Cipydf Clio OVERVIEW  2023 Annual Drinking Water Quality Report  The City ofClio Department of Public Services (DPS) is dedicated to providing quality drinking water to the residents and businesses of the community. The City ofCliol DPS routinely samples and tests the drinking water for a number of different contaminants, and continues to develop and institute an asset management plan for the water system. This asset management program includes but is not limited to, valve inspection and operation, hydrant flushing and inspection, and cross connection inspections. In conjunction with these programs, the City also continues working to update mapping to verify the location, size, and material ofthe City's water distribution system. The City ofClio DPS is committed to thorough notification to our customers ifthere is any reason for concern about the quality or safety of The City of Clio purchases water: from the Genesee County Drain Commissioner - Division of Water and Waste Services via the Karegnondi Water Authority. The KWA's primary source of water is from Lake Huron. The raw water intake ist transported via a watermain to ai new state of the art water treatment plant that isi in Columbiaville, Michigan. After the drinking water treatment process is completed by state certified professionals, the wateris  the drinking water.  WATER SOURCE AND TREATMENT  distributed to many communities within Lapeer and Genesee County.  ADDITIONAL INFORMATION  In order to ensure that tap wateri is safe to drink, EPA prescribes regulations, which limit the amount of certain contaminants in water provided by public water systems. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulations establish limits for contaminants in bottled water, which must provide the same protection for public health. Drinking water, including bottled water, may: reasonably be expected to contain at least small amounts ofs some contaminants. The presence of contaminants does not necessarily indicate that water poses al health risk. More information about contaminants and potential health effects can be obtained by calling the Environmental Protections The sources of drinking water (both tap water and bottled water) include rivers, lakes, streams, ponds, reservoirs, springs, and wells. As water travels overt the surface oft the land or through the ground, it dissolves naturally-occurring minerals and in some cases, radioactive material, and can pick up substances resulting from the presence of animals or Microbial contaminants, such as viruses and bacteria which may come from sewage treatment plants, septic Inorganic contaminants, such as salts and metals, which can be naturally-occurring or result from urban stormwater runoff, industrial or domestic wastewater discharges, oil and gas production, mining, or farming. Pesticides and herbicides, which may come from a variety of sources such as agriculture, urban stormwater Organic chemical contaminants, including synthetic and volatile organic, which are by-products ofindustrial processes and petroleum production, and can also come: from gas stations, urban stormwater runoff and septic Radioactive contaminants, which can be naturally occurring or be the result ofoil and gas production and  Agency's Safe Drinking Water Hotline (1-800-426-4791).  from human activity. Contaminants that may be present in source water include:  systems, agricultural livestock operations, and wildlife.  runoff, and residential uses.  systems. mining activities.    Ini the following table you will find many terms and abbreviations to help you better understand  the contaminant testing results on the following page.  Key to Detected Contaminants Tables  Symbol Non-Abbreviated AL Action Level HAA5 Halo acetic Acids  DerintionlExplanation  Symbol or Term  The concentration of a contaminant, which, ife exceeded, triggers treatment or other requirements which a water HAA5 ist the total of bromoacetic, chloroacetic, dibromo acetic, dichloroacetic, and trichloroacetic acids. Compliance monitoring location during the previous four quarters. The highest level of a contaminant thati is allowed in drinking using the best available treatment technology. The level of contaminant in drinking water below which there There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant is necessary for control of microbial contaminants. is no known or expected risk to health. MRDLG's do not reflect the benefits of the use of disinfectants to control Result is not detectable at or below the laboratory detection  system must follow. is based on the total.  LRAA Locational Running The average of analytical results for samples at a particular  Annual Average MCL Maximum MCLG Maximum  Contaminant Level water. MCLS are set as close to the MCLGS as feasible Contaminant Level is no known or expected risk to health. MCLG's allows fora  Goal Disinfectant Level Disinfectant Level Goal nla not applicable ND Not Detected NTU Nephelometric Turbidity Units pCI/L Picocuries Per Liter ppb Parts per billion (one in one billion) ppm Parts per million RAA Running Annual Average TT TTHM Total  margin of safety.  MRDL Maximum Residual The highest level of a disinfectant allowed in drinking water. MRDLG Maximum Residual The level of a drinking water disinfectant below which there  microbial contaminants. Does not apply. level.  Measures the cloudiness of water. Ar measure of radioactivity. = 1/1000 milligram.  The ppb is equivalent to micrograms per liter. A microgram The ppm is equivalent to milligrams per liter. Ar milligram = The average of analytical results for all samples during the previous twelve months. contaminant in drinking water. Total Trihalomethanes is the sum of chloroform, bromodichlorometnane, dibromochlorometnane, and bromoform. Compliance is based on the total. equal to 1 part per billion (ppb) at 100° under standard conditions  (one in one million) 1/1000 gram.  