements should be considered. Better enforcement in R1S STR! !!! 21/28 Q10. Personal contact information is kept confidential. 22/28 Franklin County Zoning Ordinance Update Community Survey Q11 Do you think the County's short-term rental policies are too restrictive or not restrictive enough? Answered: 86 Skipped: 8 Too restrictive Not restrictive enough 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% ANSWER CHOICES Too restrictive Not restrictive enough TOTAL RESPONSES 60.47% 39.53% 52 34 86 Franklin County Zoning Ordinance Update Community Survey Q12 In addition to those already in place, which type of additional regulation would you support for short-term rentals? (Select all that apply) Answered: 88 Skipped: 6 On-site property owner orr management Nor regulations; Ido not support short-term rentals inF Franklin County No additional regulations; Ithinkt they are sufficient asis Other (please specify) 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES 22.73% 0.00% 20.45% 34.09% 22.73% On-site property owner or management No regulations; I do not support short-term rentals Idor not support short-term rentals in Franklin County. No additional regulations; I think they are: sufficient as is 20 0 18 30 20 88 Other (please specify) TOTAL 21/23 Other (please specify) Ifneighborhoods are correctly: zoned as R-1 rather than A-1, I believe the current policies are adequate. Developers should be required to zone appropriately when they subdivide for neighborhoods and we need to go back and give A-1 neighborhoods the option to change their zoning. Limit the amount ofi its so lake doesn't get overcrowdedi ins season recommend administrative approval authority for all short term rental applications. Ifp people want to rent their homes this should be their business. short term rentals are not allowed in my neighborhood Include a requirement for carbon monoxide detectors. restrictions on individual homeowners. its should be upt to the property owner Less regulation The restrictions are absolutely ridiculous and unacceptable. There should be ZERO RESTRICTIONS While there arei issues with short term rentals due to theiri impact on the local housing supply, favor less On site should bei for any larger operation to ensure quality, safety and security to surrounding areas.. Any Motel, Hotel or Camping, recreational facilities. Smaller single family home air b & b'sa management company needs to Should allow Air BNB be within a certain radius to accommodate needs. no short term rentals None Reduce regulation No regulation. Let the market sort it out. Too many regulations already. Potentially by-right in other zoning (like A-1 zoned areas) Punitive damages for violations to the responsible parties. STR: should be handled by planning office. Restrictions lifted and opened to all: zones Franklin County Zoning Ordinance Update Community Survey Q13 Regarding short-term rentals, what are you most concerned about? (Select all that apply) Answered: 90 Skipped: 4 Excessive Noise Parties Parking outside of designated parking areas Damaget to my property Litter or trash not being collected. Crime Fire& emergency safety Ihaveno concerns Other (please specify) 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% ANSWER CHOICES Excessive Noise Parties RESPONSES 53.33% 42.22% 36.67% 36.67% 54.44% 35.56% 23.33% 28.89% 11.11% 48 38 33 33 49 32 21 26 10 Parking outside of designated parking areas Damage to my property Litter or trash not being collected Fire & emergency safety Ihave no concerns Other (please specify) Total Respondents: 90 Crime 22/23 Other (please specify) Transient occupants are NOT neighbors. People move to neighborhoods for a sense of safety and community. When different people arrive each week to party and have a vacation, they are not adding to that sense of safety or community. Our residents pay more taxes than we will ever collect in STR revenue. Ido not include absent owners as residents. They are looking to profit or supplement their income. Thisi isa al business transaction and: should be treated as such. In regard to question 14,lsupportzoning regulated STR. Water/Boat safety from additional un-experienced boaters high travel use on our private road Could mandate quiet hours for short term rentals. Sewer People need to mind their own business and worry about what's going on, on their own Also have concerns for existing residents who struggle to find affordable housing. When investors purchase properties in an already low developed affordable market. Already seeing this issue happening now before the recreational area has officially opened. So I'm property. Itis NO ONE's business what folks use their property for. Lack of management and the vetting of the renters very concerned. 399 Royal estates homes owned by corporations strictly for rental purposes. Franklin County Zoning Ordinance Update Community Survey Q14 In which zoning districts do you support short-term rentals? (Select all that apply) Answered: 92 Skipped: 2 Low Density Residential Neignborhoods High Density Residential Neignborhoods Agricultural Areas Business & Commercial. Areas AlL districts None No Opinion 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES 32.61% 26.09% 23.91% 31.52% 39.13% 18.48% 6.52% Low Density Residential Neighbornoods High Density Residential Neighbornoods Agricultural Areas Business & Commercial All districts None No Opinion Total Respondents: 92 30 24 22 29 36 17 6 23/23 APPENDIXB Franklin County Housing Assessment BERKLEY GROUP Franklin County ANatural Setting for Opportumity Franklin County Housing Assessment Table of Contents Introduction Methodology 1 Assessment Area Development Scenario Buildability Testing Key Findings 12 17 .32 .33 35 Recommendations Conclusion Abbreviations The following abbreviations are used int this report: ADA Americans with Disabilities Act ADU Accessory Dwelling Unit DGA Designated Growth Area EMS Emergency Management Services EPA Environmental Protection. Agency RVARC Roanoke Valley Area Regional Commission SML Smith Mountain Lake U.S. United States VDH Virginia Department of Health VDOT Virginia Department of Transportation WPPDC West Piedmont Planning District Commission WVWA Western Virginia Water Authority ROW Right of Way Franklin County Housing Assessment Introduction Franklin County has identified a need to increase both the supply and variety of housing options fori its community. Toa address these needs, the Franklin County Housing Assessment was conducted to identify barriers in regulations, permitting, and costs that limit the availability and development of the most desirable housing types. Berkley Group, a Virginia based local government consulting firm, conducted an in-depth analysis of the County's plans, policies, and regional housing studies, and engaged stakeholders to gather input. Additionally, the County provided ac conceptual development scenario, supported by the County's plans and policies, to assess its feasibility under the current 2024 regulatory framework. The findings from this assessment highlight existing barriers to realizing the development scenario int the County's Designated Growth Areas (DGAS) and provides recommendations to remedy those barriers and equipi the County for expansion of housing variety and availability. This report is organized in thet following sections: 1. Methodology 2. Assessment Area 3. Development Scenario 4. Buildability Testing 5. Key Findings 6. Recommendations and Conclusion The conceptual development scenario focuses on the Union Hall area, as presented ini the Union Hall Village Plan. This area has been prioritized for new housing development as evidenced byi its DGA status and its incorporation into the Franklin County Comprehensive Plan on. January 16, 2024. The Union Hall Village Plan wasi formed through robust community engagement. It represents a shared vision for sustainable growth in the community. This housing "The result is a vision for the Village of Union Hall that aims to foster a balanced, small- scale rural village, anchored by the community's bucolic and rural lands.' " assessment is guided by the vision of that Plan: Franklin County Housing Assessment Section 1. Methodology The following methodology was used to assess housing barriers in Franklin County andi to produce the recommendations made int this report: Data Collection and Analysis The following plans were researched: Union Hall Village Plan, 2024 Countywide Housing Study, Roanoke Valley- Alleghany Regional Commission, 2020 West Piedmont Planning District Commission Franklin County 2025 Comprehensive Plan, 2007 Data Collection & Analysis Research Conceptual Development Scenario Buildability Testing Housing Study, 2024 Key Findings & Recommendations Stakeholder Engagement The stakeholder engagement process included Focus Group meetings and consultations with Franklin County staff, Planning Commission, and Board of Supervisors. This process provided crucial data, perspectives, professional knowledge, and observations regarding existing and desired housing development in the County. The County hosted four roundtable Focus Group discussions. Conversations focused on constraints to housing development; housing inventory conditions; housing needs, trends, and demand; transportation and utility infrastructure; County permitting and review processes; and zoning and subdivision regulations. Focus Group notes are provided in Appendix A, Public Franklin County, Virginia Union HallVillage Plan Adoptedjanuaryt 16,2024. Focus Groups Franklin Engagement Summary. Focus Group participants included: Affordable Condo Association, Incorporated; Franklin County Directors and Staff: Planning, Zoning, Economic Development, Building Official, Development Services, Fire Marshal; and, Water, Sewer, Septic: Western Virginia Water Authority (WVWA), Virginia Department of Health Experts in the housing development industry: contractors, developers, surveyors, engineers, realtors, bankers, and attorneys; Experts from housing affordability and community groups: WPPDC (West Piedmont Planning District Commission), STEP, Incorporated (Solutions That Empower People), SERCAP, Incorporated (Southeast Rural Community Assistance Project), Habitat for Humanity, Promised Land Homes, AWRE, LLC, and (VDH). Page 2 of36 Franklin County Housing Assessment Regulatory Review and Analysis To determine barriers to new housing development, a thorough review and analysis of the regulatory framework was conducted using a conceptual development scenario as a test case. Calculations were conducted to estimate permitting costs and infrastructure needs. The following reviews were conducted: Regulations from peer localities; Recent developments in Franklin County; County zoning regulations; County permitting fees and procedures; Other regulatory barriers; and Infrastructure barriers. Conceptual Development Scenario Selection To craft a conceptual development within the Union Hall area, consultations were conducted with Franklin County Administration and staff from the office of Planning and Community Development. These discussions established key criteria for scenario selection, incorporating goals and strategies from the Union Hall Village Plan and Future Land Use Map, alongside current zoning standards and existing infrastructure. The housing types proposed int the development scenario align with priorities in the researched plans and are: supported by stakeholder input. The County provided specific parameters for density, housing types, and number of units based on ideal scenarios as guided by the Comprehensive Plan and Union Village Plan, rather than the constraints of existing regulations. For example, the Village Plan envisions mixed-use buildings on Route 40 with mixed residential neighborhoods placed behind them. Additionally, insights from previous development applications and inquiries from developers were used toi inform the development parameters. Comparisons between the Village Plan and existing zoning district standards, along with public engagement feedback, were used to finalize density and unit numbers. The chosen acreage and conceptual development werei intentionally scoped tol be large enough to reveal potential regulatory, procedural, and practical barriers to development. Franklin County Housing Assessment Buildability Testing of the Conceptual Development The following methodology was applied to reveal barriers and challenges to development of the conceptual The buildability testing process applied real-world conditions and current County regulations and procedures to the proposed development scenario to determine thei feasibility of building the scenario in the present day: development scenario: 1. Regulatory Testing: The proposed land uses, density, and building types were evaluated against the County's Zoning Ordinance, including district purposes, permitted uses, and design, density, and dimensional standards. Potential conflicts, inconsistencies, and limitations within the ordinance were documented. Building and fire codes were analyzed to determine their potential impacts on the conceptual scenario. The County's permitting processes and associated fees were applied to the conceptual scenario to simulate a developer's experience. This included estimating fees and assessing thei timeframes, procedural steps, and administrative requirements for various development approvals. Peer locality comparisons were conducted to ascertain resemblances or differences between Franklin Franklin County's processes were examined for best practices toi identify areas for improvement. Existing utility infrastructure was assessed and necessary water and sewer capacity for the proposed development was estimated to determine whether it could be supported by existing infrastructure. Public water and sewer fees for the conceptual development were estimated and compared to peer Traffic increase oft the development scenario was estimated to identify constraints of the existing Potential environmental challenges such as topography, floodplain or waterway impacts, and soil 2. Development Processes: County's processes and fees to that of its regional peers. 