AURORA, NEBRASKA  COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN  FIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING ADOPTED 2020    CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION. WHY WE PLAN. RESPONSBLTYTOPLAN. AUTHORITYTOPLAN. BUILDING THE PLAN.. MAP1.JJURSDICTION OF THE PLAN. COMMUNITY INPUT.. DECISIONTO PLAN. GRAND ISLAND MSA. DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS. POPULATOMPROECTION. ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS. II. LAND USE AND ANNEXATION. NRS S 19-903.  4 6 6  11 14 15 15 16 24 25 28 30 30 30 33 36 39 41 47 50 50 50 53 55 55 59 61 61 61  Il. DOCUMENTED DEMOGRAPHIC. AND ECONOMIC PROJECTIONS,  DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC PROJECTIONS-KEYTAKEAWAYS.  EXISTING LAND USE, CITY OF AURORA BREAKDOWN. EXISTING LAND USE, AURORA ZONING. URSDCIOMEREAOONN  EXISTING LAND USE-MAP.  CONDITION. AND: STATUS OF ALL STRUCTURES. CONDITION. AND: STATUS OF RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES.  FUTURE LAND USE MAP. NRS S 19-903. TRANSPORTATION. ROUTES.. STREET CONDITION. SIDEWALK CONDITION.  IV. TRANSPORTATION ROUTES. AND FACILITIES.  TRAIL SYSTEM EXPANSION/S SIDEWALK SYSTEM. IMPROVEMENT. TRANSPORTATION, ROUTES AND ACLTES-KEYTAKEAMAYS V. PRESENTED. AND PROJECTED COMMUNITY FACILITIES.  NRS S 19-903. PUBLIC WATER: SYSTEM.  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN,2 2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 2of81    SANITARY SEWER. PARKS.  63 64 67 72 73 74 74 74 75 77 80 81  CULTURAL FACILITIES, PUBLIC BUILDINGS, AND: SERVICES.  ADDITIONAL CITY SERVICES. VI. ENERGYELEMENT, NRS S 19-903.  PRESENT AND PROJECTED COMMUNITY FACILITIES-KEY TAKEAWAYS.  ENERGY PRODUCTION. AND CONSUMPTION IN NEBRASKA. ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION IN AURORA. WATER CONSUMPTION: IN AURORA. ENERGY ELEMENT-KEY TAKEAWAYS. VII. AR REMINDER OF WHY WE PLAN.  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2 2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 30 of81    I. WHY WEP PLAN  NTRODUCTION  The City of Aurora is a leader both in its region and as an example for small cities across the Midwest. In the early 2000s, this community was one of the first to establish an official economic development organization. As al result, many great amenities are enjoyed by Aurora residents that are: not available to residents of comparable cities. Many of these amenities are paid for privately as this community enjoys a unique culture of strong locall leadership,  ownership, and investment.  The Aurora Community prides itself on offering a great quality of life today while also keeping a close eye on ensuring that they can look forward to a great future. As such, the. Aurora City Council and Planning Commission have demonstrated their belief in a strong future by consistently updating its comprehensive plan at thel beginning of every new decade. The comprehensive plan assesses the current state of the community and documents its vision of This current assessment has revealed that the City, unlike its peers across the state, has seen steady and/or consistent growth in population since 1940. However, since 2000, all stable communities in the Grand Island Metropolitan Statistical Area (GII MSA) have seen growth in the number of new: residents, available jobs, and increasing incomes. Therefore, while. Aurora has historically outpaced its regional peers in growth, more growth was captured by nearby cities The City of Aurorai recognizes that it is lucky enough to be in the Midwest and have access to incredible quality of life amenities such as exceptional public education, low crime rates, fresh air, and ample outdoor recreational opportunities. Due to the cyclical nature of the nation's agricultural economy, being in the Midwest, where agriculture is generally the largest economic driver, is not always considered an economic strength. However, Aurora is also lucky enough to bei in a region that is seeing stable economic and population growth despite agricultural The City's leadership understands that these regional strengths combined with the success of neighboring cities requires some policy changes if the City wants to continue to see substantial Local policies that made Aurora a great place to live over the past decade will have to change to accommodate the change in growth opportunities being generated by the economic activity in the GII MSA. This comprehensive plan update serves as the City's concrete step toward continuing its strong tradition of attracting and accommodating growth, while also maintaining  the city's built environment in the next decade.  than ever before.  downturns.  growth every ten years.  as safe, quiet, and clean community.  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN, 2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 40f81    Growth goals that the City intends to accomplish through this plan update are. listed below:  Expanding housing choices for all income levels.  Increasing the amount of available park space at the same: rate as new residents are Ensuring that neighborhoods can continue to expand in a sustainable and predictable  added to the city. manner.  Attracting workforce to the city that is needed by area employers. Creating an attractive commercial corridor from the city tol Interstate 80.  Encouraging the start-up, expansion, and re-location of companies to Aurora that provide Maintaining the City of Aurora as a regional leader in providing community that is a  jobs and services to the area. great place to live, work, and play.  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 50f81    RESPONSBILTYTOPLAN  Add an overview paragraph to frame the narrative - talk about the key takeaways, talk about some of the downward trends or scarcity of housing and indicate that the planning commission has taken steps already to address these issues and position the city to grow (i.e., by adding Per Nebraska Revised Statutes (NRS) S 19-901 (1), municipal governments in Nebraska are  residential zoning on the future land use map).  granted the authority to regulate land use within their jurisdiction.  For the purpose of promoting health, safety, morals, or the general welfare of the community, the legislative bodies in cities of the first and second class and in villages may adopt zoning regulations which restrict the height, number of stories, and size of buildings and other structures, the percentage of lot that may be occupied, the size of yards, courts, and other open spaces, the density of population, and the location and use ofl buildings, structures, and land for trade.industy,residence. or other purposes.  AUTHORITYTOPLAN  NRS S 19-901 (2) explains that zoning regulations may not be adopted until a comprehensive plan has been competed.recommended [by the Planning Commission) and adopted Iby the City  Council).  Such powers shall be exercised only after the municipal legislative body had established aplanning commission, received from its planning commission a recommended comprehensive development plan as defined in section 19-903, adopted such comprehensive development plan, and received the specific recommendation of the planning commission on the adoption or amendment of zoning regulations. The planning commission shall make a preliminary report and hold public hearings on its recommendations regarding the adoption or repeal of the comprehensive development plan and zoning regulations and shall hold public hearings thereon before submitting its final report to the legislative body. Amendments toi the comprehensive plan or zoning regulations shall be considered at public hearings before submitting regulations to the  public body.  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 6 of81    A. Public Hearing. regarding the recommendation oft this Comprenensive Plan was. held by the  City ofAurora Planning Commission on this date. in 2020:  The City ofAurora Planning Commission recommended adoption of this Comprehensive. Plan  on this date. in 2020:  A Public Hearing regarding the adoption ofthis Comprenensive Plan was. held by the City of  Aurora City council on this date. in 2020:  Byapproving Ordinance. No. this date. in 2020:  the. Aurora City Council adopted this Comprehensive Plan on  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 7of81    BUILDING THE PLAN  The City of Aurora Comprehensive Plan is organized into chapters based upon the guidance and The regulations and restrictions authorized by sections 19-901 to 19-915 shall be in accordance with a comprehensive development plan which shall consist of both graphic and textual material and shall be designed to accommodate anticipated long-range future growth which The comprehensive development plan shall, among other possible elements, include: (1). A] land-use element which designates the proposed general distributions, general location, and extent of the uses of] land for agriculture, housing, commerce, industry, recreation, education, public buildings and lands, and other categories of public and private use of] land; (2) The general location, character, and extent of existing and proposed major roads, streets, and (3) The general location, type, capacity, and area served of present and projected orl needed community facilities including recreation facilities, schools, libraries, other public buildings, (4) When a new comprehensive plan or a full update to an existing comprehensive plan is developed on or after. July 15, 2010, but not later than January 1, 2015, an energy element which: Assesses energy infrastructure and energy use by sector, including residential, commercial, and industrial sectors; evaluates utilization of renewable energy sources; and promotes energy conservation measures that benefit the community. This subdivision shall not apply to villages; (5)(a) When next amended after January 1, 1995, an identification of sanitary and improvement districts, subdivisions, industrial tracts, commercial tracts, and other discrete developed areas which are or in the future may be appropriate subjects for annexation and (b) a general review of the standards and qualifications that should be met to enable the municipality to undertake annexation of such areas. Failure of the plan toi identify subjects for annexation or to set out standards or qualifications for annexation shall not serve as thel basis for any challenge to the  requirements listed within NRS S1 19-903:  shall bel based upon documented population and economic projections.  highways, and air and other transportation routes and facilities;  and public utilities and services;  and  validity of an annexation ordinance.  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 80 of81    MAPLIJURISDICTION OF THE PLAN  In accordance with NRS $17-1001 (1), the area covered by the Comprehensive Plan includes all lands within the City's Extraterritorial Zoning Jurisdiction (ETJ) displayed in Map 1.1.  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 90f81    MAP 1.1  CITY OF AURORA ZONING JURISDICTION  AVO  CITY LIMITS BOUNDARY ZONING. JURISDICTION BOUNDARY  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN, 2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 10of81    COMMUNITY INPUT  Planning Commission: The creation of the City of Aurora Comprehensive plan was led by the City's Planning Commission. The Aurora Planning Commission consists of nine committed community members are appointed by thel Mayor and responsible for advising the Council on all The members of the Planning Commission consistently attend monthly meetings and are diligent in their service to the. Aurora Community. The members of the Planning Commission that have guided the creation of the 2020 Comprehensive Plan are listed below:  matters to current and future land use development decisions.  Jeff Morris, Chairperson Bruce Ramsour, Vice Chairperson Jeff Bart, Secretary Mark Shaneyfelt Christa Hunnicutt Keith Wasem Cal Strong Ron Elge Wayne Brehm  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 11 of81    Future Land' Use Open House: a draft Future Land Use (FLU) Map was reviewed and revised by the Planning Commission and presented to the community. All members of the community were invited to view the FLU Map either online or in person at an Open House held at City Hall on. January 22, 2020. All property owners within the ETJ received a flyer through direct mail.  TER  JOIN US!  