Treatment Technique Are required process intended to reduce the level ofa  Trihalomethanes Celsius Greater than  ug/L Micrograms per liter Amicrogram = 1/1000 milligrams. 1 microgram per liter is  "C >  Ascale oft temperature in which water freezes at 0 and boils Mathematical symbol that denotes a value greater than" by 10 percent of the sites sampled during a monitoring  another value. period.  90th Percentile Value The concentration of lead or copper int tap water exceeded    2023 Regulated Detected Contaminants Tables Health Allowed Highest Range of Violation MCLG MCL Detected  Test  Regulated Contaminant Fluoride Barium Arsenic Nitrate (as Nitrogen)  Date Units Goal Level  Level Detection  Sources in Major  Water Drinking'  yes/no  Inorganic Chemicals - Monitoring at Plant Finished Water Tap  Erosion ofr natural deposits; Water additive, no which promotes strong teeth; Discharge from fertilizer and aluminum factories Erosion of natural deposits; discharge of no drilling wastes; discharge from metal refineries Erosion of natural deposits; runoffi from no orchards; runoff from glass ande electronics production wastes. Runoff fromi fertilizer use; leaching from no septic tanks, sewage; erosion ofr natural deposits.  daily ppm 4 2023 ppm 2 2023 ppb 0 2023 ppm 10  4 2 10 10  0.88  0.33-0.88  0.014 0.012-0.014 0.54 0.5  ND-0.54 ND-0.5  Disinfection By-Products -Monitoring in Distribution System, Stage 2 Disinfection By-Products  Regulated Contaminant Total (TTHM) Five (HAA5) Regulated Contaminant Total Chlorine Residual  Test Date  Health Allowed Highest Range of Violation  Units Goal  Level MCLG MCL 80 60  Sources in Major  LRAA 32.8 8.75  Detection yes/no 19.9-51 6-10  Drinking' Water  Trihalomethanes 2023 ppb n/a Haloacetic. Acids 2023 ppb n/a Disinfectant Residuals Monitoring in Distribution System  no no yes/no no yes/no no Violation yes/no no no  By-product of drinking water chlorination By-product ofc drinking watero  disinfection  Test Date Unit Goal Level 2023 ppm  Health Allowed Highest Range of Violation  RAA Detection .44  Major Sources in Drinking' Water Water additive used to control microbes Major Sources in Drinking' Water Soil Runoff  MRDGL MRDL 4  4  05-.87  2023 Turbidity - Monitored every 4 hours at Plant Finished' Water  Highest Single Measurement Lowest Monthly' % of Samples Meeting Turbidity Violation  Cannot exceed 1NTU 0.09 NTU  Limit of0.3NTU (minimum 95%)  100%  Turbidity is ar measure oft the cloudiness of water. We monitor it because iti is a good indicator oft the effectiveness of our filtration system.  2023 Microbiological Contaminants - Monthly Monitoring in Distribution System  Regulated Contaminant MCLG Total Coliform Bacteria  Highest Number Detected 0 0  MCL  Major Sources in Drinking' Water Naturally present in the environment. Human waste and animal fecal waste.  >1 Positive monthly sample, or 0 Presence of Coliform bacteria > 5% ofr monthly samples Ar routine sample and a repeat and one is also fecal or E.coli positive.  E.coli Bacteria 0 sample aret total coliform positive,  Source Typical of Contaminant Erosion of natural deposits  Regulated Contaminant Total Organic Carbon (ppm) Radionuclides 2019 Regulated Contaminant Combined Radium Radium 226 and 228 Gross Alpha  Treatment Technique  The Total Organic Carbon (TOC) removal ratio is calculated as the ratio between the actual TOC removal and the TOC removal requirements. The TOC was measured each month and because thel level was low, there is nol TOC removal requirement.  Test Date Unit Goal 2/13/19 pCi/ 0 L 2/13/19 pCil 0 L  Health Allowed Level MCLG MCL 5 15  Violation Yes/no no no  Level Detected 1.0+1-0.50 2.0+/-1.0  Major Sources in Drinking' Water Erosion ofr natural deposits Erosion of natural deposits    2023 Unregulated Detected Contaminant  Contaminant Sodium (ppm) Magnesium Sulfate  MCLG n/a nla n/a  MCL n/a n/a n/a  Level Detected 11.0 8.1 25  Source of Contamination Erosion ofr natural deposits Erosion ofr natural deposits Runoff/leaching from natural deposits  IMPORTANT HEALTH INFORMATION-IEAD  Ifp present, elevated levels of lead can cause serious health problems, especially for pregnant women and young children. Lead in drinking water is primarily from materials and components associated with service lines and home plumbing. Genesee County Water and Waste Services is responsible for providing high quality drinking water, but cannot control the variety of materials used in plumbing components. When your water has been sitting for several hours, you can minimize the potential for lead exposure by flushing your tap for 30 seconds to 2 minutes before using water for drinking or cooking. Ifyou are concerned about lead in your water, you) may wish tol have your water tested. Infants and children who drink water containing lead could experience delays int their physical or mental development. Children could show slight deficits in attention span and learning abilities. Adults who drink this water over many: years could develop kidney problems or high blood pressure. Information on lead in drinking water, testing methods, and steps you can take toi minimize exposure is available from the  Safe Drinking Water Hotline at 1-800-426-479lor. at tp/www.epagov/drnkintolead.  