3. Infrastructure, Services, and Other Potential Challenges: localities. transportation infrastructure that might impact buildability. conditions were also considered. This testing process applied the conceptual development scenario as a practical case study to highlight barriers, inefficiencies, and conflict points in Franklin County's current regulatory framework, processes, and infrastructure. Key Findings and Recommendations Key findings were extrapolated from the assessment and buildability testing and used to formulate recommendations designed to prepare the County for new housing growth by reducing the barriers and potential conflicts to development. Page 4 of 36 Franklin County Housing Assessment Section 2. Assessment Area Union Hall Union Hall, as described and mapped in the Union Hall Village Plan, was chosen by Franklin County staff and administration to bet thei focus of this housing assessment following recent planningi initiatives (see Map A). As stated int the Plan, "Union Hall has become an important crossroads of the County for both residents and visitors. As Union Hall ist the midway point between Glade Hill and Penhook it is positioned to conveniently serve as a Village for these three communities, and County-wide residents and visitors as well - particularly those visiting the southern portion of Smith Mountain Lake." The Union Hall Village Plan was adopted and incorporated into the Franklin County Comprehensive Plan and named a Designated Growth Area (DGA) on. January 16, 2024. The Village Plan was developed through a process of community meetings and surveys, and consultations with County staff, the Board of Supervisors, Planning Commission, property owners, and residents. For these reasons Union Hall is considered a likely and desirable area for housing growth. Map A. Union Hall Village Plan Map 11. Village of Union Hall DGA. FORKI RD: Page 5 of36 Franklin County Housing Assessment Union Hall Village Plan Challenges and Opportunities The Village Plan highlights several challenges and opportunities that will impact thet feasibility of, and timing for, developing the robust mix of housing and other land uses envisioned by the Plan. Defined Growth Areas The Union Hall DGA is authorized by Code of Virginia $15.2-2223.1 to designate the defined growth area. These designations have several benefits, including the promotion of lansportaton-ericent land use and land development patterns to help reduce the impact of growth ont thet transportation networks and to encourage pedestrian-trendly mixed-use communities that attract development and encourage local economic growth. The Code of Virginia requires that designated DGAS in- corporate principles of traditional neighborhood design, which may include, but need not be limited to: Pedestrian-friendly road design; Interconnection of new local streets with existing local Connectivity of road and pedestrian networks; Preservation of natural areas; Mixed-use neignborhoods, including mixed housing types, with affordable housing to meet the projected family income distributions of future residential Reduction of front and side yard building setbacks; Reduction of street widths andi turning radii at subdivision street intersections to calm traffic on local streets, as permissible by' VDOT standards. Challenges Public Water and Sewer One of the key challenges highlighted in the Plan is the lack of adequate public water and sewer service needed to meet the strategies of the Plan. The area is currently served by individual wells or private water systems and septic systems. While a public water project is currently underway, public sewer service for this area is only ini the study phase, with no projected The Western Virginia Water Authority's (WVWA) Southlake Water System project is designed to serve the Union Hall Village Center (see Map E). Construction of the water storage tank andi initial water main along Route 40 were completed in 2023. Construction of the water treatment building began inJuly 2023 and is expected to be completed by December 2024, with service expected in early 2025. The system is designed for expansion, with the long- range plan to connect with the main SML (Smith Mountain Lake) water system int the future. installation timeframe. streets and roads; growth; and, Franklin County Housing Assessment Southlake Water System Thei initial phase oft the Southlake Water System project consists oft thet following: Acquisition of land for a water storage tank and water treatment facilities; Construction of 200000galoncapaciy elevated water storage tank; Acquisition of 2 existing water wells; Construction of a Water Treatment Building and installation of water filtration equipment; Installation of piping to pump untreated water from existing off-site wells to the new Water Treatment Facility;and, Installation of a water distribution main along Old Franklin Turnpike (Route 40). Each well can deliver 33 gallons per minute of raw water to the treatment system. The Water Treatment System can provide up to 100,000 gallons of treated drinking water per day. Source: WVWA STUB-OUT FOR UTURE TENSION WATRIBLATMINTIAGAITY WWA AND STORAGE TANK RAW VIATER NE WVWA WATER FUTURE GEND CONSTRUCTION: 122024 FREHYDRANT FUTURE EXTENSIONS (ncooperation. Private-Develor nonel County VA, 2019Franklin County GIS,2020 esri Page 7 of36 Franklin County Housing Assessment Active Transportation Options The lack of active transportation infrastructure including crosswalks, sidewalks, designated bikeways, and multi-use paths is a challenge for Union Hall. For successful DGA development, requiring that these elements of traditional neighborhood design be built in conjunction with commercial, residential, transportation, and other infrastructure projects will bee essential to the progress and desired growth oft the Village. Public Services Opportunities Public Services Public services are important for a successful Village. At present no waste collection services exist in Union Hall. Several important community services are available in Union Hall including the Glade Hill Fire/EMS Station 4 and a U.S. Post Office. The Glade Hill facility, which opened in 2023, also serves as an emergency shelter and provides a community room. Additionally, over 87% of households have access to broadband (80%) or satellite internet service (79). Transportation Infrastructure local roads (see Map B). Transportation assets in Union Hall include a minor arterial (Route 40), a minor collector (Kemp Ford Road), and Mapl B. Union Hall Village Plan Map 7: Functional Classification. OH COraRNmel Major Collector Minor Arterial Minor Collector Local State Routes Local Private Roads Page 8 of36 Franklin County Housing Assessment Land Use The community's vision for Union Hall Village is a community-scale mix of shopping, services, and residential development - with a clearly defined boundary and ample surrounding landi for large-lot residential development andi farmland preservation. The future land use framework and map: support a mix of residential development int the Village (see Map C). Map C: Future Land Use Map 12 Union Hall Village Plan / FUTURE LAND USE DESIGNATIONS - TYPICAL LAND USES RURAL AREAS - Single-unit detached homes, cluster eecpnensyuD.Nsons LOW-DENSITY RESIDENTIAL AREAS = Single-unit detached homes, two-unit homes (duplexes), manufactured homes, ADUS. Cluster development encouraged. RESIDENTIAL MIXED-USE AREAS = Mixed housing types: single-unit detached and attached homes, duplexes, triplexes, and quadplexes, senior/assisted living facilities, manufactured homes, accessory dwelliing units (ADUS). small-scale apartments, ADUS. VILLAGE MIXED-USE - Duplexes, triplexes, and quadplexes, vertica/horizontal mixed-use, senior/assisted living facilities, small-scale apartments. Franklin County Housing Assessment Key Goals and Objectives of the Union Hall Village Plan GOAL 1: Promote a "village" style of development pattern in the Village of Union Hall. Strategy 1.3: Create and adopt a Village of Union Hall Overlay District that would provide zoning regulations that better accommodate "village" development.. zoning regulations should be created and/or revised to implement regulatory measures that would require certain elements that are found in "village" style GOAL 2: Establish and improve infrastructure to support future growth in and around the Village of Union Hall. The following strategies are toi increase infrastructure to supportfuture growth and residential developments. neignborhoods: Strategy 2.1: Engage with Western Virginia Water Authority (WVWA) to stay informed of plans and studies fori infrastructure expansion; additionally, seek partnerships with both WVWA and developers to provide increased water, and potentially wastewater, infrastructure access as development occurs in the Village of Union Hall. Frankling Strategy 2.2: Strategy 2.3: Increase broadband infrastructure. Work with the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) on road improvements and safety needs. Ensure that multimodal interconnectivity is considered during development - including pedestrian, bicycle, and vehicle connections and mobility. Revise zoning regulations to require pedestrian and vehicular connections at the time of new development including connector roads within developments, sidewalks and crosswalks, and multimodal paths. Strategy 2.5: Page 10 of36 Franklin County Housing Assessment GOAL 3: Provide a greater variety of house types and costs. Strategy 3.1: Create and adopt a Village of Union Hall Overlay District that would provide zoning regulations that better accommodate "village" development that includes residential development of various types and densities, as appropriate. As noted in the Future Land Use Framework, the Village of Union Hall should provide a variety of housing options for all residents. The policy framework provides land uses that have a gradual intensity as they are closer to the Village center. The Village Plan calls for areas ofs single-unit, low-density development, as requested by the community. It additionally provides for the ability to develop smaller neighborhoods or developments that offer not only single-unit housing on small lots, but also townhomes, duplexes, and housing types geared towards those aging-in-place. Any future regulation relative to residential development within the boundaries of the Village of Union Hall will not Strategy 3.2: Utilize the Franklin County Housing Study (RVARC, 2020), the WPPDC Regional Housing Study, and future housing studies, for guidance on mitigating known housing barriers and to capitalize on housing opportunities; review and amend Zoning Ordinance regulations to mitigate the identified barriers. Franklin County, and Union Hall, are not unique ini the housing challenges that they face. The County should seek partnerships and use studies and plans from regional, statewide, and national experts that affect the ability to develop large homes on large lots in the surrounding area. focus on housing reform that creates livable communities. loirdénsyresdentalonashoutincdesnye, amilydwellings ofvarious types, including detachedo dwellings and duplexes, both inmyriadsizes and/ lots sizes toc accommodate arangeo ofresidents. Trailview in Whitefish, MT (shown right) is a new development offering workforce housing, andv was designed top provide the most amountofhomes while preserving the rura/natured ofthea ared. Accessory dwelling units (ADU) are a way that communities can create more affordable housing options - including those for renters, the workforce, and those aging-in-place. Additionally, ADUS can generate income fort the property owner. ADUS can bej found withino a home, such as a basement; attached as an addition or over a garage; or detached as a standalone building thati is smaller than the primary home. III E STAND-ALONE PETACHEP APL GNRAGE DASEMENT ADW, ATTACHEP Abu Page 11 of36 Graphic sourced from the Union Hall Village Plan Franklin County Housing Assessment Section 3. Development Scenario Rationale and Selection of Preferred Development Types The: selection of development types for this assessment was guided by a combination ofi factors, including the County's long-term housing and growth objectives provided in the Union Hall Village Plan and market demand as provided by County staff and focus group input (see Appendix A). The Union Hall Village Plan future land use framework for Union Hall prescribes a mixed-use neighborhood along the central corridor of the Village, Old Franklin Turnpike (Route 40). The mixed-use areai is roughly surrounded by a somewhat concentric layout of mixed residential neignborhoods, which are: surrounded by low-density residential neighborhoods and rural areas (see Map D). Map D. Union Hall Village Future Land Use Village Mixed-Use Residential Mixed-Use Low Density Residential RurallAreas Page 12) of36 Franklin County Housing Assessment Identification of the Focus Area for Buildability Testing The data and information gleaned through research and stakeholder engagement pointed to the central area of Union Hall as the most likely area to begin developing aspects of the Village Plan. Goals and strategies from the Union Hall Village Plan and Future Land Use Map were considered together with current zoning standards and existing infrastructure. This area was further discussed with County staff, and it was determined that the Route 40 corridor from Berger Loop Road on the west side, to the area: surrounding thei intersection of Novelty Road and Route 40 on the east side, is the most feasible area to develop the initial core of Union Hall Village for several important reasons: The initial phase of the Southlake Water System project is slated to bei finished in 2024; the parcels along these roads are largely zoned for business and light industrial uses; future water line extensions are planned for this area (see Map E); several parcels with sufficient acreage in this location are undeveloped, including a large parcel that is zoned agas station/convenience store and post office are located at the intersection of Kemp Ford Road and Route PCD, Planned Commercial District; 40; and, several businesses are located near the intersection of Route 40 and Novelty Road. Developing a critical mass of business and residential activity in this focus area will create the village environment desired by the community while being a catalyst for the future build-out of the village if growth demands it. This central area of Union Hall is appropriate for mixed-use buildings and mixed-residential uses, as designated in the future land use framework of the Union Hall Village Plan. These designations provide the most appropriate uses for Map E: The Future Land Use Map overlayed with the Southlake Water System in the center of Union Hall. those areas. Water line under.