Map touts city's plan Open! house Jan, 22 part of detailed comprehensive plan Creating vision for fumure housing ment a and and busines round Aunoras develp il ocus  ns Jan. Cty mpen! where house local arei invitedso share their thoughts and per- Members afce Aurara ommissk oa planning bave he er. ity with the ument msely: ahiliy, the ad Arora lefrs nning chaiman Commis- af sion, Whens ATe th hoesing, yous come dealing rce and heips people what they knn can expect fom hes thed devekoper ade a) and. Rural Bobbe Plannag Pettitl with based ne i Kear Rule ber and has) ed becn a late orkangs Septem since thuttime fall tos creale roperties nventories Petir nades meport ber ta (ser clared story on Page ing A3) exercise and incarly input and December n provitng, hew wall de funrek lands use haye found tath hast becs PERkZ vhen they lock map olos, their proparty they do haves 603 ay a forward. they the mosti futare important landi uses picce map because map, that, she becomet continued the hast heen Hallt thet future ar an. land 27a atCity es nap display tnom 4-75 achers The om eEin ater othe Lorora ersinns ofthe finure land use willbe nsted to egiser wehsitey prior the fan 22 apent huse  The Auroral Planning Commission has worked with FIVEI RULE toj prepare a The proposed FLU map willl be on display for public viewing and comment on Community residents are invited to view the] proposed FLU: map during an open house (come and go) at City Hall on Wednesday, January AConsultant from FIVERULE willl be available to explain the proposed FLU  proposed Future Land Use (FLU) Map. Wednesdey.anuary 22at City Hall.  PM. 22,2-7P  map and answer questions. A formal presentation of the proposed FLU 5:30-6:00 PM that evening. WHAT IS THE FUTURE land use decisions over the next decade.  will also be Map  from  provided  LAND  USE MAP?  In the Fall of 2019, the City of Aurora contracted with] FIVE RULE Rural update the City's Comprehensive Plan (Plan). The Plan guides the City Council's The map on the back of this flyer is the City's Existing Land Use (ELU) map. The comprehensive: plan process consists of the Council considering what attributes of the ELU map should change and what attributes should remain the same over the next decade. The Council makes these considerations with input from the Community and guidance from the Planning Commission. Those considerations are then represented on a second map, named the Future Land Use (FLU) Map. The FLU Map will be a crucial [decision makingl The Plan serves as baseline guidance for land use decisions while the Ordinance serves as the local law regulating property development within the City of Aurora and its one-mile zoning jurisdiction. While the FLU as the City's Zoning Map, it will guide the City's zoning decisions. Once the Plan is complete, the City Zoning Ordinance will be updated to reflect the Plan.  to Planning  within page Zoning is Mapi not the  the Plan.  same  FIVE LRULEJ RURALS PEANNING  AURORA  Nebraska  CITY OFA AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2 2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 12of81    AURORAC PLAN Futurelandusek Mapo Openk House January22, 2020  Lsk Movat Pott Koll cuc 30A REPAILM SRS  Srcasn FSdA eppfe vE h Dathew Kinr Kelsy Bergun Pat MEAE icciaie 7 sE Re Laifnge thul Dick Kiewer LN Mrs 1u Baye WeZ G  1004 SI& Aurera 01D.RRd Aurora 19-1St 6I9 IS C Au CEAuR 57 an tTioma Conatl 319 Enuler 935 frked Avith Drvpnnt lop TAnay Rey IOE skD  FIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING Citizens offer - Plannerst tor review comments before makingi final decision  Please Sign In! future land  'AURORA use map  on  A total of 22 community members attended the future land use open house. The primary purpose for attending was to gather information regarding the: future implications of having a FLUI Map. Upon completion of the Open House, the Planning Commission organized a committee that makeminor revisions to the final FLU: map.  input city's proposed  cusses  FARM FOR SALE  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 13 of81    DECISION TOl PLAN  By creating and adopting this Comprehensive Plan, the City Council of Aurora is choosing to actively envision, work toward, and create a. healthy and vibrant community that protects its legacy, creates ai thriving community for current residents and preserves the natural and built  environment for future: residents.  Someone: is sitting in the shade today because someone planted a tree a long time ago.  Warren Buffett  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 14of81    Il. GRAND! ISLANDI MSA The primary source of demographic and economic information was provided by the United States Census Bureau. The City of Aurora is located within the Grand Island Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), which includes is shown in Map 2.1 and includes Hall, Hamilton, Howard, and Merrick Counties. Growth trends for similar communities provide insight as to what has taken place regionally and what the city can expectfor regional and local growth. At total of24 communities are included within the Grand Island MSA. For growth analysis, the following fellow GI MSA second-class cities were compared to Aurora:  DOCUMENTED DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC PROJECTIONS  MAP 2.1  GRAND ISLAND METROPOLITAN STATISTICAL AREA  CITYLMTSBOUNDARY ZONING. JURISDICTION! BOUNDARY GRAND ISLANDI MSA COUNTYLINE  Central City; St. Paul; and Wood River.  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN, 2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 150f81    DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS  Since 1990, the City of Aurora has experienced consistent growth in each decade while other cities in the MSA saw slight decreases. Since 2010, Cairo and Aldal both rebounded from a negative growth rate in the 2000s. These villages that will soon be second class cities have experienced a significantly stronger growth rate than the other second class cities in the MSA. According to the American Community Survey, Central City is the only community that has a TABLE2.1 GROWTH RATE, GRAND SLAND MSA SECOND CLASS8 & ALMOST SECOND CLASS CITIES  weaker growth rate than Aurora.  ANNUAL GROWTH RATE, 1990s 0.70% 0.78% 2.26% -0.09% 0.83% 0.12% 0.11%  ANNUAL GROWTH RATE, 2000s 0.68% -0.06% -0.15% 1.04% 0.36% -0.26% 1.14%  ANNUAL GROWTH 2018 RATE, 2010-2018 4,481 0.36% 980 3.11% 758 2.26% 1,444 1.77% 2,451 1.09% 2,893 0.29% 1,020 2.88%  1990 2000 3,810 4,077 733 532 1,156 1,146 2,009 2,176 736  2010 4,355 785 642 1,265 2,255 2,827 829  AURORA CAIRO ALDA WOODRIVER ST. .PAUL DONIPHAN  790 652  CENTRAL CITY 2,868 2,903  744  SOURCE: 190AMD200DACENNAL CENSUS, 2018 AMERICAN COMMUNITYSURVEYI (ACS)  CHARTZIPOPULATION TRENDS GRAND ISLAND MSA 2ND CLASS CITIES  5,000 4,500 4,481 4,355 4,000 4,077 3,810 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500  11990-2000 2010 2018  2,86829032 2,8272,893  2,451 2,176 2,255 2,009  1,444  1,1561,146 ,265  1,020  980  736 744 829  733 790 785  AURORA  CENTRAL CITY  ST.PAUL  WOODI RIVER  DONIPHAN  CAIRO  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 16 of81    Despite experiencing weaker growth rates since 2010, Aurora and the rest of the small cities in the MSA are seeing steady growth with all communities reporting al larger population in 2018  than in 2000. 5,000 4,500 4,000 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500  CHART22HISTORICAL POPULATION GROWTH, AURORA  4,355 4,481  4,077  3,717 3,810  3,180 2,576  2,962 2,630 2,715  2,419 2,455  1,862 1,921  1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2018  In the 2000 Decennial Census, the city reported its highest population to date. The 2018 population estimate provided by the American Community Survey suggests that the City is continuing to grow and will report its largest count yet during the 2020 Decennial Census. School enrollment is important indicator of population growth in a community. The Aurora  Public School District is shown on Map 2.2. Unlike the total population pattern reported for the Aurora Community, enrollment numbers have decreased since 2000 and have only held steady since the 2009/2010 school year.  CHART2.3 AURORA PUBLIC SCHOOLS ENROLLMENT (NE DEPARTMENT OFI EDUCATION)  HIGHSCHOOL MIDDLESCHOOL ELEMENTAR/SCHOOL  1,400 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200 0  670  543  524 281 408 2019/2020 CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  303 348 2000/2001  283 384 2009/2010  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN,2020  Page 17of81    MAP 2.2  AURORA PUBLIC SCHOOLS DISTRICT  U  D0 Jo  5 - la  WIZRD  F  L  105  AURORA PUBLIC SCHOOLSDISTRICT BOUNDARY CITYLIMITS! BOUNDARY ZONNGJURSDICTION. BOUNDARY  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN, 2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 18 of81    Identifying age cohort patterns within aj population group is important in order to understand the community's current needs and also predict future needs and also to help predict future  population.  The tables on the following page support the observations below:  The largest cohorts in the City of Aurora are elementary and middle school aged children In 2012 and 2015, the largest percentage of the population (age cohort) were children aged 5to 9 which preceded the largest age group being children aged 101 to14 in 2018. Normally, the next largest cohort would be adults in their child bearing/rearing years, However, the next largest age cohort in all three represented years was adults  between the ages of 5 and 14.  aged 30-45, which was the third largest cohort in 2012.  aged 50 to 54.  In 2015 and 2018, the largest age cohorts represented are children under the aged 5t to14 The size of the cohort that would include those adults in their child bearing/rearing years Yet, the age cohort that would include adults in their pre-retirement/eary  and adults aged 501 to 64.  (30-44) actually appears tol be shrinking.  retirement years appears to be growing.  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 19of81    CHART 2.4 AGE COHORT CHANGE, 2012-2018  9% 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% 0% FIVE  2012 2015 2018  UNDER 5T09 10TO 15TO 20TO 25T0 30TO 35TO 40TO 45TO 50TO 55TO 60TO 65T0 70TO 75TO 80TO 85+ UNDER 5TO 10TO 15TO 20TO 25T0 30TO 35TO 40T0 45TO 50TO 55TO 60TO 65TO 70TO 75TO 80TO 5 9 14 19 24 29 34 39 44 49 54 59 64 69 74 79 84 2012 6.70% 8.00% 6.70% 5.80% 4.50% 4.70% 5.70% 7.10% 5.40% 6.20% 7.20% 5.70% 5.30% 4.10% 3.90% 4.30% 3.50% 5.00% 2015 5.20% 8.80% 7.10% 6.60% 3.70% 6.20% 5.40% 5.40% 7.00% 5.60% 7.60% 5.90% 5.60% 4.10% 3.30% 6.20% 2.20% 3.90% 2018 6.40% 6.40% 8.10% 5.80% 3.50% 6.20% 5.20% 6.40% 5.60% 5.80% 7.20% 5.20% 6.90% 6.90% 2.70% 5.90% 2.20% 3.70%  14 19 24 29 34 39 44 49 54 59 64 69 74 79 84  ABEZ2GHANGENAGECO-ORL2022152TE  85+  SOURCE: AMERICAN COMMUNITY PVETMAISAI22NKATE  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN, 2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 20 of81    TABLE 2.2 CHANGEI IN AGE COHORT, 2012, 2015, 2018 UNDER 5TO 10TO 15TO 20  25 29  30 34  35TO 40  45 49  50 54  55 59  60 64  5  9  14  19  TO TO TO 39  TO TO TO TO TO  24  44  2012 6.70% 8.00% 6.70% 5.80% 4.50% 4.70% 5.70% 7.10% 5.40% 6.20% 7.20% 5.70% 5.30% 2015 5.20% 8.80% 7.10% 6.60% 3.70% 6.20% 5.40% 5.40% 7.00% 5.60% 7.60% 5.90% 5.60% 2018 6.40% 6.40% 8.10% 5.80% 3.50% 6.20% 5.20% 6.40% 5.60% 5.80% 7.20% 5.20% 6.90% Dataj provided for the population portion of this comprehensive plan document is based upon information provided by the American Community Survey (ACS). The ACS is an ongoing survey that provides the basis of estimates made by the U.S. Census Bureau. The ACSi is largely based upon estimates that are dependent upon the accurate completion and return of surveys sent to U.S. households on a rolling, ongoing basis. Due to its dependency upon estimates,it: is possible Therefore, in addition to the completion of the cohort analysis on the previous page, a population pyramid based upon the ACS's estimation of males and females in Aurora is also provided. The City's leadership must also consider his/her observations that have been experienced in the community in order to decide which population estimating tool best  SOURCE: AMERICAN COMMUNITY SURVEY ESTIMATES:2012, 2015, 2018  for ACS data to present inconsistencies.  represents the population trends in Aurora.  The population pyramid on the following page displays the distribution of the age and gender of the people in Aurora. Females are represented on the left side of the chart and males are on the left. The ideal population pyramid will show the widest populations on thel bottom of the chart Assumptions about the age cohorts in Aurora based upon the population pyramid are stated  then thinning out while moving up the chart, therefore creating a pyramid.  