PEOPLE WITH SPECIAL HEALTHCONCERNS  Some people may be more vulnerable to contaminants in drinking water than is the general population. Immuno- compromised persons, such as persons with cancer who are undergoing chemotherapy, persons who have undergone organ transplants, people with HIV/AIDS or other immune system disorders, some elderly and infants can be particularly at risk from infections. These people should seek advice about drinking water from their health care providers. EPA/CDC guidelines on appropriate means to lessen the risk ofinfection by Cryptosporidium and other microbial contaminants are cryptosporidium is a disease-causing parasite that lives in the intestinal tract of many animals including dogs and cats. Symptoms ofinfection include diarrhea, abdominal cramps, headaches, nausea and vomiting. The disease is typically spread through contact with feces of an infected animal or person and consuming contaminated food or water. Cryptosporidium can bei introduced intol bodies of water by way ofs surface water run off containing animal waste and sewage discharge. The water supplied toi the City ofC Clio has been tested for Cryptosporidium since 1994 and has never been detected in any water  available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline (1-800-426-4791).  CRYTOSPORIDIUM  supply samples. NOTICE OF VIOLATIONS  1. Monitoring Requirements Not] Met for the City of Clio  We are required to monitor your drinking water for specific contaminants on ai regular basis. Results ofregular monitoring are an indicator of whether or not our drinking water meets health standards. During December 1 to December 31,2023, we did not complete all monitoring or testing for total coliform bacteria, and therefore cannot be sure of the quality ofyour drinking water during that time. However, this violation does not pose a threat to your supply's water. What should Ido? There is nothing you need to do at this time. This is not an emergency. You do not need to boil water or use an alternative source of water at this time. Even though this is not an emergency, as our customers, you have a right The table below lists the contaminant(s) we did not properly test for, how often we are supposed to sample for these contaminants, how many samples we are supposed tot take, how many samples we took, when samples should have been  tol know what happened and what we did to correct the situation. taken, and the date we will collected follow-up samples.  Required sampling frequency month  Number of When all samples  Date additional samples willl be taken January 1t to  Contaminant  samples taken 2  should have been taken December 1t to  Total Coliform 3 samples per  Bacteria  December 31,2023 January 31, 2024  What happened? What is being done? Wei inadvertently missed taking a sample within this required sampling period. We are making every effort to ensure this does not happen again. We returned to compliance in January 2024.    For more information, please contact Enrique Vargas, DPS Superintendent, City of Clio, 505 West Vienna, Clio,  MI 48420 at 810-686-5850.  OPPORTUNITIES FOR PUBLIC: PARTICIPATION  The City ofClio does not hold any water advisory board meetings; however you are welcome to attend GCWW's Regular Advisory Board Meetings on thet third Wednesday ofevery month at G-4610 Beecher Road, Flint, Michigan 48532 at 9:00 Ifyoul have questions concerning this Consumers Confidence Report, please call the City ofClio at 810-686-5850. Please share this information with other people who drink this water, especially those who may not have received this notice directly (for example, people in apartments, nursing homes, schools, and businesses). You can dot this by posting this notice This notice is being sent to you by the City of Clio. Copies oft this report are available on our website at www.clogovofice.com and at Clio City Hall, 505 W. Vienna St, Clio, MI 48420. Individual copies will not be mailed.  a.m.  in aj public place or distributing copies by hand or mail.    IMPORTANT INFORMATION ABOUT YOUR DRINKING WATER Monitoring Requirements Not Met for City of Clio  We are required to monitor your drinking water for specific contaminants on a regular basis. Results of regular monitoring are an indicator of whether or not your drinking water meets health standards. During December 1 to December 31, 2023, we did not complete all monitoring or testing for total coliform bacteria, and therefore cannot be sure of the quality of your drinking water during that time.  Whatshouldido?  There is nothing you need to do at this time. This is not an emergency. You do not need to boil water or use an alternative source of water at this time. Even though this is not an emergency, as our customers you have a right to know what happened and what we did to correct the situation. The table below lists the contaminant we did not properly test for, how often we are supposed to sample for this contaminant, how many samples we are supposed to take, how many samples we took, when samples should have been taken, and the date we collected follow-up samples.  Number of taken 2  Date additional samples taken  Required sampling frequency month  When all samples should December 1to December 31, 2023  Contaminant  samples have been taken were/will be  Total Coliform 3 samples per  Bacteria  What happened? What is being done?  We inadvertently missed taking a sample within this required sampling period. We are making every effort to ensure this does not happen again. We returned to compliance on Janvary 1, 2024  For more information, please contact Enrique Vargas  810-686:5850  Please share this information with all the other people who drink this water, especially those who may not have received this notice directly (for example, people in apartments, nursing homes, schools, and businesses). You can do this by posting this notice in a public place or distributing copies by  hand or mail.  This notice is being sent to you by City of Clio.