çonstruction, Euturewater line extension esri Page 13 of36 Franklin County Housing Assessment Future Land Use Designations for the Vilagemxed-use.To create at true village center, vertical mixed-use buildings or horizontal mixed-use developments to include commercial, office, civic, and residential uses ini the same building, and/or in multiple buildings on the same parcel are situated on Old Franklin Turnpike/Route 40. Sidewalks, multi-use paths, and access roads (to limit entrances/exits onto Route 40) are added as development occurs. This mix creates a safe, walkable, and vibrant rural village. The uses serve both the immediate community as well as the surrounding county and region. Housing is attached, located above the first-floor non-residential uses, ori in separate multi-unit buildings, providing a range of affordability and sizes. Residential mixed-use neighborhoods include the following residential building types: single-unit houses, accessory dwelling units, two-, three-, andi four-unit buildings, and townhomes. Lot sizes are larger than the mixed-use area and smaller than the low-density neignborhoods. Creative neighborhood layouts that mix different unit types together on the same streets with pedestrian and bicycle infrastructure create a quality living environment for a variety ofi individuals, families, and income levels. Multimodal transportation infrastructure connects the neighborhoods toi the village core, avoiding cul-de-sac or dead-end streets and multiple driveways directly connected to main roads and Route 40. A percentage of units with ADA accommodations would provide for those who wish to "agei in place." The potential land use types for the focus area, as described in the future land use designations, are shown Focus Area inl Table 1. Page 14 of36 Franklin County Housing Assessment Table 1. Potential Land Uses Village Mixed-Use Potential Permitted Uses Residential Uses wplc/CwcRecreatona. Uses Communty/Cutural Center Education Facility, Primary, or Secondary Emergency Management Services Facility Public Parks and Recreation Noncommercial Recreation Facility, Neighborhood Recreation Facility Religious Assembly Commercial Uses Commercial Parking Lot Personal Improvement Services Personal Services Commercial Indoor Recreation/Entertainment General Restaurant Small Store Temporary Event Tradesperson Service Veterinary Hospital/Clinic Farmers Market Itinerant Vendor Mobile Food Vendor Dwelling, Accessory Dwelling, Manufactured Home Dwelling, Multi-Unit Dwelling, Single-Unit Dwelling, Two-Unit Dwelling, Townhouse Life Care Facility Public Use Automobile Service, Minor Business Support Services Consumer Repair Services Day Care Center Financial Institution Funeral Home Garden Center Hotel Commercial Kitchen Medical Treatment Facility General Office Medical Clinic/Office Seasona/lemporary Outdoor Sales Brewery, Distillery, or Micro-Winery Commercial Parking Structure Residential Mixed-Use Potential Permitted Uses Dwelling, Accessory Dwelling, Manufactured Home Dwelling, Multi-Unit Dwelling, Single-Unit Dwelling, Two-Unit Dwelling, Townhouse Life Care Facility Page 15 of36 Franklin County Housing Assessment Description of a Conceptual Development Scenario in the Focus Area In order to assess the likelihood of Union Hall Village being developed under the current regulatory structure a hypothetical development scenario located in Union Hall Village was conceived for buildability testing. The scenario was carefully chosen in collaboration with staff, includes a blend of uses, and meets the County's long-term goals established in the Union Hall Village Plan. The scenario assumes at total of 10,000 square feet of commercial space in mixed-use buildings, and a total of 100 residential units. Building height is capped at 351 feet to maintain the rural village character. The conceptual scenario encompasses 15.33 acres fronting on Route 40 in Union Hall Village. In keeping with the Union Hall Future Land Use Designations, the scenario includes the following housing types and commercial uses: Two mixed-use buildings each with approximately 5,000 square feet of commercial space on the ground floor One townhome development with 4 buildings each of 5 attached dwellings, totaling 20 dwellings; and 10 residential units on the upper floor(s); One condominium development with 20 dwellings; 20 single-unit detached dwellings (houses). 10 single-unit attached buildings (duplexes) totaling 20 dwellings; and, The next section examines multiple factors to determine the feasibility of the conceptual development scenario within Franklin County. Current images of the focus area showing existing commercial development and open land: Franklin County Housing Assessment Section 4. Buildability Testing The conceptual development scenario was assessed using buildability testing of Franklin County's Zoning Ordinance, permitting processes, and infrastructure including utilities and transportation, and other regulations, to identify barriers to development. As explained in Section 3 oft this report, the selected conceptual scenario is a development located on Route 40i in Union Hall Village andi includes the building types and approximate sizes and densities shown in Tables 2 and 3: Table 2. Conceptual Development Scenario: Building Standards Dwelling Units per Building 10(20) 5(20) 20 2(20) 1(20) 100 Commercial Number Space per Building 5,000sq.ft. N/A N/A N/A 10,000 sq. ft. Number of Buildings 2 4 1 10 20 37 Building Type Mixed-use Buildings Townhome Development Condominium Development Single-Unit Attached Single-Unit Detached Height 35 feet ofL Lots 2 20 1 10 20 53 Totals N/A Table 3. Conceptual Development Scenario: Density Standards Gross Square Commercial Use* 5,000 N/A N/A N/A N/A 10,000 Total Square Lots 57,935 57,935 87,120 174,240 290,110 14,505 667,340 Gross Square per Unit* 2,397 2,897 4,356 8,712 N/A Units per 15 15 10 5 3 Residential Uses Gross Acre Total Units Acreage Footage of Footage Footage per Mixed-Use Condominium Townhome Single-Unit Attached Single-Unit Detached Totals 20 20 20 20 20 100 1.33 1.33 2 4 6.66 15.33 *Includes total of outdoor and indoor space. Note: All figures are approximations. The following sections detail the barriers and conflict points associated with developing the scenario under current conditions and regulations. Page 17 of36 Franklin County Housing Assessment Zoning Ordinance Assessment Zoning Districts The Union Hall conceptual development area is currently zoned as a mix of B-2, General Business District; A-1, Agricultural District; and PCD, Planned Commercial District (see Map F). An RPD, Residential Planned Development, is provided in the: zoning ordinance and can be used in this area if property is rezoned to RPD. These four Districts were assessed for the feasibility of realizing the conceptual development scenario in the chosen general location of Union Hall Village shown on the Zoning Map below. Each of these districts includes various restrictions and requirements that affect the development's feasibility, including use permissions, design, density, and dimensional standards. Map F. Zoning Districts in the Heart of Union Hall. BBeGeneral Business Districe A1 Agricultural B2-General Busfness B2 General Distrcg Distign Bysiness B2-General Business District B25General: Business B2-Gencral Business District PCDePlanned District Commerclal Distict M1-light Industry B2-General Busfness Dustocg A1 AgNicultural ZONING DISTRICTS PCD- PLANNED COMMERCIAL DISTRICT B2-G GENERAL BUSINESS DISTRICT M1-LIGHT INDUSTRY A1-AGRICULTURAL Page 18 of36 Franklin County Housing Assessment Zoning Use Permissions The A-1 District allows mixed-use buildings only through a Special Use Permit (SUP), which is an additional approval process that adds time and cost to the development, as described later in this section. A-1 prohibits apartments, townhouses, triplexes and quadplexes, but permits single-family detached homes and Thel B-2 District permits a range and scale of commercial uses that would be nappropriate for a rural village, The PCD District allows mixed-use buildings by-right but requires SUPS fori the rest of the proposed housing The RPD District allows all oft the proposed housing types except for mixed-use and accessory dwellings. accessory dwelling units by-right. and only allows residential uses as part of a mixed-use building. types. Use permissions for the four assessed districts are shown in Table 4. Analysis oft the use permissions suggests that the A-1 and B-2 Districts would not accommodate the conceptual development, while the PCD and RPD also present challenges to the development. Additionally, al list of overly specific use types are generally permitted in the zoning districts, many of them undefined in the Ordinance. For example, the B-2 District permits the combination of homes and apartments with businesses," but the ordinance does not define this use or include any use standards for it. The large number of undefined uses is confusing and may unintentionally restrict use options. Table 4. Zoning District Use Permissions Dwelling Type Accessory Dwelling Unit Mixed-Use Building Apartments (multi-unit) Single-Unit, Detached Townhouses Triplex, Quadplex Two-Unit Dwelling/Duplex Neighborhood Commercial A-1 B SUP B B-2 B PCD B SUP SUP SUP SUP PCD B RPD B B B B B RPD SUP SUP A-1 Commercial B-2 B B=E By-right use, SUP = Use by Special Use Permit Page 19 of36 Franklin County Housing Assessment Zoning Density & Dimensional Standards Zoning district density and dimensional standards fort thei four assessed districts are shown in Table 5. The Union Hall Village Plan does not specify maximum height of buildings, but the graphics and language suggest two- or three- story buildings (351 feet or less). The maximum height of 40 feet in A-1, B-2, and RPD is taller than the 35-foot height envisioned int this assessment, and the 70-foot maximum in the PCD is certainly out of character with a rural village, however, these height maximums do not present a barrier to construction. Lot sizes and additional standards do not accommodate the conceptual development and would be al barrier to construction. The A-1 District minimum lot size and additional standards are appropriate for extremely low density, agricultural uses. The open space requirements inE B-2 and RPD Districts and minimum lot sizes ini the PCD District are too large to accommodate the density of the conceptual scenario. Table 5. Zoning District Density and Dimensional Standards Maximum Building Height 40 40 40 40ft.; can be 70ft.if District Minimum Lot Size (sq. ft.) 35,000 per single-unit home 43,560 per duplex- - only if parcel is 100 acres Subject to VDH approval 5c contiguous acres* Subject to VDH approval Additional Standards Second dwelling occupancy limited to immediate family or farm workers Open Space 10% of each lot Open space 50% of development A-1 Agricultural B-2 General Business RPD Residential Planned Unit Development PCD Planned Commercial Development increased to Residential uses: 26,250 setbacks are additional 10,000 per increased by 2 additional dwelling. ** ft. for every 50 contiguous acres* additional ft. in Subject to VDH approval for the first 2 dwellings; Maximum lot coverage: 75%; varies with uses height *Land may not be under water or within flowage easement. ** Development must front on a newly constructed road built to VDOT standards. Franklin County Housing Assessment Zoning district setback standards for thei four assessed districts are: shown in Table 6. Front setbacks are large, especially for the B-2 and PCD Districts, which unnecessarily restrict the placement of buildings, parking, and other features ont the site. To achieve the density of the conceptual development smaller setbacks would be necessary. Further, measurement parameters are unclear and complicated. The PCD is the only District that allows setback flexibility, but it may addi time to the concept plan and development process.