below:  The largest age cohort in 2018 was children aged 10-14: followed by adults aged 60-69.  The third largest cohort was adults aged 50 to 54.  Much like the age cohort tables, adults in their child bearing/rearing years make upa smaller proportion of adults in Aurora than those in their pre/early retirement years. The population pyramid in Aurora does not follow thei ideal shape of pyramid as the  largest cohorts are at the top and bottom of the pyramid.  Itd does match the ideal in that adults aged 70 years and older are the smallest  cohort.  However, adults in the 20s are the next smallest cohort.  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN, 2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 21 of81    CHART 2.5, 2018 POPULATION PYRAMID  85+ 80T084 75T079 70T074 65T069 60T064 55T059 50T054 45T049 40T044 35T039 30T034 25T029 20T024 15T019 10T014 5T09 UNDER5  -5.4%  1.90% 2.40%  FEMALE MALE  -2.1%  -7.0%  4.70%  -3.2%  2.10%  -6.4%  7.30%  -8.3%  5.40% 5.80%  -4.7%  -7.0% 6.1% -6.2%  7.30%  5.40% 5.00%  -4.8%  8.00%  -6.3% -6.1%  4.20%  6.20%  -2.5%  4.50%  -4.6%  7.10% 8.10%  -8.0%  -6.4%  6.50%  -4.8%  8.00%  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN,2 2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 22 of81    The following factors displayed on the: following charts support thej previous two analyses that suggest the proportion of Aurora seeing the most growth is adults nearing and/or entering retirement age: increase in median age;increase in number of families; decrease in household  size; and decrease in family size.  CHART 2.6 CHANGE IN MEDIAN AGE, 2010-2018  42 40 38 5 36 34 32 30  41.3  41.1  40.5  39.5  38.6  38.7  35  1980  1990  2000  2010  2012  2015  2018  CHART2.7 NUMBER OF FAMILIES  1,250 1,200 1,150 1,126 1,100  1,249  1,218  1,161  2010  2012  2014  2016  CHART 2.8 CHANGE IN AVERAGE HOUSEHOLD AND FAMILY: SIZE  3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0  3.34  2010 2012 2014 2016 2.52 2.43  3.07 2.95  2.85  2.77  2.28  AVERAGE FAMILYSIZE  AVERAGE HOUSEHOLD SIZE  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN, 2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 23 of81    POPULATION PROJECTION  The most recent population indicators combined with the 130-year history of Aurora suggest that the City will continue to grow. Aj population projection chart has been prepared under the assumption that the City of Aurora will continue to grow and shrink in the same pattern it has Assuming that the city will continue to grow at the same pace, the line graph below predicts that the city's total population will continue to grow over the next 30 years. From 2020 through 2050, each decennial census count should become a new record population number for Aurora. This projection only considers what has happened in Aurora in the past. Should the city change policies and set different growth goals, the slight growth predicted to take place after from 2020- 2040 could be increased. Either way, the City should continue to: make decisions based upon the  done sO for the past 130 years.  desire to accommodate and sustain its anticipated growth.  CHARTZ9POPULATIOM PROJECTION  5,500 5,000 4,500 4,000 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,862 1,92 1,500 1,000  ACTUAL -o PROJECTED  4,911 4,733  4,533 4,535. 4,355 4,077  3,717 3,810  3,180 2,57  2,962 2,715 2,630  2,419 2,455  1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020-2030-2040-2050  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 24 of81    ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS  Average weekly wage (AWW) measures individual paychecks and provides background on the growth ofi individual earning potential. The AWW figures below include jobs in all industries On average Hamilton County has the highest wages in the area, only second to the statewide average. Wage rates for workers in Merrick and Howard counties are seeing higher growth rates than Hamilton County; Merrick from 2009-2014 and Howard from 2014-2019. These wages may just be "catching up" with Grand Island MSA and Hamilton County in order to compete for labor. The strong growth in wages does suggest that the demand for workers is stronger than the  that are covered by state unemployment insurance.  demand for jobs in this region.  TABLE23AVERAGE WEEKLYWAGE (AWW) COMPARISON  2009 $655 $522 $584  2014 $CHANGE2009-2014 2019 8CHANGE2014-2019  NEBRASKA $757 HAMILTON $682 GIMSA HOWARD MERRICK  $837 $793 $727 $611 $774  11% 16% 11% 17% 33%  $969 $915 $842 $737 $873  16% 15% 16% 21% 13%  SOURCE: NEBRASKA DEPARTMENT OFLABOR, QUARTERLY CENSUS OFI WAGES  CHART 2.10 AVERAGE WEEKLY WAGE COMPARISIONS (NEBRASKA DEPARTMENT OF LABOR)  $969  NEBRASKA  $837 $757 $793  $915  HAMILTON  $682  2019 2014 2009  $842  GIMSA  $727 $655 $737 $611 $522  HOWARD  $873  MERRICK  $774  $584  $0 $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 $800 $900 $1,000  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT! PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 25of81    Household income data provides insight concerning the income potential of the entire family. Household income and home value data presented below is provided by the Business Analyst division of esri ArcGIS. The data is a compilation of information from the U.S. Census and geographic information owned by esri. The 2024 forecasts are provided by esri and based upon The information below compares the increase in household income to the increase in home value. The: median home value appears to be growing far faster than median household incomes. Similar to the suggestion made on the previous page than the demand for labor is Itis likely that a relationship exists between the growing price of] labor and the growing price of  past trends and market predictions.  going unmet, the demand for housing also appears to be going unmet.  homes in the Aurora area.  CHART 2.11 HOUSEHOLD INCOME COMPARED TO HOME VALUE  (esri MARKET PROFILE)  $63,417  2024 (PROJECTED)  $202,431  $57,931  2019  $159,363  $59,898  2017  $130,500  MEDIANHOUSEHOLD INCOME MEDIANH HOME VALUE ----Linear (MEDIAN HOME VALUE)  $52,188  2010  $106,100 $100,000  $0  $50,000  $150,000  $200,000  $250,000  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 26 of81    While income data informs the amount ofe earning potential that residents have, sales tax information provides insight as to the spending power and habits of residents. The net taxable sales for Aurora, Central City, and St. Paul are displayed below. Similar to wages, while Aurora does have a higher amount of taxable sales, it saw a slight decrease from 2016 to 2018 while Central City and St. Paul continued upward and actually saw a slight increase. Due to its impact on the region, Grand Island's net taxable sales are also considered below. Similar to Aurora,  Grand Island also saw a slight decrease from 2016-2018 in taxable sales.  CHART 2.12 CHANGE IN TAXABLE SALES COMPARISON (NEBRASKA DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE)  AURORA -CENTRAL CITY -ST.PAUL $47,052,713  $50,000,000 $45,000,000 $40,000,000 $35,000,000 $30,000,000 $25,000,000 $20,000,000  $49,221,116  $47,093,680  $43,487,802  $34,627,653  $32,116,350  $30,300,632  $28,969,183  $32,423,671  $31,493,775  $29,477,284  $27,322,923.  2012  2014  2016  2018  CHART 2.13 NET TAXABLE SALES, GRAND ISLAND (NEBRASKA DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE)  $1,060,000,000 $7,040,000,000 $7,020,000,000 $1,000,000,000 $980,000,000 $960,000,000 $940,000,000  $1,043,628,024  $7,029,876,322  $1,029,408,013  $977,097,299 2012  2014  2016  2018 CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN,2020  Page 27of81    DEMOGRAPHIC ANDI ECONOMIC PROJECTIONS-KEY: TAKEAWAYS  The following statements summarize the current population patterns in Aurora:  Since 1940, the City of Aurora has experienced sustained growth, with the last population The city's growth rate from 2010 to 2018 (0.36%) was smaller than that of the 1990s  loss recorded in the 1930s.  (0.7%) and the early 2000s (0.68%).  The region as whole is growing as every small city and large village in the Grand Island Aurora appears tol be growing at a slower rate, experiencing a growth rate that was While the population of the City of Aurora is growing, Auroral Public Schools had fewer students enrolled for the 2019/2020 school year than that of 2000/2001. The largest age cohorts are children aged 10-14 years followed by adults in their 50s and 60s. Adults in their 30s and 40s are the: next largest cohort. Aurora's population is projected to continue to grow; however, cohort figures combined with the following observations suggest that Aurora is gaining more: residents in pre-  MSA has sustained or grown population numbers since 2000. behind every other city in the MSA besides Central City.  retirement/early retirement years: increasing median age; increasing number of families; decreasing average family size; and decreasing average household size.  The following statements summarize the current economic state of Aurora:  On average, workers in Hamilton County are paid higher wages than the rest of the Grand The growing price of labor in the entire region suggests that a shortage of labor exists; employers in the region are: most likely being forced to compete for workers. Though household incomes are projected to increase, the median value of homes in Aurora is growing exponentially faster than household incomes. Itis likely that al relationship exists between the growing price of labor and the growing price of homes; workers able to move into the region are most likely struggling to find a Aurora, Central City, and St. Paul all three saw decreases in spending as net taxable sales fell from 2014 to 2016; Central City and St. Paul saw an: increase from 2016 to 2018 while Aurora experienced another slight decrease. Net taxable sales in Grand Island have also  Island MSA counties.  home in Aurora that matches their income.  continued to decrease since 2014.  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN, 2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 28 of81    The City of Aurora has experienced both population and economic growth for thel last two decades. Data does indicate that the City may be losing families with children and that an While incomes and spending in Aurora continue tol be greater than its most comparable regional cities (Central City and St. Paul), economic data suggests that other cities have begun to capture If the City of Aurora does nothing, it should continue to see steady and gradual growth, yet it will most likely see the increase of residents that are past their child bearing/rearing and working years. This assumption is based upon based growth trends and does not consider the impact of neighboring cities' growth trends, which may impact the future growth potential of Aurora as If the City chooses tol be more proactive in affecting the type and amount of growth it wishes to experience in the next decade, it will need to consider policies, projects, and programs that  ongoing, unmet demand for labor and housing will impede future growth.  a greater share of growth in the region than Aurora.  well.  increase the availability of housing and labor.  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 29 of81    III. LAND USE AND ANNEXATION  NRSS19-903  A] land-use element which designates the proposed general distributions, general location, and extent of the uses of land for agriculture, housing, commerce, industry, recreation, education, public buildings and lands, and other categories of public and When next amended after January 1, 1995, an identification of sanitary and improvement districts, subdivisions, industrial tracts, commercial tracts, and other discrete developed areas which are ori in the future may be appropriate subjects for annexation and (b) a general review of the standards and qualifications that should bei met to enable the municipality to undertake annexation of such areas. Failure of the plan to identify subjects for annexation or to set out standards or qualifications for annexation shall not serve as the basis for any challenge to the validity of an annexation ordinance.  private use of land;  EXISTINGLAND USE, CrTY OF AURORA -] BREAKDOWN  Single family residential homes are by far thel largest user of] land in Aurora. When breaking down land uses by parcels, this use accounts for almost 34 of the entire city. Commercial uses and vacant lots are the next two highest users of land by parcels. Though, most vacant lots appear to be platted and ready to become a residential use in the near future as well. When breaking down land uses by number of acres, the proportions of uses are: more spread out. Next to residential single family.goverment. is the next highest user of land followed by vacant  lots and commercial.  TABLE3.1, AURORA CITY EXISTING LAND USE BREAKDOWN  USE  #OF PARCELS %0FTOTAL ACRES %OFTOTAL  RESDENTIAL-SINGLEFAMILY/RES-SF) COMMERCIAL (COMM) VACANTLOT (V-L) RESIDENTIAL-MF (RES-MF) GOVERNMENT (GOVT) NDUSTRIAL (IND) CVCEDUCAIONICHCEDV CVIC-NON-PROFIT (CIVIC-NP) CIVIC-RELIGIOUS (CIVIC-REL)  1,636 219 200 59 51 29 24 22 20 15 2,275  72% 10% 9% 3% 2% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 100%  594.3 174.8 192.7 21.6 230.5 12.1 174.6 43.0 27.0 23.5 1,494.2  40% 12% 13% 1% 15% 1% 12% 3% 2% 2% 100%  RESDENTALMOBLEHOME PARK RES-MOBILE)  TOTAL  SOURCE: FIVE RULELAND USEI INVENTORY, OCTOBER: 2019  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 300 of81    CHART 3.1 AURORA CITY EXISTING LAND USE BREAKDOWN BY PARCELS  (FIVE RULE LAND USE INVENTORY, OCTOBER 2019)  COMMERCIAL (COMM),219,  10%  REMATASMAETAMYEE9,  1,636,72%  VACANTLOT/V4,200, 9%  RESIDENTIAL- MF (RES-MF), 59,2% GOVERNMENT (GOVT),51,2% RESIDENTIAL-MOBILE HOME PARK (RES- MOBILE),29,1% INDUSTRIAL (IND),24, 1% CIVIC-EDUCATION (CIVIC- EDU), 22,1%  CIVIC-RELIGIOUS 1%  (CIVIC-REL),15, CIVICNON-PROFIT  (CIVIC-NP),20,1%  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 31 of81    CHART 3.2 AURORA CITY EXISTING LAND USE BREAKDOWN BY ACRES (FIVE RULEI LAND USEI INVENTORY, OCTOBER 2019)  RESIDENTIAL-MF (RES- MF),21.6,1%  VACANTLOT(VL, 192.7, 13%  COMMERCIAL (COMM), 174.8,12%  GOVERNMENT (GOVT), 230.5,15%  RESIDENTIAL-MOBILE HOMEPARK (RES- MOBILE,12.1,19  INDUSTRIAL (ND),174.6,128  RESIDENTIAL-SNGLE FAMILY( (RES-SF),  594.3,40%  CIVIC- EDUCATION (CIVIC-EDU), 43.0,3% CIVIC-NON- PROFIT (CIVIC- NP),27.0,2%  CIVIC-RELIGIOUS (CIVIC-REL), 23.5,1%  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2020  FIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 32 of81    EXISTINGI LAND USE, AURORA ZONING URISDIETON-REAADON  Al breakdown of thel land uses outside of the City of Aurora, but within the Extraterritorial Zoning Jurisdiction (ETJ): is provided below. The uses are more varied as agriculture is the largest user ofland within the ETJ. It is also interesting to note that vacant lots are the second largest user, Single family residential is the third largest user as another 39: families appear to bel living within the city's ETJzoning jurisdiction. With the exception of the majority of undeveloped land being farmed, single family residential is the dominating user of land within the city and  yet appear to be planned and platted for more: residential uses.  the ETJ.  TABLE3.2, AURORA. ZONING JURISDICTION: EXISTING LAND USE BREAKDOWN  #OFP PARCELS %0FTOTAL #OFACRES %0FTOTAL  AGRICULTURAL VACANTLOT RESIDENTIAL-SINGLEFAMILY COMMERCIAL INDUSTRIAL GOVERNMENT TOTAL  47 40 39 22 17 11 176  27% 23% 22% 13% 10% 6% 100%  4,916.6 108.5 157.5 136.6 57.7 324.4 5,701.3  86% 2% 3% 2% 1% 6% 100%  SOURCE: FIVE RULE LAND USE INVENTORY, OCTOBER. 2019  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 33 of81    CHART 3.3 AURORA CITY EXISTING LAND USE BREAKDOWN BY PARCELS  (FIVE RULE LAND USEI INVENTORY, OCTOBER 2019)  COMMERCIAL,22,128  GOVERNMEI,11,68  AGRICULTURAL47,278  INDUSTRIAL, 17,10%  RESIDENTIAL-SINGLE FAMILY,39,228  VACANTLOT,40,238  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 34 of81    CHART 3.4 AURORA CITY EXISTING LAND USE BREAKDOWN BY ACRES (FIVE RULELAND USEINVENTORY, OCTOBER 2019)  AGRICULTURAL, 4,976.6,86%  COMMERCIAL, 136.6,2% GOVERNMENT, 324.4,6%  VACANT LOT, 108.5..  ESDENTALSNGEFAMLA 157.5,3%  INDUSTRIAL, 57.7,1%  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 350 of81    EXISTING! LAND USE-MAP  Map 3.1 on the following page displays the pattern of uses within the City of Aurora and the one- mile zoning jurisdiction. Map 3.2 displays the condition and status of structures within the City of Aurora; this map is a snapshot in time, documenting the current condition and status of structures and properties on the day that thei inventory was completed in October, 2019. A city is comparable to a living creature, always changing; the status and condition of some structures may. have changed since the day of the inventory. However, the inventory still serves as aguide as to the general condition and occupancy status of the structures within the city.  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 36 of81    MAP 3.1  AURORA ZONING JURISDICTION EXISTING LAND USE MAP  CITYLIMITS BOUNDARY ZONING. JURISDICTION BOUNDARY PUBLICLYOWNED! LANDS &E BUILDINGS EXISTING LANDL USE AGRICULTURAL CMCEDUCATIONAOMPROFI/RELIGIOUS COMMERCIAL INDUSTRIAL RESIDENTIAL MULTIFAMILY RESIDENTAL-MOBILE: HOME RESIDENTIAL SINGLEFAMILY VACANTLOT SECTIONS  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN, 2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 37of81    MAP 3.2 (OCT 2019)  STATUS & CONDITION OF STRUCTURES, AURORA CITY  PACIFIC WEST ETHANOL PLANT PROPERTY  CTVLMTSBOUNDARY STATUS OCCUPIED APPEARS ABANDONED FOR SALE - NOE EVIDENCE OF DAILYUSE CONDITION FAIR/EXCELLENT (3) MAJORI WEARI2) DILAPIDATED()  I-80 INTERCHANGE  I  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTP PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 38 of81    CONDITION AND STATUS OF ALL STRUCTURES  In addition to collecting existing land uses, the condition and occupancy status of structures was also collected when the existing land use: inventory was completed in October, 2019. Concerning the condition of structures, a total of 1,885 structures was counted. Of those  structures, only 10% were rated below fair or excellent.  TABLE3.3 AURORA CITY, CONDITION OF STRUCTURES  CONDITION FAIR TO EXCELLENT MAJOR WEAR DILAPIDATED TOTAL  #OFSTRUCTURES %0FTOTAL  1,700 171 14 1,885  90% 9% 1% 100%  SOURCE: FIVE RULE LAND USE NVENTORY, OCTOBER 2019  When the condition was rated, each structure was given a score based upon its rating; fair to excellent-3, major wear-2; and dilapidated-1. The numbers assigned to each condition assist with determining an overall score for thel building stock condition in Aurora. If each structure had received a rating of 3, the highest overall score. Aurora's overall building stock could have received was 5,655; if each structure had received ai rating of 1, the lowest possible score Aurora's Aurora'sl building stock received a rather high score, only 200 points away from the highest  overall building stock could have received was 1,885.  possible score.  CHART 3.5 CONDITION OF STRUCTURES OVERALL SCORE  (FIVE RULE INVENTORY, OCT 2019)  6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 22,000 1,000 0  5,655  5,456  1,885  HIGHEST POSSIBLE. SCORE  ACTUAL  LOWEST POSSIBLE SCORE  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN, 2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 39 of81    Concerning vacancy, the land use inventory completed in October 2019 counted at total of 81 vacant structures throughout Aurora. Of those 81 structures, 9 appeared to be abandoned (not maintained nor used regularly) and 14 were listed for sale. The remaining 58 structures labeled as vacant appeared tol be maintained (nol broken windows, mowed grass), yet they did not appear  tol be regularly used, suggesting these structures may be under-utilized.  TABLE34AURORACIVA OCCUPANCY STATUSOFALSTRUCTURES  STATUS VACANT FOR: SALE VACANT-APPEARS ABANDONED OCCUPIED  #OFS STRUCTURES %0FTOTAL  14 9 58 1,804  0.78% 0.50% 3.22% 100%  VACANI-MANTAINED, BUT NO EVIDENCE OF REGULAR USE SOURCE: FIVE RULELANDI USEINVENTORY, OCTOBER: 2019  A general rule of community planning is that a vacancy rate of 7% is an acceptable vacancy rate. At the time of the inventory, the City had a vacancy rate of 4.3%, which is extremely low. Less than 1% of the structures counted were listed as for sale; this low percentage of homes for sale suggest that building stock for sale is in high demand. Assuming the majority of structures for sale are: residential, this would relate to thej price of homes far exceeding household incomes in Aurora. This lack of homes for sale thereby supports the previous chapter's key takeaways that  stated that the demand for housing is not currently being met.  CHART3.60 CITY OF AURORA, VACANCY STATUS OF ALL STRUCTURES  (FIVE RULEI INVENTORY, OCT2 2019)  VACANTFORSALE, 14,0.74% VACANT-APPEARS ABANDONED, 9, 0.48%  OCCUPIED, 1,804, 95.70%  VACANT-MANTAINEL, BUT NOEVIDENCE OF REGULARUSE, 58, 3.08%  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTP PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 400 of81    CONDITION. AND STATUS OF RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES  Residential is the largest user of land in Aurora and also appears tol be the land use that is in highest demand. Therefore, the status and condition of existing residential-only structuresi is The housing stock in Aurora is primarily made up of single-family residential homes. Typically, the housing tenure: mix in a community consists of 75% single family and 25% multi-family units. The percentage of multi-family units in Aurora is slightly higher as 36% of the housing  provided below.  units counted in Aurora were classified as multi-family units.  The condition of each type of housing is summarized on the following pages.  CHART 3.7 CITY OF AURORA HOUSING MIX (FIVE RULE LAND USE INVENTORY OCT 2019)  MULTI-FAMILY DWELLINGUNITS, 944,36%  SINGLEFAMILY DWELLING UNITS, 1,633,62%  MOBILEHOME DWELLING UNITS, 68,2%  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 41 of81    Single Family PResidenta-Condition A total of 1,633 SF residential structures were that total count of structures, only 3 were rated  TABLE3.5 SCORING SYSTEM FAIR TOL EXCELLENT MAJOR WEAR  counted when completing the inventory. Out of OVERALL CONDITONESINGLEFAMILYHOMES  3 2 1 1,633 4,899 4,449 294 3 4,746 97%  as dilapidated.  The scoring system for rating the condition of DILAPIDATED total score of 4,899 if every house in Aurora had TOTAL SF DWELLINGS  structures in Aurora would have produced a been rated as Fair to Excellent.  HICHESTPOSSIBLESCORE ACTUAL SCORE FAIR TOL EXCELLENT (1,483x3) MAJOR WEAR (147x2) DILAPIDATED (3x1) TOTAL ACTUAL SCORE SF HOUSING CONDITION GRADI SOURCE: FIVE RULELANDU USEINVENTORY, OCTOBER  The actual score earned by single family homes in Aurora was 4,746; the overall condition of single-family homes in Aurora is very good.  2019  CHART 3.7 CONDITION OF SINGLEI FAMILY HOUSING OVERALL SCORE  (FIVE RULE INVENTORY, OCT2019)  5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0  4,899  4,746  1,366  HIGHEST POSSIBLE SCORE  ACTUAL SCORE  LOWEST POSSIBLE SCORE  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 42 of81    Single Family (SF) Residential-Ocupancy, Status The land use inventory counted a total of 68 37 appearing as though they are not being utilized daily as a home. Twenty-one units were vacant at the time of the inventory yet appeared as though the owners intend to for rent, being remodeled).  TABLE3.6  vacant units, with 5 appearing abandoned and SINGLEFAMILY HOUSING OCCUPANCY  VACANT-NO EVIDENCE OF REGULARUSE VACANT-APPEARS. ABANDONED VACANT-FOR: SALE VACANT-REMODEL OCCUPIED  37 5 14 5 2 1,565 1,628 1,565 63 4.03%  reoccupy the units in the near future (for sale, VACANT-FORI RENT  TOTAL SINGLEFAMLYHOUSING UNITS TOTAL OCCUPIED HOUSING UNITS  The true vacancy rate for single family homes appears tol be closer to 4%; when only inventory or shortly after the inventory's completion (for sale, for rent, being remodeled), the vacancy rate of single-family residential homes is approximately 1%.  considering units available at the time of the TOTAL VACANT UNITS  VACANCY RATE  SOURCE: FIVE RUELAMDLSEINVNTOR, OCTOBER. 2019  CHART 3.8 SINGLE FAMILY RESIDENTIAL, OCCUPANCY STATUS  (FIVE RULE INVENTORY OCT 2019)  OCCUPIED, 1,565, 96.13%  VACANT-NO EVIDENCEO OF REGULARUSE,372278 VACANT-APPEARS ABANDONED, 5, 0.31% VACANT-FORSALE 14, 0.86% VACANTREMODEL,5 0.31%  VACANT-FORA RENT,2, 0.12%  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2 2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 43 of81    Multi-Family (MF) Residential-Condition At total of 944 SF residential units were counted when completing theinventory. Out of that total count of structures, 921 were rated as excellent and the remainder were rated as having major The scoring system for rating the condition of score of 2,832 if every MF unit in Aurora had been  TABLE3.7 SCORING SYSTEM FAIR TO EXCELLENT MAJOR WEAR DILAPIDATED  OVERALL ONOTIONEUTHAMIEYA HOMES  3 2 944 2,832 2,763 46 0 2,809 99%  wear.  structures in Aurora would have produced a total TOTAL MF DWELLINGS  HGHESTPOSSIBLESCORE  rated as Fair to Excellent.  