* Table 6. Setback requirements by district Setback Secondary Roads A-1 60' from from ROW 55' from from ROW 10% of road frontage (min. 10', max. 12') 30' 12' B-2 60' from ROW 55' from from ROW none or 50' from any residential building or zone none or 50' from any residential building or zone RPD 60' from from ROW 55' from from ROW 10% of road frontage (min. 10, max. 12') PCD* 60'1 from from ROW 55' from from ROW none or 25' from any residential building or zone none or 25' from any residential building or zone centerline or 35' centerline or 35' centerline or 35' centerline or 35' Front Primary Roads centerline or 30' centerline or 30' centerline or 30' centerline or 30' Side Primary Structure Accessory Structure Rear 30' *According to Sec. 25-402. Of the Zoning Ordinance: The PCD district may provide flexibility through the adjustment of certain lot setbacks, design guidelines and use restrictions. Any such deviations to the lists of uses, or the regulations for area, height, setbacks, streets, off-street parking, utilities, or design guidelines of the PCD district shall be expressly shown on the concept plan and approved by the board of supervisors after a lawfully advertised public hearing with the planning commission and the board of supervisors. Such deviations shall be in keeping with the purpose of the PCD district, the intent of the Zoning Ordinance, the comprenensive plan and the design guidelines of the PCD district. Zoning Design Standards The zoning design standards shown in Table 7 are in some cases ambiguous, outdated, and not uniformly written. The: standards would likely cause confusion and addi time to the conceptual development process by necessitating determinations by the zoning administrator, and possible variances or appeals. For example, reasonably dispersed landscape islands" is too vague and subjective to be considered a standard. Further, to facilitate development and reduce costs and impacts on land and water, such as stormwater runoff, parking requirements should be reduced by allowing shared parking amongst mixed uses, fewer spaces per unit, etc. Page 21 of36 Franklin County Housing Assessment Table 7. Zoning Design Standards by Use Parking Requirements Single-Unit Multi-Unit Food stores Restaurants, cafes, or similar General retail 2 1.5 1p per 200 sq. ft. space 1 per 200 sq. ft. 50ft. 50ft. spaces 1 per 4 seats and 1 per 75 sq. ft. of unseated Required Landscaping Screening along a primary road Buffers adjacent to A-1 Districts 1small deciduous or evergreen tree per every 1small deciduous or evergreen tree per every 5% of surface parking area with more than 20 Reasonably dispersed landscape islands with 10 deciduous tree per landscaped island Maximum 0.5 footcandles 50ft. from the Parking lots minimum width of 6ft. Outdoor Lighting Type of Lighting Standards Street source Maximum height 35ft. Downcasting and full cut-off property lines Maximum height 35ft. Downcasting and full cut-off property lines Maximum height 80f ft. upward direction property lines Downcasting and full cut-off property lines property lines Downcasting and full cut-off Maximum 0.5 footcandles ati front/side/rear Site Maximum 0.5 footcandles at front/side/rear Shielded to preclude light trespass in an Maximum 0.5 footcandles at front/side/rear Maximum 0.25 footcandles at front/side/rear Maximum 0.25 footcandles at front/side/rear Upcasting lighting allowed if source is directed at building, structure, wall, or landscape feature Upcasting lighting allowed if source is shielded from view from streets and adjoining properties Upcasting lighting maximum output of0.25 footcandles 501 ft. from the source Playngsurface/ourdor recreation Building Sign Landscaping Page 22 20f36 Franklin County Housing Assessment Conclusion: Zoning Ordinance Barriers A-1Agricultural District The purpose of the A-1 District is to preserve agricultural and forestal lands and practices, and to conserve natural resources. Minimum lot sizes, additional standards, and setbacks make A-1 impractical and uneconomical for the intended scenario density. The purpose, along with the district standards that serve to support that vision make the district ill-suited for the conceptual development scenario. B-2 General Business District The purpose of the B-2 District is to provide locations for general business and commercial enterprises with direct and frequent access to the public, oriented to: serve the entire County or substantial portions thereof, rather than toward a neighborhood focus. Tot that purpose, the housing types proposed in the development scenario are not permitted in the B-2 District - making it impossible to provide the desired housing mix. RPD Residential Planned Unit Development District The purpose of the RPD District is to facilitate low-density development of large tracts of land with significant open space. While the district does allow most of the residential uses in the conceptual scenario, the district standards and setbacks support this low-density, open space vision, and therefore the District is not conducive to the conceptual development scenario. PCD Planned Commercial Development District The purpose oft the PCD District is to promote the efficient use of commercial land by allowing a wide range of land uses of various densities and recognizes that many commercial, office, and residential uses seek to develop within unified areas. PCD encourages flexibility through the adjustment of certain lot, setback, and use restrictions, and isi intended for areas with controlled access points, landscaped parking, and public utilities. PCD may allowi for clustering of uses and densities while also protecting surrounding property, natural features, and scenic beauty. The PCD permits the same commercial uses as the B-2 District, in addition to detached and attached single-unit homes and multi-unit dwellings. For these reasons, the PCD comes closest out of all the Districts to supporting the conceptual development. However, residential use limitations would make the development process very difficult and would not provide the variety of housing types desired. Further, the flexibility in height and density are attractive but they do noti fit the character of a rural village, and the process of rezoning to PCD in addition to obtaining multiple SUPS likely presents insurmountable barriers to development. LA ESTLAKE LIBRARY wee Franklin County Housing Assessment Current Process Assessment The permitting process fori the conceptual development scenario in Union Hall Village would begin with rezoning the property to a Planned Commercial District (PCD) to allow the density and use types envisioned. Franklin County requires the typical five-step process, dictated by Code of Virginia and according to best practices for a zoning map Step 1. PREAPPLICATION MEETING. A voluntary but recommended consultation with staff to review the request, identify specific information the applicant may need to submit, and discuss procedures and time frames. Time amendment. required for this step depends on scheduling between the necessary participants. Step 2. APPLICATION. Submittal of a rezoning application: A printed and signed paper application form; Aletter of application; Aconcept plan; and Application fees. The County posts public notice on the property prior to public hearings. Adjoining property owners are notified of the application and public hearing dates. Alegal notification is published according to Code of Virginia S 15.2-2204. Step 3. STAFF REVIEW. Staff review of the application includes a site visit, review by a development review team, and preparation of a staff report. This step is typically accomplished during the time periods stated above for public Step 4. PLANNING COMMISSION REVIEW AND RECOMMENDATION. During the public hearing meeting the Planning Step 5. BOARD OF SUPERVISORS DECISION. A second round ofl legal advertisements is published in the local newspaper. After the notification period, as stated in Step 2, the rezoning application is considered for approval by the Board of Supervisors at a public hearing. This public hearing is typically held one month after the Planning The rezoning process, if no delays occur, would take a minimum of four months. The requirements are: seti forth in Code of Virginia S 15.2-2285, which allows specific time periods for delayed action on the part of the County. The time periods can also be extended by the applicant if complications occur during the process. Complications could include a myriad of factors, such as community opposition, extra public information meetings, discovery of unforeseen circumstances with the site, county requests for additional information, etc. Additional unforeseen forces can delay the process, such as extreme weather or a public health crisis. Many developers are dissuaded by the rezoning process because of the time and potential costs required, in addition to potentially stirring contention int the Ifar rezoning to PCD were approved, SUPS would be required to allow the housing types envisioned by the conceptual development scenario. The SUP process mirrors the rezoning procedure with applications, public notice timeframes, and two public hearings. Although the possibility of seeking approval for a rezoning and SUP concurrently may be discussed at the initial consultation with staff, a developer would be hesitant to take on such an onerous process, notification. Commission makes a recommendation toi the Board of Supervisors. Commission hearing (Step 4). community. especially if their purchase of the site is contingent on the rezoning. Page 24 of36 Franklin County Housing Assessment After securing rezoning and SUP approvals, a subdivision plat and site plan review would commence. The review process is conducted by the Planning Commission, with final approval granted by the Planning Director. The County's site plan submission procedure requires seven paper copies of plans to be submitted with thei fee. The assessment found that peer localities allow submission of digital copies until the phase where signatures are required. A significant inefficiency in the County's procedure is the lack of an online submittal platform (such as eTRAKIT or Cityworks) for the site plan and permitting processes. An online system would streamline the process and greatly To expedite housing development and save time and money for developers some localities offer pre-approved building plans. This is another way that Franklin County can proactively facilitate housing development. For example, the City of Roanoke has a residential building plans library with ten plans that include: a duplex with two-bedroom, one and one half bathroom units; an ADA duplex with one bedroom, one bathroom units; and single-family units ranging from three toi five bedroom homes. The process includes selecting a plan that complies with the applicant's wishes and the zoning requirements of their property, confirmation with planning staff, purchasing the plans from a improve accountability, fairness, and customer service. vendor, and submitting a building permit application. Conclusion: Process Barriers Franklin County's plat and site plan approval processes andi timelines follow the requirements set forth int the Code of Virginia. However, some inefficiencies exist that can be addressed, and innovative practices can be implemented, tos streamline and improve the process, therefore removing barriers to development. ADA Duplex Plans by TAS Design City of Roanoke Residential Plans Library REDROOMAL BEDROOM AL 08 KTCHEN SIOOP FR DINING D PANGR ROOM HGNOE ROOM O FIRST FLOOR PLAN Franklin County Housing Assessment Permit Costs and Other Regulatory Assessment Permitting Costs Estimates of the required permitting fees for the conceptual development scenario are: shown in Table 8. Franklin County's processes and fees were compared to, and found to be very similar to, or less than those of nearby localities. For example, Franklin County's review fees are significantly lower than Roanoke County's. Assuming the development is 15.33 acres in size and accomplished through a rezoning of the site to a PCD, the associated review The County's residential building inspection rates are also shown in Table 8. These rates are based on square footage; therefore, it is not possible to reasonably estimate this cost for the conceptual development. It is also difficult to generate a clear comparison to other counties because fees are based on a variety of factors including price per square foot, overall project cost, type of construction, etc. However, when comparing price per square foot Franklin County's residential rates are lower than Montgomery County's by 0.4 cents, higher than Patrick County by 0.3 cents, and higher than Pulaski County by 0.2 cents. Table 8 does not include the cost of professionally drawn plats, site plans, erosion and sediment control plans, or other application documents and support. These items can fees charged by Franklin County are estimated asi in Table 8. be costly but are not controlled by local government. Table 8. Estimated County Permitting Fees Process/Permits Erosion & Sediment Site Plan Review Subdivision Water/Sewer Review Rezoning Permit Special Use Permit Fees $200 + $20 per acre $250 + $10 per acre $150 + $15 per lot $200 + $5 per unit $300 + $10 per acre $300 + $5 per acre Single-unit $35 Multi-unit $35/unit Signage $40 Development Units 15.33 acres 15.33 acres 53 lots 100 units 15.33 acres 15.33 acres, 3 SUP uses 20 80 1 Totals $507 $403 $945 $700 $453 $1,131 $700 $2,800 $40 Zoning Permits Total Cost $7,679 Rate Residential Project New Modular Dwelling New Multi-Unit Dwelling New Site Built Dwelling $0.18 per square foot, ($120 Minimum) $0.18 per square foot, ($210 Minimum) $0.18 per square foot, ($180 Minimum) Page 26 of36 Franklin County Housing Assessment Building Code Regulations The conceptual development scenario is expected to be permissible under the current Virginia Uniform Statewide Building Code (USBC). Building code mandates fire safety elements, minimum square footages, room dimensions, and height limitations, which may influence the development's layout and the type of units offered. These structural and spatial requirements ensure that the development is both safe and livable, but they can affect design flexibility, particularly in the layout of multi-unit and mixed-use buildings. Meeting these standards must be factored into design plans, potentiallyi increasing both planning and construction phases as additional reviews and approvals may be needed. Overall, while the conceptual development is feasible within building code regulations, achieving compliance may involve additional costs, extended timelines, and ai thorough review to ensure adherence to fire safety, structural integrity, and livability standards. Fire Code Regulations The conceptual development scenario would have to meet fire code requirements, as would any development. The provision of an adequate water supply that meets the necessary fire flow standards is critical from the beginning of construction until thei issuance oft the certificate of occupancy. Fire flow requirements will vary based on the type of structure andi the installation of fire suppression systems and standpipes. Proper spacing and placement ofi fire hydrants are mandated by the Code of Virginia to comply with fire code: standards, ensuring that fire flow needs are satisfied. In mixed-use properties, fire suppression systems are mandatory, while single-unit homes may not require Additional considerations include installation ofi fire department access boxes, and the implementation of cooking hood suppression systems. Fire department access boxes are required for mixed-use properties, while hood suppression systems are only necessary if cooking activities are planned in retail spaces. Adequate time must also be allocated for the review, testing, and approval of hood suppression systems by local fire code officials. To meet fire code requirements the conceptual development scenario would most likely have to be served by public water and them. sewer systems. Conclusion: Permit Costs and Other Regulatory Barriers Permit costs and other regulatory barriers that would apply to the conceptual development are not considered barriers. Meeting building and fire code requirments is standard procedure for development, and Franklin County's processes andi fees, and building inspection rates are very similar to those of nearby localities. Virginia Statewide Building Code The Virginia Uniform Statewide Building Code (USBC) contains the building regulations that must be complied with when constructing a new building, structure, or an addition to an existing building. They must also be used when maintaining or repairing an existing building or renovating or changing the use of al building or structure. The USBC is comprised of three parts:Virginia Construction Code, Virginia Existing Building Code, and Virginia Maintenance Code. source: Virginia DHCD- Department of Housing and Community Development. Virginia Fire Hydrant Requirements Code of Virginia Section 12VAC5-590-1170. Hydrants. Fire hydrants shall be connected only to water mains adequately designed for fire flows in accordance with the requirements of 12VAC5-590-1120 B: Fire hydrants shall not be connected to water mains that are not designed to carry fire flows. Connection of a fire hydrant to a pipe of less than six inches in diameter is prohibited. Page 27 of36 Franklin County Housing Assessment Water and Sewer Assessment The addition of new residences and commercial activities would create more demand for water and sewer availability, and waste management. The lack of utilities or capacity may result in a decreased density or an increased cost if a developer proffered the necessary infrastructure. Water and Sewer Infrastructure Currently, properties in Union Hall are served byi individual wells and drain fields or private water and septic systems. As described in Section 2 of this report, the Western Virginia Water Authority (WVWA) is ini the process ofi installing public water infrastructure that will provide limited access to public water, however, public sewer is only in the study phase. Access to both public water and sewer is crucial to the success oft the development, as it allows more Without public sewer each building within the development would require either its own drain field or the installation of one or more: shared drain fields to service multiple buildings. Installing individual drain fields would not be feasible for the density of the scenario. Even as shared drain field system, supporting multiple dwellings or the entire development, would require a considerable amount of space, depending on the size and capacity of the system needed. In areas relying on septic systems, drain field requirements can range from 0.251 to 1a acre per dwelling, Without access to public water, drilling wells would also be necessary, further complicating the development and increasing costs. The space required for both wells and drain fields would noti fit within the scoped acreage. As stated above, the lack of public water also limits fire flow standards to meet fire safety code. As the WVWA completes the construction of public wateri infrastructure in the area, the conceptual development becomes more viable and would only be restricted by the capacity of public water and sewer systems. compact and efficient land use. depending on soil quality, slope, and other factors. Franklin County Housing Assessment Water and Sewer Capacity and Fees Water and sewer systems must have sufficient capacity to supply the demand generated by development. For this estimate sufficient capacity is assumed to be available. According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), on average, a single-unit home, whether detached or attached, uses an estimated 350 gallons of water per day. This estimate includes everyday activities such as cooking, cleaning, and bathing. For multi-unit buildings, and residences in mixed-use buildings, the average daily usage estimate is 300 gallons per day per unit, due to shared infrastructure and slightly different usage patterns. The water and sewer usage for the commercial areas of mixed- use buildings can vary widely based on thei type of businesses and their daily activities. A conservative estimate for the commercial space is 1,000 to 2,000 gallons per day per building. Therefore, the total estimated water and sewer When comparing the water and sewer review fee schedules of regional jurisdictions iti is difficult to make an equal comparison because of the variation in schedule details. Connection fees are easier to compare because WVWA provides public utilities to six nearby localities. WVWA connection fees in Franklin County match those in the other localities served by' WVWA. Franklin County's estimated public water and sewer review fees and WVWA connection demand for the Conceptual development scenario is 39,000 to 41,000 gallons per day. fees for the conceptual development are shown in Table 9: Table 9. Public Water & Sewer Fees County Review: Permit/Service Public Water/Sewer Residential Public Water and Sewer Commercial Fee $200 + $5 per unit $200 + $5 per 1,500 sq. ft. of floor space Cost $700 $233 $933 Total Charge $200,000 $200,000 $500,000 $900,000 Total County Fees Total Residential Units* 100 WVWA Water & Sewer Connection Fees Connection Charge per Residential Unit $2,000 $2,000 $5,000 Water Connection Sewer Connection Fire Hydrant Installation Total *Commercial services to be installed by others at cost. Conclusion: Water and Sewer Barriers The addition of new residences and commercial activities in Union Hall would create more demand for water and sewer availability, and waste management. Water and sewer: systems must have sufficient capacity to supply the demand generated by development. Therefore, access to both public water and sewer is crucial toi the success of the conceptual development. Franklin County's estimated public water and sewer review fees and' WVWA connection fees are very similar to other regional localities and are not considered a barrier. Waste management would be required as it would be with any additional usage generation. As the WVWA completes the construction of public water infrastructure in the area, the conceptual development becomes more viable. Page 29 of36 Franklin County Housing Assessment Other Potential Barriers Additional factors would contribute to the construction timeframe and cost of new development. These costs are dependent on the details oft the concept plan, transportation funding, state and federal regulations, natural features of a site etc., and were not extrapolated for this assessment. Some of the other potential barriers to the conceptual development are highlighted below: Transportation Infrastructure Transportation infrastructure is crucial to supporting connectivity both within the development and from the development to the surrounding community. Union Hall Village straddles Old Franklin Turnpike (Route 40), at two- lane minor arterial road. According to the Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE), the conceptual development scenario is estimated to generate roughly 1,032 daily vehicle trips. Traffic increase is based on the trip generation rates as shown in Table 10. The increase fromi the conceptual development could significantly impact traffic flow along this road, potentially increasing congestion and affecting safety. To mitigate these impacts and ensure sufficient access, road improvements would likely be necessary. Improvements could include added turning lanes, deceleration lanes, intersection reconfigurations, etc. Table 10. ITE Trip Generation Estimates Trips Per Day Per Unit 9.5 9.5 5.8 6 30 per 1,000 sq. ft. Use Type Units 20 20 40 20 ft. 10,000 sq. Totals 190 190 232 120 300 Single-Unit Detached Single-Unit Attached Multi-Unit Mixed-Use Buildings- - Residential Mixed-Use Buildings - Commercial Total 1,032 Currently, Route 40 lacks pedestrian and bicycle facilities, making it unsafe for pedestrians and cyclists. Further, no public transit exists int the area. As stated in Section 2 of this report, Goal 2 of the Union Hall Village Plan calls for multimodal interconnectivity - including pedestrian, bicycle, and vehicle connections and mobility - both within new developments and along existing roads. Providing this infrastructure would reduce reliance on cars and alleviate traffic congestion. Providing infrastructure outside oft the development would require collaboration between Franklin County, the developer, and VDOT. Infrastructure within the development would be shown on the concept plan and provided by the developer. Franklin County Housing Assessment Natural Environment The natural environment plays a significant role in shaping the feasibility and design of any development. Key environmental factors such as topography, hydrology, and existing vegetation, can greatly influence the layout, cost, Topography affects the location of buildings, roads, and other infrastructure on the site. Steeper slopes may limit the buildable area and pose challenges for accessibility and road design. Flat or gently sloping land allows for easier The presence of creeks, rivers, or other bodies of water on or near a development site can impact land use, especially if floodplains or wetlands are present. Waterways traversing a site may require setbacks or buffer zones to protect the water quality and prevent erosion. In some cases, buildable land is limited and may require additional Soil quality and drainage patterns also affect the site's 's suitability for development. Poor soil conditions may necessitate more robust foundations or drainage solutions, while areas with high water tables could increase the and overall success oft the development. placement of buildings, roads, and utilities, and reduces the need for land modification. stormwater management. risk of flooding and add challenges to installation of underground utilities or basements. Conclusion: Other Potential Barriers Transportation infrastructure improvements, such as road upgrades and the addition of multimodal transportation options, in addition to addressing environmental constraints such as topography, water bodies, and soil conditions, can contribute substantial costs and may be a barrier to development. Costs for these challenges would be determined on a site-by-site basis for any proposed development. Franklin County Housing Assessment Section 5. Housing Assessment Key Findings The buildability testing for the conceptual development