ACTUAL SCORE  The actual score earned by all MF units in Aurora FAIR TO EXCELLENT (921x3)  was 2,809; the overall condition of multi-family units in Aurora is also very good.  MAJOR WEAR (23x2) DILAPIDATED (3x1) TOTAL ACTUAL SCORE MF HOUSING CONDITION GRADE SOURCE: FIVE RULELAND! USE INVENTORY, OCTOBER  2019  CHART 3.8 CONDITION OF MULTI-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL OVERALL SCORE  (FIVE RULEINVENTORY, OCT2019)  3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500  2,832  2,809  944  HIGHEST POSSIBLE: SCORE  ACTUAL SCORE  LOWEST POSSIBLE SCORE  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 44 of81    Multi-Family (MF) Residential-Ocupancy Status  The land use inventory counted a total of 944 units available within 56 separate structures. Similar to the rating method of the SF residential structures, the inventory attempted tol break down the vacancy status. At the time of the inventory, only one structure was classified as vacant with no evidence of daily use. According to thel land use: inventory, every structure but one is currently occupied, thereby creating al MF Residential vacancy rate ofl 1.8%.  Mobile Home (MH) Residental-Condition were occupied by mobile homes.  TABLE3.8  Ai total of 681 MH residential lots were counted OVERALL OMOTIOKEMOBILEHOME RESIDENTIAL UNITS  when completing the inventory; 61 of those lots SCORING SYSTEM The scoring system for rating the condition of MAJOR WEAR  FAIR TO EXCELLENT DILAPIDATED TOTAL MHI DWELLINGS HIGHEST POSSIBLES SCORE ACTUAL SCORE FAIR TOE EXCELLENT (22x3) DILAPIDATED (3x11) TOTAL. ACTUAL SCORE MHI HOUSING CONDITION GRADE  3 2 61 183 66 54 36 156 85.25%  those MH residential units in Aurora would have produced a total score of 81i if every unit in Aurora had been rated as Fair to Excellent. The actual score earned by all MH units in Aurora was 156; while some: mobile homes in Aurora are still well maintained, this type of  housing is by far the poorest quality of housing MAJOR WEAR (12x2)  stock currently in Aurora.  SOURCE: FIVE RULELANDI USE INVENTORY, OCTOBER. 2019  CHART 3.9 CONDITION OF MOBILE HOME RESIDENTIAL OVERALL SCORE  (FIVE RULE INVENTORY, OCT 2019)  200 150 100 50 0  183  156  61  HIGHEST POSSIBLE SCORE  ACTUAL SCORE  LOWESTPOSSIBLE SCORE  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 450 of81    Mobile Home (MH) Residental-Occupancy Status  The land use inventory counted a total of 61 MH units. Similar to the rating method of the SF and MF residential structures, thei inventory attempted to break down the vacancy status. At the time of thei inventory, 2 structures were classified as vacant with no evidence of daily use and 1 structure appeared abandoned, thereby creating a MH Residential vacancy rate of 4.9%.  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 46 of81    FUTURELAND USE MAP  Map 3.3 represents the vision of the Aurora community by illustrating attributes of the existing land use maps that the city would like to change in the next ten years. The city's vision for annexation as well as redevelopment of already incorporated areas is communicated through The Future Land Use (FLU) Map was presented tot the. Aurora community during the open house in. January of 2020. Comments from the community were incorporated into the proposed future land use map. Following the Open House, the Planning Commission was presented with the  the Future Land Use Map.  revised FLU map and voted to approve the map. Future Land' Use Map Policy Statements  The Future Land Use map represents the following goals of the Planning Commission:  In order to sustain current growth rates and support potential future growth rates, the growing need for more. homes must be met. The City's current housing stock is mostly occupied and well maintained. Therefore, if the City is going toi increase housing options  it will have to look mostly to new development.  The need for more varied options based upon incomes and ability to rent/own is also recognized as the City will need to find ways to produce new units that are priced sO that working families are able to afford the monthly costs of housing in  Aurora.  The City envisions residential uses expanding outside of the current corporate boundary and has land reserved for future residential as a: result. The City does envision these residential developments as being neighborhoods, incorporated into the Aurora City boundary and served by the City's infrastructure (streets, water, sanitary sewer). Since the 1990s, Aurora has outpaced the growth rates of several regional cities. In order to continue to grow yet maintain its current high quality of life, the City expects to see Thel I-80 Corridor stretching from the interstate to Aurora proper is prime commercial land. Though it has not begun to reach its potential since being reserved by the 2010 comprehensive planning process, it should continue tol be preserved in anticipation of The Aurora Community prides itself on being al business-friendly environment. As such, itwill continue to reserve space for and support the development ofi industrial lands on  the preservation of some lands for open space and park space.  high-quality development opportunities.  the west side of town.  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN,2 2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 47of81    ACCEPTABLESUB-USES Agriculture Industrial Commercial Residential  Acceptable sub-uses within each land use category are listed as follows.  City of Aurora (Utility/Trash Storage/Landnll/Recyclng, City of Aurora Utilities (Utility/Trash Storage/Landhll/Recycling)  Civic Uses Religious/Educational) Civic Uses Religious/Pducational,  City of Aurora Omcelbiary/Communiy Center)  City of Aurora Office/Library/Community Center/Park space)  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 48 of81    MAP 3.3  AURORA ZONING JURISDICTION FUTURE LAND USE MAP  CITYLIMITS BOUNDARY ZONING JURISDICTION BOUNDARY FUTURE LANDUSE AGRICULTURAL GENERAL COMMERCIAL -800 COMMERCIAL INDUSTRIAL OPENS SPACE PARK RESIDENTIAL RESIDENTIAL MOBILE HOME ONLY RESIDENTIAL SINGLEF FAMILY ONLY PUBLIGLYOWNED! LANDS &BUILDINGS  SECTIONS  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN, 2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 49 of81    IV. TRANSPORTATION ROUTES. AND FACILITIES  NRSS19-903  The general location, character, and extent of existing and proposed major roads, streets,  and highways, and air and other transportation routes and facilities;  TRANSPORTATION. ROUTES are displayed on Map 4.1:  The City of Aurora transportation routes consists of several surface transportation assets that  Interstate highway system State highway system Burlington Northern rail system Collector streets Local streets Local sidewalk system City trail system  The major routes thati impact Aurora are Interstate 80, U.S. Highway 34 (Q Street), and State Highway 14 (16th Street). Those major highways serve as arterial streets; streets that carry people into and out of the City. The city is also served by a small group of collector streets, which deliver residents and visitors to local streets. The remainder of streets in Aurora are classified as local streets that deliver residents and visitors directly to their homes or destinations. Map 4.2 displays the City's Major Street Plan, which provides guidance on required  setbacks along certain routes within the City's zoning jurisdiction.  Major Economic Development Routes  Although not a part of the city's street system, the Burlington Northern rail system also serves the industrial and commercial uses in the City. The economic development potential of the City is significantly improved due toi its location along numerous national transportation routes. Protecting these corridors by preserving open lands for important opportunities and also regulating the visual appearance of existing uses along these corridors in important to ensuring  these economic development assets remain strong.  Collector Street System  Very few collector streets exist north of Highway 34. This is due to the manner in which the city's parks and housing have developed. This development pattern has created nice neighborhoods that are undoubtedly enjoyed by local residents. However, continuing to allow the street system to develop without a sufficient amount of through streets will impact the city's ability to continue to develop. Preservation of Right of Way (ROW) must be a consideration when reviewing future residential and commercial plats. This is especially true ini northern Aurora where expanded residential development is envisioned by the Future Land Use Map.  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN,2 2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 500 of81    MAP 4.1  MAIN TRANSPORTATION ROUTES  MALO  CITYLMTSBOUNDARY ZONING. JURISDICTION BOUNDARY TRAILS BURLINGTON NORTHERN RR ROUTE CLASSIFICATION ARTERIAL COLLECTOR LOCAL  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTPIAN2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 51 of81    MAP 4.2  MAJOR STREET PLAN  PNAYE AG  CITYUMTSBOUNDARY ZONING JURISDICTION BOUNDARY MAJOR ARTERIAL STREET (UNRESTRICTED RIGHT OFV WAY) MAJOR ARTERIAL STREET (RESTRICTED! RIGHT OF WAY) MINOR ARTERIAL STREET COLLECTORSTREET  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN,2 2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 52 of81    STREET CONDITION  Map 4.3 on the following page displays the material and condition of Aurora's streets. This information was recorded during the land use inventory, completed in October 2019. Aurora's street system consists mainly of concrete, asphalt, and brick (other) streets. The streets near the core of the City (Downtown Aurora) and along the railroad were: in worse The one-and six-year street plan was formally a requirement by NDOT to ensure municipalities are adequately planning the funding and completion of street improvements and to encourage local governments to plan ahead. The City of Aurora is required to update their plan every year by Council Resolution. Street projects that the City is most interested in completing are on this The City's current one-and six-year plan was prepared by. JEO Consulting Group in the fall of 2019. Projects appearing on this plan are priorities for the City. Several of the street lengths that  condition than those in greater Aurora.  plan.  were: rated as poor also appear on the one-and-six-year plan.  AURORA, NEBRASKA ONE AND: SIX YEAR PLAN FISCAL YEAR 19/20-24/25  ts(FY18/19) Project! Street Oney Project# M-126-4193) Matsonst. North SixYearP Plan- Fiscal Year2 2020/2021 Project" Street lame Start M-126-(192) AdamsStreet Grants Street GrantStreet Adamss Street Corporate M-126-(176) M-126-184)  CityofAurora Length(mi) FinalCost CityofAurora Length(mi) Est.Cost -126 0.1 100,000 (176)/ CityofAurora Lengthimi) Est.Cost 0.1 50,000 280,000 02 400,000 03 0.1 120,000 0.5 750,000 05 02 0.1 0.1 0.3 350,000  End FiscalYear 2019/2020 rojects (October st Start nd  Descriptiono ofWork Oth) Descriptionofv  Concrete, Grading  30th) Nork  Limits 1,000's south  LincoinAve Highway34 ofHighway Concrete, Grading.s Storms Sewer,E ErosionControl Matson IndustrialAve Highway34 500'S Southof Culdesac Concrete, Grading.s Stormse Sewer,B Erosion Control M-126-181) CraigSireet JenniferR RoadTerryRoad Concrete, Grading.s Storms Sewer, Erosionc Control M-126-(179) Road IstStreet gthStreet Concrete, Grading. Storms Sewer, Erosionc Control M-126-(180) TerryR Road IstStreet gthStreet Concrete, Grading. Storms Sewer, Erosionc Control M-126-182) 9ths Street RStreet TerryRoad Concrete, Grading.s Storms Sewer,E Erosionc Control M-126-(185) EStreet Sths Street gthStreet Concrete. Grading.s Storms Sewer,E Erosionc Control M-126-(186) CStreet Sths Street 9thStreet Concrete, Grading.s Storms Sewer,E Erosionc Control M-126-187) 8thStreet AStreet RailroadAve Concrete, Grading.s Storms Sewer,E Erosion Control.  NATIONALR  IYEARPLAN 6YEARPLAN BY: TJR AURORA REVISEDO ON:A AUG27,2019  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 53 of81    MAP 4.3  AURORA STREETS MATERIAL & CONDITION  CITY LIMITSE BOUNDARY STREET CONDITION GOOD SATISFACTORY SOME MAINTENANCE NEEDED POORAEPARAEPLACENON STREETMATERIAL ASPHALT CONCRETE GRAVEL OTHER AIRLNGTONNORIMERAR  PACIFIC WEST ETHANOL PLANT PROPERTY  I-80 INTERCHANGE    CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTPIAN2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 54 of81    SIDEWALK CONDITION  Map 4.4 displays the overall condition and presence of sidewalks throughout the main portion The center of the City as well as the oldest neighborhoods in Aurora have the most consistent and maintained sidewalk system. Newer neighborhoods have been mostly developed without any sidewalk system. Iti is likely that pedestrians and vehicles in Aurora are accustomed to  of Aurora, where sidewalks are: most likely to be needed and safely utilized.  sharing the road, which would be the city street. TRAIL SYSTEM! EXPANSION ISIDEWALK SYSTEM! IMPROVEMENT  Due to the lack of sidewalks in those neighborhoods north of Highway 34, the trail system is especially important to connecting residents to the city's amenities such as Streeter Park, the  aquatic center, and the soccer and' ball fields.  TRAIL CONNECTIONATAQUATICCENTER  TRAIL SYSTEM NORTH OF HIGHWAY34  127H STREET SIDEWALK (MOSTLYINTACT)  SPORTS FIELDS  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 55of81    MAP 4.4  AURORA SDEWALKS-PRESENCE & CONDITION    SIDEWALK CONDITION GOOD  SAISFACTORF-SOME MANTENANCENEEDED VORAEPARAEPACENON NOSDEMALKPRESENT TRAILS BURLINGTON NORTHERN RR  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN,2 2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 56 of81    Aurora Municipal Airport  Commercial air service is not available in Aurora. The nearest commercial air service is available in Grand Island, 20 miles to the west and Lincoln, 70 miles to the east.  The City is served by al municipal airfield, which is displayed on Map 4.5 and provides service to small aircraft. The airport, located just north of the urban area of the City, provides a 4,300 by 70 foot hard-surfaced and lighted runway with a 200: foot grass overrun, a parallel taxiway, lighted wind tree, radio beacon, hanger space for 28 aircraft and a newly installed Precision Approach Path Indicator (PAPI) system. Services include major and minor aircraft repairs, courtesy car, Unicom/common traffic advisory frequency,fuel,; rest rooms and a flight planning area with The continued functionality and safety at the airport are partially protected by airport hazard zoning regulations which provide a structure and building height limitations within 31 miles of the airport. Such regulations are incorporated into the City's zoning regulations and will The Nebraska Department of Acronautic-Engineering Division has provided an Airport Zoning Map that is on file with the City of Aurora. The Airport Zoning Map is consulted for every zoning  weather observation/prediction capabilities.  continue to be considered and enforced.  and building action with the 3 miles surrounding the airport.  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTP PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 57of81    MAP 4.5  AURORA MUNICIPAL AIRPORT  MPADY  CITYL LIMITS BOUNDARY ZONING JURISDICTION BOUNDARY AURORA AIRPORTAUTHORITY  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN, 2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 58 of81    TRANSPORTATIONROUTES. ANDFACILITIES- KEYTAKEAWAYS  The city's primary routes are local streets and sidewalks. Major routes that connect the city to  other cities are state and US transportation routes.  Economic Development Routes  The City of Aurora is fortunate to be located along an interstate highway, U.S. Highway, Nebraska State Highway and active rail line. The uses along these corridors need to make the most of these opportunities. When considering zoning permit applications and development opportunities, three key factors must be taken into consideration: 1) the highest and best use of the land; 2) ease of access into and out of Aurora; and 3) the appearance of properties along these important corridors and the message it delivers to travelers passing through Aurora. Original Town Aurora and subsequent developments were constructed on a through street grid system. More recent developments, especially residential neighborhoods, have developed in a pattern that has not left very much room for through streets and thus ongoing development. Neighborhoods developed on a grid street system dramatically improve the possibility of continued development beyond the neighborhood currently being constructed. The ability to add residential neighborhoods is currently crucial to Aurora's ongoing growth. As such, the City will need to balance the desire to have homes on cul de sacs and its need to develop in a  Collector/Through Streets  connected and sustainable manner. Sidewalks and Trails  The sidewalk system in northern Aurora is inconsistent; few sidewalks are in good condition and many neighborhoods have no sidewalks. Since the City adopted its comprehensive plan and zoning regulations in 2010, the zoning permitting process has required the installation of The City is off to a good start with its trail system development. The next step for the trail system should consist of connecting to an established sidewalk artery on the south side of Highway 34. That established sidewalk system could be widened and improved, thereby expanding the overall trail system and improving pedestrian transportation options. Should the City decide that sidewalks are a priority for new and current residents, it could take 1. Determine the most important north/south and east/west arteries for pedestrians to move safely around Aurora and take actions along those routes to improve the safety and 2. Continue to develop the trail system to the south, utilizing the existing sidewalk system; identify those sidewalks that could be part of the trail system and improve only those [already existingl sidewalks with expanded widths and improved surfaces.  sidewalks. This requirement should continue with this update.  these steps toward improving the consistency of its sidewalk system:  overall experience for pedestrians.  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN,2 2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 59 of81    3. Continue to require the installation of sidewalks for any new construction project within residential and commercial districts. This would not include thel I-80 commercial  district.  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 60 of81    V. NRSS19-903  PRESENTED AND PROJECTED COMMUNITY FACILITIES  The general location, type, capacity, and area served of present and projected or needed community facilities including recreation facilities, schools, libraries, other public  buildings, and public utilities and services.  PUBLIC WATER SYSTEM  The source of domestic water: for the City of Aurora is ground water, which is water that is found According to the City Public works department, the City's water system covers almost 2,000 acres and consists of 55 miles of water mains ranging from 2"to 16" in diameter. Approximately, 2,229 separate connections serve the community. The city water supply is provided by wells A total of7 wells supply the City to pump an average of 790,000 gallons of water per day as of 2019. The City's oldest well was constructed in 1956, while the newest well was constructed as recently as 2018. Despite the increase in the number of wells available and the increasing city population, the amount of water demanded by the City dramatically decreased in 2019. This was most likely due to the unseasonably wet year that 2019 was for South Central Nebraska and the  beneath the earth's surface that supplies wells and springs.  and a 300,000-gallon water tower that was constructed in 1956.  majority of the Midwest experienced in 2019.  ANNUAL GALLONS PUMPED (CITY OF AURORA, PUBLIC WORKS)  360,000,000 350,000,000 340,000,000 330,000,000 320,000,000 370,000,000 300,000,000 290,000,000 280,000,000 270,000,000  2015  2016  2017  2018  2019  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN, 2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 61 of81    DAILY AVERAGE, GALLONS PUMPED (CITY OF AURORA, PUBLIC WORKS)  1,000,000 900,000 800,000 700,000 600,000 500,000 400,000 300,000 200,000  2015  2016  2017  2018  2019  The City of Aurora complies with Nebraska Department Health and Human Services  requirements and provides water quality reports to its residents. quality issues caused by high nitrates and chloroform.  Not unlike several communities in Nebraska, the City has taken steps to address common water  According to the 2019 City ofAurora report displayed on taken in the steps to comply with the Nebraska Safe Drinking Water Act. Although, the City had no violations in 2019, the city will continue to test and report on its water quality annually.  TEST RESULTS MCL Trigger 0.174- 1.44 ppm 1.3 0.525- ppb 15 0.23 5.96  Dater Printed: 3/20/2020 MCLG Likely Source Contamination Violations esent Naturally Erosiono afnaturald deposits; Leachingfromw woodpreservatives; Corrosionof Erosiono deposts; Leachingtromw woodpreservatives Corrosionof  NE3100101 No  Microblological Highest No. Positive positive COPPER, FREE 2017-2019 1.23 2017- 2019 231 Regulatedc Contaminants Date ARSENIC BARIUM CHROMIUM FLUORIDE SELENIUM COMBINED RADIUM-228 Unregulatedy Water QualityData SULFATE  this page, the City has LeadandCopper Monitoring Period 90"Percentile Range Unit AL Sites OverAL Likely Source orContamination  past LEAD  Range Unit MCL MCLG Likelys Source orContamination  12/22010 5.0€ 5.19- ppb 10 o Erosiono ofnaturald deposits; runofff fromo orchards; runoffr fromgl glasse andel electronics 7/8/2019 0.166 -0.166 0.0895 ppm 2 2 Dischargef fromd dillingwastes: Dischargefr fromm refineries; Erosion ofnatural 7/8/2019 0.802 0.802 ppb 100 100 Dischargef froms steela andpupmills; Erosion ofnaturald deposts. 10/7/2019 0.466 0.466 ppm 4 4 discharge. Erosiono deposits; watera adaitive whichp promatess strongteeth;F Fertilizer 7/82019 5.66 5.66 3.53 ppb 50 50 Erosion ofnaturald deposits  productiony wastes.  NITRATE-NITRITE 1/8/2019 10 1-10 ppm 10 10 deposits Runoffromfe fertilizer use; Leachingf froms septict tanks, sewage; Erosiono ofnatural  Radiological Contaminants Collection Date Highest Value Range Unit MCL MCLG Likelys Source orContamination  COMBINEDR 228) RADIUM-2268- 10/15/2019 0.736 0.736 pan RADONEU GROSSALPHAE EXCL. 18/2019 1.95 1.95 pCL 15 0 RADONEU GROSSA ALPHA INCL. 6272019 6.95 4.05- 6.95 pCML  Erosiono dfnaturald deposits 1/82019 2.49 2.49 pCM Erosion ofnaturald deposits d'naturald deposits Erosiono ofnaturald deposits 10/15/2019 0736 0.736 Erosion Date HighestValue Unit SecondaryMCL mg. 250 thebelownoted ing water regulations. Category Analyte CompllanceP Period Yearof2019 Dinkinaweteracts ourv waters system. ompleted. other, potentialty harmful, butions indica then needtolookf forp Whenthisoccurs, roblems andtocorrectar anvproblemstt thatw weref EPA's standardfora arsenic, itdoesc tainlowl levels standardhalancast thec lingafarsenic'sy possible effectsa otherp Coliforms  CAmaw followings actionst tereturntos compliances withthe  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN, 2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 62 of81    The State of Nebraska also encourages public water supply systems to implement a Wellhead Protection Plan meant toj protect public drinking water supply wells from contamination. The City of Aurora has had a Wellhead Protection Plan on file with the Upper Big Blue NRD since February, 2016. As wells are added the City will need to continue to update that plan in order to  protect its supply. SANITARY SEWER  The City's sanitary sewer system covers roughly 2,000 acres, consisting of: almost 45 miles of sewer: mains ranging from 4"1 to 24" in diameter; four lift stations; and approximately 7,500 lineal foot of 8" force main. The collection system currently carries an average load of 920,000 gallons of wastewater per day from 2,090 connections. The sewage: is delivered to the city's wastewater treatment plant, which processes approximately 337: million gallons of waste per year. The wastewater plant was originally constructed in 1995. In 2012, the city completed a $2.8 million expansion. According to the City of Aurora, the Plant has four 360,000-gallon aerobic digesters and dewaters by using a 2.1-meter Ashbrook belt press. The Plant produces 700 tons ofl biosolids each year that are stored on site until land applied each spring and fall. The City also has al 14-acre facultative lagoon that can be used to divert flow during maintenance and In 2017, the City added a 480kW solar array at thej plant. The project is designed to offset 84% of  allow for additional capacity. the plant's electricity cost.  