scenario in Union Hall Village revealed that the keyi issues are primarily related to the County's zoning code and utility and transportation infrastructure. These findings present opportunities for the County. Franklin County can innovatively use best practice zoning tools, such as new districts and overlays, and regulation updates, to greatly reduce barriers and incentivize appropriate development of the Designated Growth Area(s). The County's infrastructure needs can be addressed by working with regional partners. Franklin County's permitting requirements and costs are on par with similar localities and are not expected to bea deterrent to development, but some building and development processes should be modernized. Building Code and Fire Code requirements are not a deterrent to development, as they are universally required across the state. The key findings of this assessment are as follows: Zoning Ordinance: The zoning analysis revealed that the zoning districts in the existing Zoning Ordinance present insurmountable barriers to the conceptual development scenario, and thus the Union Hall Village The specificity and number of land uses in the Zoning Ordinance, and the lack of use permissions and definitions are ambiguous and do not clearly convey what uses are allowed int the various districts. Special Use Permits (SUP) should not be required for uses that fit within the purpose and intent of the zoning districts. The number of SUP uses are a disincentive to development and al burden on staff, the The zoning district design standards and setbacks need to be modernized and clarified for understanding, enforcement, and to achieve desired land uses and development. For example, smaller setbacks would be necessary to achieve the density of Union Hall Village. Zoning map: To achieve the desired development of Union Hall Village rezoning would be necessary. When landowners or developers are required to filei for rezonings, it can be a formidable process that disincentivizes new development. Alternatively, if the County were to rezone property to allow for development envisioned by the Union Hall Village Plan the desired development would be incentivized. Application Platform: Technological upgrades are needed for the County's building and development requirements and processes to improve accountability, efficiency, fairness, and customer service. Many peer localities have an online submittal platform for applications, while Franklin County only allows online Administrative Approval: Zoning permit requirements should be streamlined to increase administrative approvals, decrease the necessity for approvals through public processes, and offer pre-approved building Water and Sewer: Public water and sewer infrastructure would be required for the development envisioned by the Union Hall Village Plan andi this conceptual development. Development should not be expected Transportation: Transportation improvements would be necessary along Route 40, and possibly connecting roads, for the safety and connectivity of Union Hall Village. Improvements would likely include added turning lanes, deceleration lanes, intersection reconfigurations, and active transportation infrastructure such as Plan. Planning Commission, and the Board of Supervisors. submittal of plats. plans. without a plan to install this infrastructure. multi-use paths, bike lanes, and/or sidewalks. Page 32 of3 36 Franklin County Housing Assessment Section 6. Recommendations & Conclusion The following recommendations address the strategic objectives of the Franklin County Comprehensive Plan, specifically the Union Hall Village Plan, with an overarching goal to increase the availability and variety of housing in the County. Recommendations were generated by assessing a catalyst conceptual development scenario for Union Hall Village. Once developed, the rest oft the Village can be built around the catalyst development = incrementally building out thet full village - as future growth demands. Recommendations were also generated with input from stakeholders from the community, and by applying best practices for rural development. These recommendations can be applied universally to the County's other DGAs/rural villages. "A village is the primary focus for local services, social activities, and community life :s will therefore require expedited implementation of planning tools such as overlay districts, architectural guidelines, and design standards."- Franklin County Comprehensive Plan Strategic Recommendations 1. Use the County's zoning tools proactively to incentivize development that will implement the Union Hall Village Plan. 1-1. Adopt an agricultural residential zoning district that differs from A-1 in uses and standards, thereby preserving the A-1 District for1 farming, forestry, large-parcel residential, and other agricultural uses. 1-2. Preemptively rezone the A-1 District areas of Union Hall DGA1 to the new agricultural residential district. The purpose of the district would be a rural residential district that allows agricultural uses and smaller residential parcels than the A-1. The district would be less dense than the residential districts, while 1-3. Adopt a' Village Overlay District that can be used to build the desired mix of uses and densities envisioned by the Union Hall Village Plan. This Overlay should be allowed in all Districts except the A-1 Agricultural District. The Overlay should permit (by-right) the uses that are conducive to implementation of allowing more density than the A-1. the Union Hall Village Plan. This includes the following housing types: Duplexes, triplexes, quadplexes Mixed-Use commercial and residential buildings Small apartment and condominium buildings Single-unit detached and attached Townhomes Page 33 of36 Franklin County Housing Assessment 1-3-1. Include Overlay District Standards that ensure compatibility with the vision of the Union Hall Village Plan byi including: Elements of traditional neighborhood design (TND) District use and dimensional standards, such as lot coverage and setbacks, that allow residential and mixed-use densities that are higher than that of underlying agricultural or residential districts Requirement of public water and sewer hookups for new development Requirement of roads built and maintained to VDOT standards Requirement of active transportation infrastructure (trails, sidewalks, and shared-use paths) integrated within new developments with connections outside the development, and along Limited entrances/exits onto arterial roads in accordance with VDOT standards Route 40 Allow appropriate uses by-right, avoiding SUP requirements Elements of Traditional Neighborhood Design Public spaces, parks, and public space Pedestrian orientation and infrastructure Neighborhood friendly streets and paths Interconnected streets and transportation Close proximity to neighborhood centers, shopping and services Appropriately scaled buildings and spaces Relegated parking Mixture of uses and use types Mixture of housing types and affordability Environmentally sensitive design Visual buffers between residential and commercial uses Reduced sign clutter Lighting design that preserves dark skies, provides safety, and does not impact adjacent uses Protecting scenic views amenities networks 1-4. Update the Zoning Ordinance toi improve usability, enforceability, and parking standards. 1-4-1. Modernize and categorize land uses and provide clear definitions for each. Provide appropriate use standards to reduce: SUP requirements Update design standards to improve comprehension and enforceability Update density and dimensional standards to match the intent of the districts 1-4-2. Parking requirements should be reduced by allowing shared parking and requiring fewer spaces where possible. Page 34 of 36 Franklin County Housing Assessment 1-5. Remove barriers to development ini the development review and permitting processes. 1-5-1. Streamline the zoning application and permitting processes to remove, where possible, the requirement for governing body approvals byi increasing administrative approvals. 1-5-2. Institute an online submittal platform for permit applications, site plans, inspections, etc., to 1-5-3. Require only digital site plans, as opposed to paper, until the signed copies are needed. 1-5-4. Offer pre-approved building plans that can be purchased from a vendor by an applicant. improve accountability, efficiency, fairness, and customer service. 2. Incentives and resources to support development in the Defined Growth Areas (DGAs). 2-1. Plan and fund a public catalyst project, such as a community center, in Union Hall Village. 2-2. Offer density bonuses for low impact development, green building, and affordable housing. 2-3. Form partnerships with WVWA and developers to provide access to water and seweri infrastructure for new development. 2-4. Continue to work with internet providers to increase broadband infrastructure. 2-5. Partner with' VDOT toi identify, design, and fund road capacity and safety projects on Route 40. 2-6. Partner with VDOT to install multi-use paths, sidewalks, crosswalks, bike lanes, etc., on existing roads in Union Hall. Conclusion Franklin County has demonstrated commendable foresight to prepare for thet future by completing this housing assessment. The assessment included ani in-depth review of the County's plans and policies, regional housing studies, and stakeholder input, followed by buildability testing based on a conceptual development scenario in Union Hall Village. The assessment revealed existing regulatory and infrastructure barriers that currently hinder the feasibility of developing the conceptual scenario. To address these challenges the County should prioritize regulatory updates and mapping changes, adopt new: zoning tools, leverage incentives and partnerships, invest ini infrastructure improvements, and monitor and adjust based Byi implementing these steps, Franklin County can position itself to overcome existing barriers andi foster sustainable growth that supports a variety of housing options for current and future residents. This proactive approach will not only enhance housing diversity but also strengthen the County'se economic on progress and public feedback. resilience and quality of life. Page 35 of36 BERKLEY GROUP Franklin County A Natural Setting for Opportumity APPENDIXC Franklin County A Natural Setting, for Opportunity FRANKLIN This Diagnostic Report and corresponding General Zoning Diagnostic Matrix summarize an examination of several Franklin County land use policy COUNTY documents. GENERAL ZONING DIAGNOSTIC January 23, 2025 BERKLEY GROUP BERKLEY G ROUP Diagnostic Report USING THIS REPORT Code or Subdivision Ordinance. This Diagnostic Report and corresponding General Zoning Diagnostic Matrix: summarize an examination of several Franklin County land use policy documents. The diagnostic does not include the entire Franklin County The following General Zoning Diagnostic Matrix has three sections: 1 Zoning Ordinance Best Practices Analysis 20 Comprehensive Plan Analysis - 2025 Comprehensive Plan adopted in 2007 3Small Area Plans Analysis for: Westlake Hales Ford, Union Hall, and 220-North Corridor SECTION 1 highlights basic zoning ordinance subjects, then details the location and state of these subjects within the current ordinance, and provides potential changes to the Zoning Ordinance identified by County staff and Berkley Group that are needed for compliance with Code of Virginia and zoning best practices. Recommendations include improvements to clarity and flow oft the document and compliance with Code of Virginia. The Matrix also addresses administration of the Ordinance, zoning permits and applications, zoning SECTION 2 highlights strategies and corresponding policies from plan elements in the Franklin County 2025 Comprehensive Plan directly related to zoning and suggests actions to be taken during the next update oft the Zoning Ordinance that can help to implement these strategies. These actions should be reviewed and edited, as appropriate, when the County Comprehensive Plan is updated. Reviewed plan elements include cultural resources, economic development, housing, parks and recreation facilities, public utilities, villages, and SECTION 3 highlights strategies and corresponding policies int the Small Area Plans, which are amendments to the Franklin County 2025 Comprehensive Plan, directly related to zoning and suggests actions to be taken during the next update of the Zoning Ordinance that can helpt toi implement these strategies. Reviewed small Area Plans include the Westlake Hales Ford Plan, the Union Hall Plan, and the 220-North Corridor Plan. The Matrix outlines specific recommendations for enhancing clarity, organization, and functionality of the zoning regulations. Key themes include streamlining language, consolidating regulations, updating definitions, and creating new districts to promote diverse land uses and community design principles. Highlights include: districts and district standards, land uses, community design standards, and definitions. commercial highway corridors and scenic byways. RECOMMENDATIONS SUMMARY Restructure the ordinance for easier navigation. Meet Code of Virginia requirements and provide relevant references. Update enforcement procedures to include civil penalties. Clarify and improve application requirements and processes. Develop standards for open spaces and landscaping. Align district purpose statements and regulations with Comprehensive Plan goals. CONCLUSION