AURORA WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT, JUNE2020  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT! PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL  Page 63 of81    PARKS  The. Aurora Community enjoys an expansive park system that provides several amenities to its residents. The City of Aurora owns some recreational facilities while local community groups The City owns four parks that serve. local neighborhoods as well as the community: Streeter Ballfields are also provided at Mitchell Field, Edgerton Field, and Optimist Fields on the south side of Aurora and Lions Fields as well as the softball complex, which is ai four-plex of ball Streeter Park provides the majority of recreational amenities as it is thel location of the City's recently added soccer fields and tennis courts. The aquatic center is also located at Streeter In 2017, a dog park was added to the community as the result of a partnership between al local non-profit, Aurora Dog Park, Inc. and the City of Aurora. While the Aurora Dog Park, Inc. continues to invest in the park, the Aurora Dog Park is maintained by the City of Aurora Parks and Recreation Department. The park is located on the east side of Aurora, northeast of Poco  own other facilities.  Park, Refshauge Park, Cole Park, and Lincoln Creek Park.  diamonds on the north side of Aurora.  Park.  Creek Golf Course.  AURORA DOG PARK, JUNE. 2020  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2 2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 64 of81    Access to] parks  Map 5.1 on the following page: includes a V1 mile buffer around each of the four neighborhood parks. These four] parks are displayed with a buffer because they are the most likely to provide basic park amenities that any resident in Aurora could use. Based on the map provided, neighborhoods on the northeast corner and west/southwest corner of Aurora do not live within If the City follows its Future Land Use plan and continues to add residential developments to the north sides of town, more park space should be prioritized. It should also be noted that Lincoln Creek Park is currently less than 1 acre. Ift this park is intended to serve future residential developments to the northwest side of Aurora, this park should be expanded or more park space  Vr mile of a park.  should be added on the northwest side of Aurora.  Amount of park space  As a general guide the. American Planning Association recommends that a community have two acres of park space for every 100 residents. With a population of approximately 4,500 the Aurora  community should have 50 acres of] park space.  PARK  TOTAL AREA (ACRES)  Streeter Park Lincoln Creek Park Refshauge Park Cole Park  32 .22 8 4 44.22 50 -5.78  Total acres of park space in Aurora Recommended amount of park space Current shortage of park space  Based upon this recommendation, the City currently has a shortage of 5.78 acres. Because the majority of park space is accounted for in Streeter Park, it is likely that the park space shortage  is actually greater than 5.78 acres.  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 650 of81    MAP 5.1 AURORA CITY PARKS  CTYLIMTSBOUNDARY TRAILS CITYPARKS COLEPARK COLEPARK 1/21 MILEBUFFER LINCOLNG GREEKPARK LINCOLN CREEK1 1/2MILEB BUFFER POCKETH PARK REFSHAUGEPARK REFSHAUGE PARK 1/21 MILEB BUFFER STREETERPARK STREETERPARK 1/2 MILEBUFFER  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 66 of81    CULTURALFACILITES, PUBLIC BUILDINGS, AND SERVICES  Ac combination of publicly owned lands, buildings, and utility structures are scattered across the city (see next page). Thought, the majority of land owned by the city is open space for parks and  the city cemetery.  Buildings owned by the City include:  City Hall City Shop Building Parks and Recreation Storage Building Law Enforcement Center Aurora Volunteer Fire Department Alice M. Farrl Library Aurora Cemetery  City Hall  The offices of the Mayor, City Administrator, Public Works Director, City Clerk, and other support staff arel located within this building. The Council Chambers and NPPD payment center are also housed in this building. City Hall was constructed in 2002 and is in excellent condition.  AURORA CITYHALL, JUNE. 2020  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 67of81    City Shop Building  The City Shop Building, located south of the downtown on JS Street is a concrete building that was rated in good condition in 2010. Within the 2010 Comprehensive Plan, it was stated that this building is in need of expansion. There has been no change to this building's status since 2010. The 2010 Plan also stated that the expansion of the City Shop Building would be: in addition to maintaining the use of the Parks and Recreation storage building, which is located: fourl blocks west of the City Shop Building. There has been no change to this building's status since 2010. The City Law Enforcement Center is located houses the Aurora City Police Department, Hamilton County Sheriff, and provides operational space for the Nebraska State Patrol. LAW ENFORCEMENT CENTER, COURTESY OF CITVOFAURORA.ORG, JUNE2 2020  Parks and Recreation Storage Building  Law Enforcement Center  Since 2010, the LEC building has undergone several improvements, to include:  adding a more secure patron entrance; adding men's and women's restrooms;  increasing workspace for several tasks to include reporting, meeting, nterviewing/investigating, and performing administrative tasks; and updating technology and video visitation resources.  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 68 of81    Aurora Volunteer Fire Department  The. Aurora Volunteer Fire Department building is located across the street from City Hall and houses equipment and vehicles for the Aurora Volunteer Firel Department and the. Aurora Rural Fire District. Recently a storage building was added to the campus, immediately toi the East of As a result of a Feasibility Study for a City Operated, Fire Based EMS Service, the City of Aurora isi moving forward on upgrading this facility to house full time emergency response personnel  the fire department building.  and equipment.  SASWRR  AURORA VOLUNTEER FIRE DEPT., JUNE2020  AURORA MOLUNITEER FREDEPT  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 69 of81    Alicel M. Farrl Library  The. Alice M. FarrLibrary was constructed in 1990. In addition tol housing over 42,000 loanable volumes and periodicals, the building provides space for meetings and adult education classes. Since 2010, the Library has had a roof and A/C unit replaced. The facility continues tol be in good condition and as it surpasses its 30th birthday, its need for maintenance upgrades will continue  to grow and should be planned for accordingly. ALICE M. FARR LIBRARY, JUNE 2020  Aurora City Waste Site The. Aurora City Waste Site is owned by the City of Aurora. The City accepts most solid waste to include compost, brush, metal, and most household goods. Ar recycling site is also available for residents within the City, located at corner of  16th and F.  CITY WASTE SITE, COURTESY OF CITYOFAURORA.ORG, JUNE2 2020  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN, 2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 70 of81    Aurora Cemetery  The. Aurora Cemetery is located along State Highway 14, one mile north of the city. The cemetery is 40 acres in total area and has 22,000 burial sites. The cemetery originated in 1877 when land was purchased from the Union Pacific Railroad. The cemetery is well maintained by the city's Cemetery staff. A protected informational kiosk was added to the cemetery in 2018, along with aj parking lot and upgrades to the cemetery office and AURORA CEMETERY, JUNE. 2020  AURORA CEMETERY KIOSK, JUNE. 2020  grounds.  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 71 of81    ADDITIONAL CITY SERVICES  The following services are also provided to the residents of Aurora:  Police Protection: The. Aurora Police Department is made up of nine police officers, an animal Firel Protection: According to information provided by the City Fire Chief, Tom Cox, the City of Aurora Volunteer Fire Department currently provides fire services to the residents, visitors, and businesses of Aurora. The fire department also provides public safety programs, building safety The fire department consists of 32 members that are all volunteer and are led by officers of the department, which include a Fire Chief, Deputy Chief, and a' Training Officer. Every member of the department is professionally trained and meets/exceeds all minimum training requirements to] perform various functions of fire and other types of emergencies. The department also belongs to the Hamilton County Rural Fire District and has al mutual aid agreement with all Emergency Services: Beginning June 1, 2020, the Hamilton County/City of Aurora fire-based emergency medical services are owned and operated by the City of Aurora. The service is staffed by full time emergency response personnel and responds to all calls in Hamilton County. Solid Waste Disposal: In addition to providing water and sanitary sewer services to residents, the City of Aurora provides solid waste pick up services to residents. Mid-Nebraska Disposal provides trash pick up services and transports the waste tol back to Grand Island. Mid-Nebraska Recycling Services: The City also coordinates curbside recycling services currently offered by Mid-Nebraska Disposal. A recycling site, located at 16th and F, that accepts aluminum, cardboard, tin, plastic, and newspaper is also made available by the City to its residents. The Auroral Lion's Club and the local chapter of Habitat for Humanity also recycle one or more of  control officer, and an administrative assistant.  inspections, and emergency management and communications.  neighboring communities.  also transports waste deposited at the City Waste Site back to Grand Island.  aluminum cans and newspaper.  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 72 of81    PRESENT. ANDI PROJECTED COMMUNITY. FACILITIES-KEY TAKEAWAYS  The City of Aurora provides a high quality of life for its residents and prioritizes maintenance of its utilities, facilities, and amenities. As such, local residents have access to many recreational opportunities that most small cities are: not ablei to offer. As the region continues to add population and the city continues to grow, the City Council will also need to continue to address the expansion of community facilities and services. Therefore, the maintenance and expansion  of community services and amenities will remain aj priority.  Growth Preparedness  The Public Works Department's planning and investment in its water and sanitary sewer infrastructure have put the City is a position to support ongoing residential growth. This will assist with efforts to accommodate the demand for housing that was cited in Chapter 2 of this  document. Park Space  As the city grows over the next decade the demand for better access to park space will grow as well. According to the APAsrecommended standards, the City has a shortage of available park space based upon current population counts. Therefore, additional park space should be a consideration when reviewing any potential plat for a new. housing subdivision. While the Aurora community is fortunate to enjoy numerous recreational assets, access to ample park space is not currently equitable for all residents based upon the location of their  residence.  City/County Emergency Services  As the City of Aurora and Hamilton County governments continue to coordinate law enforcement, emergency medical response, and emergency management services, the need for space to. house personnel and equipment will need to continue tol be accommodated by the City of Aurora. Centralization of emergency management assets will be important to maintaining and improving the efficiency and quality of emergency response and management services. Therefore, these agencies should continue tol be housed within the City of Aurora, as such, the City should continue to make building construction and improvement decisions with this  responsibility in mind.  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 73 of81    VI. ENERGY ELEMENT NRSS19-903  When ai new comprehensive plan or a full update to an existing comprehensive plan is developed on or after July 15, 2010, but not later than January 1,2015, an energy element which: Assesses energy infrastructure and energy use by sector,i including residential, commercial, and industrial sectors; evaluates utilization of renewable energy sources; and promotes energy conservation measures thatl benefit the community.  ENERGY PRODUCTION. AND CONSUMPTION) INI NEBRASKA  According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration, the industrial sector is the largest consumer of energy in Nebraska. Agricultural and food processing activities are considered a part of the industrial sector, which groups Nebraska within the top ten energy consumers in the country. The primary users of land within Aurora are also residential, commercial, and  industrial.  CHART 6.1 NEBRASKA ENERGY CONSUMPTION BY SECTOR (ENERGY INFORMATION ADMINISTRATION, 2017)  RESIDENTIAL, 17%  NDUSTRIAL, 45%  TRANSPORIATION.238  COMMERCIAL, 15%  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT! PLAN,2 2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 74 of81    As shown on the Cart 6.2 the top three sources of energy for Nebraska consumers, businesses  and producers is electricity,natural gas, and biofuels. ENERGY PRODUCTION. AND CONSUMPTION: IN AURORA  The primary sources of energy for residents and businesses in Aurora are provided by Nebraska  Public Power District (electricity) and Northwestern Energy (natural gas).  Nebraskal Public Power District (NPPD)  NPPD's primary sources of energy are coal, nuclear, and wind generation. Wind power generation has grown as a source of energy and should continue to grow. The demand for wind  power could impact the city within its zoning jurisdiction.  CHART 6.2, NPPD'S SHARE OF ENERGY RESOURCES (2018)  (NPPD)  COAL 36%  WIND 9% HYDRO 3% GAS/OIL 3%  PURCASES 7%  RETAIL 1%  NUCLEAR 41%  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN,2 2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 750 of81    The City of Aurorai receives an energy credit each year based upon the energy saving realized by the solar field installed at the city's wastewater treatment plant in 2012. NPPD offers a series of EnergyWise programs that can assist residents, businesses, and producers in Aurora to  conserve energy and cut costs.  ENERGYWISE" Del less spend sess Domon  2019 EnergyWise" Programs Abrief summary ofo curentp programst for 2019isp provdedbelow. Contact) your locale electricu uiny Variable Frequency Drives forn more program detalis ass some stipulations andn restrictons apply HighE Ericioncy HoatF Pumps Residensal customers wtoir instal ahigh efticiency heat pump, (minimums 155 SEER 8BSHSPF) are elgible for: ani incentive of $3000 to $2,500, depending ont thes eflipency. Or cusiomers can Commerciall HVAC customer toreceivet therk incentve. Lowl Interest Loan Program customerst tor receiye a15 loanf fors selected technologies. In coardnationy wtht thev wholesale uainy workingg groups. highe efticiency heat pumpsv weres selecteds tos quaify fort thep program Atticl Insulation ofinsulationt tot their ancs space. Maxmum incentive amounti is $300p perc dweling. Smart Thermostat thermostals mustbell listedo on heE ENERGY STARV webste. Cooling System Tune Up system tuned upby anHVAC contractor. Electric Vehicle Charging Station Heat Pumpv Water Heater Lighting- Prescriptive and Custom Black Hills Energy  Commercial andi industrialc customers can reoeve ani incentivet toinstally vanable hrequency drives (VFDs) on centritugal fans andp pumps. The incentve $30per honsepower far VFDS troms 10200 horsepower, operating mnimum of 2000 hours annually.  choose alow interestk loan (currently at 1.56 inleresty through the Nebraskal Energy Oftice. The incentves arep providedtpo commercial: andindustrial customersfork instalinghigh elficiencyl HVAC instaling contractor is requied to complete a peiformance. vertication dest in orer for the equipment vaa a presaipave program where thei incentive is calculated based on thes spocific NPPDhasi investeda atotala afs1. 000,0 000s since? 2000 intot the NebraskaE Energy Olice's Dollar and incentves arep provideds to commercial andi industrial cuslomers for improvingt thes eliciencyo of  eticiencyi improvement. HVAC System Optimization Industrial Process Incentive VFDonanew ore cxsting.comer; pivot system Custom Irrigation bor modfications leadings to elticiency improvements. Agricultural! Efficiency operations. incentives ranget trom $40105 s80per mat  Energy Savings Loan Program. This investnent alloed NPPD'S wholesale utiaties andr retal there existing heating. cooling. andi vennlatng systoms. Residenbal customers who have 6 or less of attic insuiation andh have electe heatings systers Irrigation Comer Pivot (VFD)  Incentves arep provideda to industrial customerst for mproving the ethoencys af theirp processes  aree eligbie for ank incenbve ofS.15p pers squaret foot ifmey adda at leaste 6. or an addnonal R19 AS12 per rated variable frequency drve (VFD) horsepower is avalable fort thek installation ofa Residentald customers cann receive uptos $1003 tori instalinga quallying smarts hemmostat. Smart Customers canreceive reimbursementiora as system etticiency lesto ont theri imgations systems, and  Residental cuslomers aree eligble fora $30 incentive (every3 years)s tot have ther cooing A5200 incertve  available for installingan residential electric vehicle chargings staton AS300i incentive s available for instaling: anars source heatp pumpy watert heater (EF>1.9),or $5001 fori instalinga walerigrounds source heat pumpv watert heater (COP> >2.8). LEDI aghting incentives are provided for commercial andi industrial customers viaa a prescriptive program (an incentive based ana sahle for predetermined future replacements) or a custom programs ahere thel incentive isc calculated based ant thes specitic ighting energy improvements.  Customers canr receive reimbursement! forir instalings electrich heating matsi int theirt hogt farrowing  From a natural gas standpoint Black Hills Energy works with communities on renewable" natural gas;utilization of natural gas from landfills that is cleaned and then put back into the  natural gas distribution system.  Black Hills works closely with customers to help save energy. Natural gas usage per household has decreased even as the overall demand for energy has risen. This trend is due in part to installation of better windows and doors,insulation and the increasingly more efficient natural Overall, Black Hills is committed to advancing new technologies, such as renewable natural gas, liquefied natural gas and power to gas to create cleaner options. Black Hills also shares its energy to strengthen the communities that they serve and support growth and development.  gas appliances.  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN, 2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 76 of81    WATER CONSUMPTION IN AURORA  The main natural resource consumed by the residents and businesses in Aurora is water, which The largest consumer of water in Aurora is residential customers, as almost ten times more residential customers are served in Aurora than commercial. The number of users in Aurora has actually slightly decreased since 2015 as the total number of users in 2015 was 24,163 while the total number of customers in 2019 was 24,156. Consumption of water has also decreased in Aurora as at total of approximately 273 million gallons of water were consumed in 2010 while  is pumped into the city by seven different wells.  roughly 222 million gallons were consumed in 2019.  CHART 6.3 AURORA CITY WATER CUSTOMERS, 2010, 2015, 2019  (CITY OF AURORA)  25,000 24,000 23,000 22,000 21,000 20,000 19,000  408 215 2,304  346 215 2,356  300 204 2,376  20,999 2010  21,246 2015  21,276 2019  RES COMM RES-TAX, EXEMPT COMM-TAX EXEMPT CHART 6.4 AURORA CITY WATER TOTAL CONSUMPTION, 2010, 2015, ,2019  (CITY OF AURORA)  290,000,000 270,000,000 250,000,000 230,000,000 270,000,000 190,000,000 170,000,000 150,000,000 130,000,000  --RES  +-COMM  --RES-TAX EXEMPT --COMM- TAX EXEMPT  2010  2015  2019  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN,2 2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 77of81    The following charts display the change in type of customer and consumption from month to  month for the years 2010, 2015, and 2019.  CHART 6.5 AURORA CITY WATER CUSTOMERS, 2010  (CITY OF AURORA)  2,100 2,000 1,900 1,800 1,700 1,600 1,500  RES COMM RES-TAXEXEMPT COMM-TAXEXEMPT  -  SAH BB VAR ARL JA uNe  SRY 0 ppl Des  2015  2,100 2,000 1,900 1,800 1,700 1,600 1,500  1/ y AR VA J j A & 1//  2019  2,100 2,000 1,900 1,800 1,700 1,600 1,500  - -  A  E  1A 1//  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2 2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 78 of81    CHART 6.8 AURORA CITY WATER TOTAL CONSUMPTION, 2010  (CITY OF AURORA)  DECEMBER NOVEMBER OCTOBER SEPTEMBER AUGUST JULY JUNE MAY APRIL MARCH FEBRUARY JANUARY DECEMBER NOVEMBER OCTOBER SEPTEMBER AUGUST JULY JUNE MAY APRIL MARCH FEBRUARY JANUARY DECEMBER NOVEMBER OCTOBER SEPTEMBER AUGUST JULY JUNE MAY APRIL MARCH FEBRUARY JANUARY  RES COMM RES-TAX: EXEMPT COMM-TAX EXEMPT  10,000,000  20,000,000 2015  30,000,000  40,000,000  50,000,000  10,000,000  20,000,000 2019  30,000,000  40,000,000  50,000,000  10,000,000  20,000,000  30,000,000  40,000,000  50,000,000 CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2020  Page 79 of81    ENERGY ELEMENT-KEY1 TAKEAWAYS  The amount of electricity generated from coal is gradually,yet: steadily declining. Coal once produced more than half of the electricity utilized in Nebraska. According to information provided by NPPD, wind energy accounts for almost 10% of the electricity now provided to: its Renewable sources of energy such as sun and wind have been and will continue to grow in production and use in Nebraska. Much like the solar panel project at the City's wastewater treatment plant, the City of Aurora should continue to look for opportunities to reduce its Though it is steadily declining in usage, the main consumer of water in Aurora is residential customers. The City should continue to work with NPPD and Black Hills Energy to incentivize residents to find ways to conserve its use of energy and develop sources of renewable energy. While the use of renewable sources of energy and the conservation of water and energy should be encouraged, these practices will impact land use needs and patterns in Aurora. Accordingly, the City will need to bej proactive toj plan for ways to accommodate its residents and businesses that are attempting to create ways to provide renewable energy and conserve water. The City's leadership will also need to find al balance between accommodating creative land uses, preserving the current built environment, and respecting the rights and desires of all property  customers.  consumption of non-renewable sources and overall energy costs.  owners within the City's zoningjurisdiction.  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 80 of81    VII. AREMINDER OF WHY WE PLAN  This comprehensive plan document is the City's guidebook as to how it will approach land use development. While every land use decision will be unique, the City of Aurora will rely upon the same principles communicated through the Future Land Use Map (Map 3.4) and key takeaways provided throughout this document to guide its land use decision making processes. The City recognizes the growth opportunities and challenges that it is facing over the next decade (2020- 2030). As such, it has adopted this plan to ensure it is taking steps in the right direction to The overall intention of the comprehensive plan is to attract and encourage predictable and manageable growth that serves the city's current residents while also improving the  address those challenges and capitalize upon those opportunities.  community'so outlook.  With every decision that is made the City'sle leadership will be asked to consider whether or not the proposed action/s will bring the community closer to its growth goals. Those goals were  identified at the beginning of the plan and are alsol listed below.  Growth goals that the City intends to accomplish through this plan update are. listed below:  Expanding housing choices for all income levels.  Increasing the amount of available park space at the same rate as new residents are Ensuring that neighborhoods can continue to expand in a sustainable and predictable  added to the city. manner.  Attracting workforce to the city that is needed by area employers. Creating an attractive commercial corridor from the city tol Interstate 80.  Encouraging the start-up, expansion, and re-location of companies to Aurora that provide Maintaining the City of Aurora as a regional leader in continuing to provide a community  jobs and services to the area.  that is a great place to live, work, and play.  CITY OF AURORA COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENTI PLAN,2020  CFIVE LRULE RURAL PLANNING  Page 81 of81