The Franklin County General Zoning Diagnostic is intended to guide updates to the Franklin County Zoning Ordinance. The Recommended Changes" and "Actions to be Taken" columns provide clear steps that can be taken to address identified issues. These columns should serve as a checklist to bring the Ordinance into compliance with the Code of Virginia, incorporate best practices, facilitate effective enforcement, and implement the County's plans for thei future development of the community. Introductory Report Page 1/1 Franklin County General BERKLEY GROUP Zoning Diagnostic Matrix :ZONING ORDINANCE BEST PRACTICES ANALYSIS Subject Location Current State Recommended Changes GENERAL Update table of contents to easily locate information. Follow al logical Article structure that keeps likei information together and eases the process of referencing the Clarify language and minimize legalese wherever possible, providing references to Code of VA. information. Flow Structure The Ordinance is not formatted in an intuitive manner, making it difficult to &F Format locate regulations and provisions. document. Content is formatted in long paragraphs and lists. Technical language is hard differently, that are effectively the same use across different districts. Language tou understand. Many terms are not defined. Repetition occurs throughout, for . Use tables to condense, consolidate, and organize Clarity &Format example, in some cases the Ordinance includes multiple land uses, labeled Use plain language over technical language where possible. Provide thorough definitions and references. references; andi include code sections where needed for Code of Virginia requirements and provisions have been amended many times . Bring the ordinance up to State Code; update all code Compliance Code OfVA since the Zoning Ordinance was last updated; therefore, many provisions in the Ordinance are out of compliance. understanding. ADMINISTRATION Enforcement Enforcement Zoning Zoning Administrator authority and duties are: stated in multiple places Administrator throughout the Ordinance making it difficult to reference. Organize Zoning Administrator appointment, powers, and duties into one section in the Administration article. of Virginia. Include a direct reference to these sections of the Clarify and streamline enforcement procedures. Update all violations and penalties as at first line of defense, match State Codei to The Ordinance does not include damages for unconstitutional. grant or denial . Franklin County should be aware of this section of the Code Article V. by locality of certain permits and approvals as provided in Code of Virginia S 15.2-2208.1 and S 15.2-2208.2. Code of Virginia. The existing Ordinance fines are based on misdemeanor charges and range from $101 for initial summons and $1,0001 for additional offenses. Code of Violation Virginia 51 15.2-2209 allows localities to use civil penalties. & Penalty Enforcement is currently difficult for staff. Enforcement penalties provisions to include civil When necessary, civil penalties should be used, with criminal penalties beinga ensure compliance. last resort. Organize all dollar amount fees int the County Code schedule of fees. This allows the fees to be without the necessity of References should be inserted where applicable. as needed updated Ordinance. amending the Zoning Various Divisions Fees Fees are included in dollar amounts throughout the Zoning Ordinance. General Zoning Diagnostic Matrix I Page 1of9 Franklin County General BERKLEY GROUP Zoning Diagnostic Matrix Subject Location Current State Recommended Changes PERMITS & APPLICATIONS Article V. Application requirements for zoning permits are not included in the Ordinance. The sections state, "This section is reserved for future use." Article V. The process to apply for and obtain special use permits is incomplete and Provide for application requirements for all permits in the permits and applications article. Provide for application process and requirements for special use permits int the permits and applications article. Applications Permits zoning unclear. DISTRICTS & DISTRICT STANDARDS Primary Districts Primary Districts Residential Districts Purpose statements are generally out of alignment with the use permissions, Draft new purpose statements for each zoning district, aligning the goals comprehensive plan and Consider shortening names of zoning districts. Revise standards for R-1 to align with the purpose and Revise standards for R-21 to align with the purpose and protect the character ofar medium-density residential Consider revamping the Residential Estates (RE) District, or creating a new. Agricultural Residential (AR) zoning district to provide more options of blending residential neighborhoods Ensure that A-1 zoning district permissions and standards promote and protect agricultural practices. Allow for mixed-use structures as a use in appropriate Zoning Districts andi include required use standards. Include mixed-use standards and permissions ina a new Village Center Overlay district (see below). Create a new Village Center Overlay that can be applied to the Villages/DGAS in the zoned portion of the County. Article III. Article III. with standards of the districts. of the standards, and comprehensive plan. Residential The names of zoning districts are cumbersome and confusing. protect the low-density district. residential character of district. the Article III. The R-1 and R-2 district purposes are identical, and the standards are largely R-1&R-2 identical and allow the same uses. The majority of the zoned portion of the County is zoned A-1. This district is neighborhood rezonings and suburban neighborhoods that are zoned A-1. There is no mixed-use structure, district or overlay, except for the 220-North Overlay. However, some of the primary districts allow mixed-use, The ordinance would benefit from a universal overlay zoning district for all Center villages/Designated Growth. Areas (DGAS), similar to the existing Westlake Village Center Overlay. This overlay district will help facilitate the goals of the Primary Districts Article III. not serving the needs of the whole area it covers, as evidenced by Agricultural with agricultural uses. Overlay Districts Overlay Districts Article IV. Mixed Use All Article IV. Village Overlay (New) i.e., B-1 and B-2 allow apartments with al business. comprehensive plan and small area plans. General Zoning Diagnostic Matrix I Page 2of9 Franklin County General BERKLEY GROUP Zoning Diagnostic Matrix Subject Location Current State Recommended Changes Research and analyze the purpose and value of this overlay and the best way(s) to meet the County's objectives. Consider removing this overlay in lieu of other solutions. County in general. Consider what amendments would fulfill the County's goals for signage generally, and in the designated corridors of the overlay. Remove this overlay Article IV. Overlay Overlay Districts Corridor The Corridor Overlay District erroneously covers portions of the County that standards are not zoned. Compare overlay to the sign regulations of the Article IV. The Smith Mountain Laike overlay only applies to docks and does not follow Smith the purpose or best practices for overlay zoning districts. Further, American Electric Power has legal rights to the: shoreline and issues dock permits on Overlay Districts district. zoning Mountain Lake Smith Mountain Lake. Shorten boundary descriptions to be quickly comprehensible tog give clear understanding of the territory included in each Consider ways to clarify and differentiate each of these overlay. overlays. language. Other zoning Article IV. 220-North Scenic Gateway; Rural Development; The ordinance has three 220-North Overlay Districts. The purposes of these of Route 220, all north of the Town of Rocky Mount. The boundary descriptions for these overlays are written in long paragraphs overlays are largely the same. Each one is designated along different stretches . Establish the width of the overlays with understood Overlay Districts easily design such as community regulations Mixed Use and are difficult to interpret. standards for landscaping and signs should be considered to fulfill the purpose of these overlays. Recommend that the County improve the Official Zoning Mapi to clearly delineate each overlay district as a second step after ordinance updates. Reorganize dimensional standards (area regulations, maximum height, minimum dimensions, etc.), into one article, and format into easy to reference tables for like Reorganize community design standards (streets, parking, utilities, design guidelines, etc.), into one article. Reorganize all concept plan, site plan, and other permits and applications into one article. Reorganize overlay districts into one article. Use tables to clarify dimensional standards, permissions, etc. The current ordinance lists area regulations, maximum height, minimum Article III. dimensions, streets, parking, utilities, design guidelines, and concept plan requirements in paragraph form for each district. Therefore, the ordinance is Primary Districts districts. All repetitive and cumbersome to reference. Overlay Districts Article IV. All Overlay districts are formatted similarly to primary districts, above, so the same comments apply. USES General Zoning Diagnostic Matrix I Page 3of9 Franklin County General BERKLEY GROUP Zoning Diagnostic Matrix Subject Special Use Permits Prohibited Uses Use Permissions Use Permissions Primary Districts Use Location Current State Recommended Changes approved conditions as use standards. Remove prohibited uses. Various Certain uses that currently require a Special Use Permit may be better as by- . Convert some uses from SUP to by-right by using standard Divisions right uses with appropriate use standards.. Prohibited uses are listedi in each of the zoning districts. Iti is not necessary to &IV. list prohibited uses as the Ordinance is a permissive ordinance, inherently restricting any use that is not expressly permitted. The permissions for zoning districts include uses that are nappropriate for right in M-1. Additionally, some uses are listed multiple times with slightly different names, some uses are obsolete, while newer uses are missing. Articles III. Recommend streamlining uses to those that promote the Recommend grouping like uses into categories, eliminating uses no longer needed, and adding relevant, modern uses. by SUP, in al Use Matrix, with use standards notated. Organize use standards in one Article. To facilitate housing development, allow all types of multi- family dwellings in RMF district. Subdivisions should be provided for ini the subdivision ordinance. Remove as uses and address appropriately in community designs standards and planned development standards. Remove this use and provide for these items under Community Design Standards. Consider how the County wants to treat public VS. private roads, and which standards should be provided for in the Zoning Ordinance VS. the County Code or Subdivision Consider what sizes of facilities the County wants to allow, i.e., large and utility-scale, medium, small. Provide updated standards, definitions, and permissions for Consider which standards should be provided for in the Zoning Ordinance VS. County Code. Revise STR regulations and provisions to align with State Code requirements. Additional standards can be added to facilitate the permitting process for STRS. Articles III. some districts, i.e., houses for the developmentally disabled are permitted by- intent and purpose of each district. &IV. Article III. Districts Residential Articles III.& IV. Primary & The ordinance lists permitted uses in every district making it cumbersome and Display all Districts and permitted uses, whether by-right or Overlay difficult for users to reference andi for staff to enforce. Article III. The RMF District is lacking some multi-family dwelling options. Subdivisions and cluster development are listed as uses. Permissions Subdivisions, Cluster development standards are housed in the A-1 District regulations and Cluster referred to throughout the ordinance. Development Articles III. & streets, etc. Use Permissions IV. Roads, Uses include private and public roads, streets, rights-of-way, easements, etc. Some of these uses require an SUP. Ordinance. Wind & Solar Facilities Use Permissions Standards and definitions for these energy sources should be updated to Energy incorporate technological advances and environmental changes. facilities. State Code S 15.2-983 requirements have changed, as noted above under GENERAL, Compliance. Use Standards Short-term Short-term rentals (STRS) are lacking definitions and use standards. While the Rentals County has certain requirements countywide, such as a registry and safety considerations, the Zoning Ordinance further limits where STRS are allowedi in thez zoned portion of the County. General Zoning Diagnostic Matrix I Page 4of9 Franklin County General BERKLEY GROUP Zoning Diagnostic Matrix Subject Use Location Current State Article II. Regulations Recommended Changes Include all use standards in one article Include all SUP provisions ina division of the permits and applications article. Include all landscaping provisions in the community design standards article. Use the recommendations of the housing report regarding amendments to the zoning ordinance to facilitate the development of more housing types, in appropriate areas, in alignment with the comprehensive plan. Use standards, landscaping, SUP standards, etc. are contained in Division 4 Standards Supplementary Supplementary Regulations. Various The current ordinance is outdated with regard to providing for a mix of Divisions housing types, development practices, and demand for housing. Housing COMMUNITY DESIGN STANDARDS Provide for signs in one division of the community design Format using illustrations andt tables to consolidate and display information in a more comprehensible format. Provide clear sign measurement guidelines for each district. Establish minimum standards in the commercial development districts for perimeter fencing and walls for location, height, and materials. Provide for open space standards in the Community article. standards article. Signs are provided fori in multiple divisions of the ordinance, such as district divisions, overlay districts, sign regulations division, and outdoor lighting. Signs Various Fences and Walls Space Open and planned N/A Div.1 Regulations for fences and walls are not includedi ini the current ordinance. Article III Open space standards are addressed in cluster developments but is not Design included in other sections of the Ordinance. DEFINITIONS All Definitions appear in multiple divisions, making it difficult to reference. Organize all definitions into one Article. Update all definitions, including replacing with definitions provided by Code of Virginia where applicable. Recommend including definitions found in Code of Virginia S 15.2-2201 that are currently missing from the Ordinance. These include: "development," "incentive zoning," "mixed use development," "official zoning map," "planned unit development," "plat,"" "preliminary plat." Categorize and consolidate use definitions. Provide definitions for every use. Many definitions are outdated; some are out of compliance with State Code 5 All Throughout 15.2-2201. Multiple definitions for similar uses are provided, while some uses are not Uses defined. General Zoning Diagnostic Matrix I Page 5of9 Franklin County General BERKLEY GROUP Zoning Diagnostic Matrix : COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ANALYSIS FRANKLIN COUNTY 2025 COMPREHENSIVE PLAN* Plan Element Cultural Resources Strategy # Corresponding Implementation Policy Action to be Taken in ZO Update Identify, map, and promote significant historic and cultural sites int the 8.0b County that build on the foundation of Ferrum College/Blue Ridge Farm Museum, Booker T. Washington National Monument, the Rocky Mount Train Depot, and Hales Ford Academy. Support the efforts and programs of local groups and organizations that promote and preserve the history of Franklin County. Provide for preservation and restoration of historic sites and structures in ther nonconformities article and community design article, as applicable. 8.0c Provide use permissions for campgrounds, recreation and open spaces, lodging, restaurants, etc., in the appropriate zoning districts. Provide design guidelines and use standards to facilitate the development of the above uses while mitigating any impacts on surrounding properties. See Cultural Resources, above. 11.0b Encourage the development of infrastructure that supports tourism, i.e. lodging, restaurants. 11.0c Promote heritage tourism within Franklin County. Provide for agritourism as a use as required by Code of Permit agritourism with corresponding use standards in the appropriate zoning districts. Provide use permissions for conference facilities (and event centers) in the appropriate zoning districts. Require public water ands sewer hook-up for new development in areas where these services are Update lighting standards to preserve dark skies. Update landscaping and screening standards to preserve Include open space requirements for new development. Improve the efficacy of the existing overlay districts by updating the overlay standards or update and amend design standards for improved rural character 11.0e Investigate the possibilities of promoting agritourism. Virginia. Economic Development 11.0f Promote the availability and quality of conference facilities within Franklin On-site Sewage Disposal: Coordinate with VDH to ensure all new 17.01 building lots dependent on water and sewage disposal systems have adequate service and service reserve areas. 17.0n ofstrayl light on the environment, "light pollution." County. available. Review and update development standards for outdoor lighting to lessen the impact 17.00 Investigate the development of standards to preserve natural vegetation in natural vegetation. residential and commercial development. 20.0b Develop ordinances and/or incentives for the protection and conservation of identified rural roadscapes and scenic corridors. protection. General Zoning Diagnostic Matrix I Page 6of9 Franklin County General BERKLEY GROUP Zoning Diagnostic Matrix FRANKLIN COUNTY 2025 COMPREHENSIVE PLAN* Plan Element Strategy # Corresponding Implementation Policy Action to be Taken in ZO Update Add open space provisions to the community design Provide use permissions for residential shelter in the appropriate zoning districts. Provide use permissions for accessory dwelling, group home, life care facility, and temporary family health care structure in the appropriate zoning districts. Provide for connection of open spaces, where applicable, to help implement the County's trails plan. Add a new Open Space division int the Community Design Article to provide for public open spaces tol be used for passive and active recreation. The County should consider adding provisions to the subdivision ordinance to help implement this strategy. Require public water and sewer hook-up for new development in areas where these services are Provide for updated wind and solar energy use permissions and standards. See Parks & Recreation above. 21.0b Investigate options and develop new guidelines for open space 25.0a Continue to support the provision of assistance in obtaining temporary shelter to displaced families and homeless individuals. 26.0b Encourage construction of continuous care facilities. requirements in zoning districts. article. Housing Implement the Franklin County Trails Plan as adopted the Board of Supervisors for greenways and trails that use river corridors, abandoned 4.0c railways, and other linear routes to link selected County towns, park sites, Parks & Recreation Facilities by schools, and other community facilities. Connect existing systems to the countywide public water system source 28.0c as the distribution system is extended. available. 34.0b Encourage the conservation of energy by promoting existing educational 38.0a Implement the County's adopted Franklin County Trail System Plan 2004. 39.0d Develop a plan for expanding air transportation service for the citizens programs and best practices. Public Utilities Franklin County. 40.0a Support development of passenger rail service. 40.0c Support the expansion of bus service in the region. Provide for Transportation Services use permissions in appropriate zoning districts. Policies containing strategies to meet the purpose stated int this section of the comprehensive plan. "A village is the primary focus for locals services, social activities, and community life as well as providing opportunities. for employment.. the plan Pages projects that the Villages of Union Hall, Penhook, and Hales Ford will develop with a 12-6 higher concentration of commercial use than other villages. These areas will grow at aj faster rate than other villages. They will therefore require expedited implementation of planning tools such as overlay districts, architectural guidelines, Policies for Villages This section can be used, together with the small area plans, to write standards for a new village center overlay. and design standards." General Zoning Diagnostic Matrix I Page 7of9 Franklin County General BERKLEY GROUP Zoning Diagnostic Matrix FRANKLIN COUNTY 2025 COMPREHENSIVE PLAN* Plan Element Policies for Commercial Highway Corridors & Scenic Byways Strategy # Pages 12-8, 12-10 Corresponding Implementation Policy Action to be Taken in ZO Update These sections can be used, together with the ordinance, to revise the standards for corridor overlays and signage requirements. Policies containing strategies to meet the purpose stated ini this section of the existing comprehensive plan. *This refers to the current plan adopted in 2007. The Comprehensive Plan is being updated in 2025 with the title of "Franklin County 2045 Comprehensive Plan." 3:S SMALL AREA PLANS ANALYSIS SMALL AREA PLANS Plan Location Strategy Action to be Taken in ZO Update: Pages Ani identified goal of the UDA program is to better align 46-49 County zoning ordinances with traditional neighborhood Pages design (TND) principles. These include: 50-52 . Mix of uses, Diversity of housing type, Multiple means of Include the Recommended. Amendments to the Residential Planned Unit Include the Recommended Amendments to the Planned Commercial District Westlake Hales Ford Development District (RPD). (PCD). Pages travel, Green space, Conservation of land, Well-connected Include the Recommended Amendments to the Westlake Village Center Overlay Strategy Create and adopt a Village of Union Hall Overlay District that AVillage Center Overlay can be created toi include zoning regulations that help 3 would provide zoning regulations that better accommodate implement measures that meet the purpose as described in the Union Hall Village 52-54 streets District. Pages 64&76 "village" development. Plan. The overlay can be designed to apply to village areas of the County as might be desired in the future. Ensure that multimodal interconnectivity is considered during development including pedestrian, bicycle, and vehicle pedestrian and vehicular connections at the time of new 66&78 development - including connector roads within developments, sidewalks and crosswalks, and multimodal Strategy connections and mobility. Revise zoning regulations to require Zoning regulations in the Village Center Overlay will require sidewalks at the time of 5 Pages Union Hall development, along with multi-modal trails, as appropriate for the development and greater Village context. paths. Strategy Create and adopt a Village of Union Hall Overlay District that The Village Center Overlay will provide for the ability to develop smaller 1 would provide zoning regulations that better accommodate neighborhoods or developments that offer not only single-unit housing on small lots, Pages "village" development that includes residential development but also townhomes, duplexes, and housing types geared towards those aging-in- 67&79 of various types and densities, as appropriate. place. General Zoning Diagnostic Matrix I Page 8of9 Franklin County General BERKLEY GROUP Zoning Diagnostic Matrix SMALL AREA PLANS Plan Location Strategy Action to be Taken in ZO Update: Utilize the Franklin County Housing Study (RVARC, 2020), the The revisions to the zoning ordinance will use available housing studies and plans to West Piedmont Planning District Commission Regional Housing Study, (not complete as of 10/2023), and future housing studies, for guidance on mitigating known housing Pages barriers and to capitalize on housing opportunities; review and amend Zoning Ordinance regulations to mitigate the With the development and adoption of an amendment tot the Zoning Ordinance to establish the 220-Scenic Gateway Overlay District, much of the policy intent for this area has Page 19 been implemented int the zoning ordinance. The following are additional implementation recommendations that would build on the policy intent described and help reinforce the scenic visual character of this portion of the Rt. 220 Corridor. With the development and adoption of an amendment to the Zoning Ordinance to establish a Rural Development Overlay District, much of the policy intent for this area has been implemented in the zoning ordinance. Thet following are Page 24 additional implementation recommendations that would build on the policy intent described, provide a foundation for continued economic growth for the County, and help reinforce the scenic character of this portion of the Rt. 220 With the development and adoption of an amendment to the Zoning Ordinance to establish the Mixed Use Commercial overlay district, much of the policy intent for this portion of the Rt. 220 Corridor has been implemented in the Zoning Page 30 Ordinance. The following are additional implementation recommendations that would build on the policyi intent, provide a foundation for continued economic growth for the County, and help reinforce the scenic character of this portion draft provisions and standards for: The Village Center Overlay District Community Design Standards Primary and Overlay Districts Use Matrix Use Standards Strategy 2 67&78 identified barriers. Explore alternatives tol by-right A-1 residential subdivision development to preserve significant open space andi important views. Explore methods to restrict or limit development ofs steep slopes. Discourage rezoning within designated Conservation Areas which would result ina residential density greater than 1.2 units per acre. Refine the Regional Enterprise Park District standards and use better implement its stated purpose as a Regional Enterprise Park. to permissions 220-North Corridor Plan Corridor. Explore alternatives to by-right A-1 residential subdivision development which would preserve significant open space andi important views. of the 220 Corridor. General Zoning Diagnostic Matrix I Page 9of9